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create public opinion

Толкование Перевод

1 create public opinion

Общая лексика: формировать общественное мнение

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > create public opinion
2 ♦ public

♦ public /ˈpʌblɪk/
A a.

pubblico ( in ogni senso): a public building, un edificio pubblico; (leg.) public law, diritto pubblico; a public protest, una protesta pubblica; public relations, relazioni pubbliche; public education, pubblica istruzione; public health, salute pubblica; sanità; (fin.) public expenditure (o public spending) la spesa pubblica; (fin.) the public debt, il debito pubblico; to be public knowledge, essere di dominio pubblico; to make public, pubblicare, rendere di pubblico dominio

B n.

1 pubblico; clientela; spettatori, lettori, ascoltatori: the sporting public, gli sportivi (in quanto spettatori)

2 pubblico; gente: the general public, il grande pubblico; The museum is closed to the public on Mondays, il lunedì il museo è chiuso al pubblico

● public accountant, ragioniere professionista ( iscritto all'albo); commercialista □ public-address system, sistema d'amplificazione sonora; impianto di diffusione sonora □ (edil., leg.) public area, parti comuni ( di un condominio) □ ( USA) public assistance, assistenza sociale □ (in GB) public bar, sala esterna ( di un pub: meno elegante e meno cara delle altre) □ (polit.) public bill, disegno di legge d'iniziativa governativa; ( anche) proposta di legge d'interesse generale □ (fin.) public company, società di capitali ( ad azionariato diffuso generalmente quotata in Borsa; cfr. private company, sotto private); società per azioni □ public conveniences, gabinetti ( di decenza); latrine pubbliche □ (fin.) public corporation, (in GB) ente di diritto pubblico ( come la BBC); ( USA) società (o azienda) statale; ( anche) società di capitali ( quotata in Borsa; cfr. public company, sopra) □ (leg., USA) public defender, difensore d'ufficio □ (leg., USA) public domain, pubblico dominio; ( anche) demanio, proprietà demaniali □ (leg.) public easement, servitù pubblica □ public finance, finanza pubblica; ( anche) scienza delle finanze □ public holiday, festa nazionale; pubblica festività □ public house, pub; locale pubblico in cui si consumano alcolici □ public housing, edilizia popolare; alloggi popolari □ (econ., fin.) public issue, offerta al pubblico; offerta pubblica di sottoscrizione (OPS) □ (comput.) public-key cryptography, crittografia a chiave pubblica □ public life, vita pubblica; politica □ public limited company = public company ► sopra □ a public man, un uomo che ricopre cariche pubbliche □ public-minded, animato da senso civico; che ha una coscienza sociale □ public nuisance, (leg.) turbativa dell'ordine pubblico; (fam.) seccatore; scocciatore, rompiscatole (fam.) □ (econ., fin.) public offering, = public issue ► sopra □ public opinion, opinione pubblica □ public-opinion poll, sondaggio d'opinione; indagine demoscopica □ public orator, oratore ufficiale □ public park, parco pubblico □ (leg.) public prosecutor, pubblico ministero □ the public purse, l'erario □ (in GB) the Public Record Office, l'Archivio di Stato ( a Londra) □ public relations officer, addetto alle pubbliche relazioni □ (leg.) public safety, sicurezza pubblica □ public school, (in GB) scuola privata ( residenziale, a livello secondario); (in USA e Scozia) scuola pubblica ( a livello elementare) NOTE DI CULTURA: public school: in Inghilterra e nel Galles è un tipo di scuola secondaria privata (in genere un collegio) soprattutto maschile per ragazzi dagli 11 ai 18 anni. Le public schools di solito sono esigenti in fatto di rendimento scolastico e danno grande importanza allo sport e allo spirito di corpo. A causa delle loro rette elevate, sono tradizionalmente frequentate da ragazzi di ceto elevato. I loro diplomati sono spesso ammessi alle università di Oxford o Cambridge. L'aggettivo public deriva dal fatto che in origine si trattava di scuole non religiose create e finanziate a beneficio dei comuni cittadini. Le più antiche sono Eton, Harrow, Winchester e Rugby, tutte fondate nel XV secolo □ (econ.) the public sector, il settore pubblico □ (fin.) public-sector borrowing requirement, fabbisogno finanziario dello Stato □ public servant, funzionario statale (spec. se eletto) □ the public services, i servizi pubblici □ (fin.) public service cuts, tagli alle spese dei servizi pubblici □ public service announcement, comunicazione sociale □ public speaking, oratoria □ public spirit, senso civico; civismo □ public-spirited = public-minded ► sopra □ public utility, servizio pubblico; impresa pubblica (o d'interesse pubblico) □ the public welfare, il bene comune; la salute pubblica □ public works, lavori pubblici; opere pubbliche □ (relig.) public worship, il culto; servizio religioso □ to go public, ( di una persona) fare rivelazioni; uscire allo scoperto; (fin.: d'una società di capitali non quotata) trasformarsi in una ► «public company» ( sopra) □ in public, in pubblico □ ( di notizia) to be in the public domain, essere di dominio pubblico □ ( di persona) to be in the public eye, essere molto in vista □ the reading public, il pubblico che legge; i lettori.
NOTA D'USO: - public, audience, spectators- NOTA D'USO: - the public is o the public are?-

English-Italian dictionary > ♦ public
3 public

1. adjective
öffentlich

public assembly — Volksversammlung, die

a public danger/service — eine Gefahr für die/ein Dienst an der Allgemeinheit

be a matter of public knowledge — allgemein bekannt sein

in the public eye — im Blickpunkt der Öffentlichkeit

make something public — etwas publik (geh.) od. bekannt machen
2. noun, no pl.; constr. as sing. or pl.
1) (the people) Öffentlichkeit, die; Allgemeinheit, die

the general public — die Allgemeinheit; die breite Öffentlichkeit

member of the public — Bürger, der/Bürgerin, die

be open to the public — für den Publikumsverkehr geöffnet sein

2) (section of community) Publikum, das; (author's readers also) Leserschaft, die

the reading public — das Lesepublikum

3)

in public — (publicly) öffentlich; (openly) offen

behave oneself in public — sich in der Öffentlichkeit benehmen

* * *

adjective

(of, for, or concerning, the people (of a community or nation) in general: a public library; a public meeting; Public opinion turned against him; The public announcements are on the back page of the newspaper; This information should be made public and not kept secret any longer.) öffentlich

- academic.ru/58855/publicly">publicly
- publicity
- publicize
- publicise
- public holiday
- public house
- public relations
- public service announcement
- public spirit
- public-spirited
- public transport
- in public
- the public
- public opinion poll
* * *

pub·lic

[ˈpʌblɪk]

I. adj inv

1. (of the people) opinion öffentlich

\public approval allgemeine Zustimmung

in the \public interest im Interesse der Öffentlichkeit

2. (for the people) library öffentlich

\public baths esp BRIT öffentliches Bad

\public institution öffentliche Einrichtung

3. (not private) öffentlich

\public announcement/hearing öffentliche Bekanntmachung/Anhörung

to go \public with sth etw öffentlich bekanntgeben [o bekanntmachen]

to make sth \public etw öffentlich bekanntgeben; (esp in writing) etw veröffentlichen

4. (state) öffentlich, staatlich

\public building öffentliches Gebäude

5. STOCKEX

the company is going \public das Unternehmen wird in eine Aktiengesellschaft umgewandelt

\public offering öffentliches Zeichnungsangebot

\public placing AM öffentliche Platzierung

II. n + sing/pl vb

1. (the people)

▪ the \public die Öffentlichkeit, die Allgemeinheit

a member of the \public jemand aus der Öffentlichkeit

the general \public die allgemeine Öffentlichkeit

the American/British/Canadian \public die amerikanische/britische/kanadische Öffentlichkeit

the Great British P\public BRIT ( hum fam) die breite britische Öffentlichkeit

2. (patrons) Anhängerschaft f; of newspapers Leser(innen) m(f); of TV Zuschauer(innen) m(f), Publikum nt

3. (not in private) Öffentlichkeit f

in \public in der Öffentlichkeit, öffentlich

* * *
['pʌblɪk]
1. adj
support, pressure, subsidy öffentlich; official öffentlich, staatlich
to be public knowledge — allgemein bekannt sein

to become public — publik werden

at public expense — aus öffentlichen Mitteln

public pressure — Druck m der Öffentlichkeit

it's rather public here — es ist nicht gerade privat hier

it's a bit too public here — hier sind (mir) zu viele Leute

he is a public figure or person — er ist eine Persönlichkeit des öffentlichen Lebens

in the public eye — im Blickpunkt der Öffentlichkeit

to make sth public — etw bekannt geben, etw publik machen; (officially) etw öffentlich bekannt machen

in the public interest — im öffentlichen Interesse

to create public awareness — öffentliches Interesse wecken

to go public (Comm) — in eine Aktiengesellschaft umgewandelt werden

2. n sing or pl
Öffentlichkeit f
in public — in der Öffentlichkeit; speak also, agree, admit öffentlich

our/their etc public — unser/ihr etc Publikum

the ( general) public — die (breite) Öffentlichkeit

the viewing public — das Fernsehpublikum, die Zuschauer pl

the reading/sporting public — die lesende/sportinteressierte Öffentlichkeit

the racing public — die Freunde pl des Rennsports

the great American/British public (iro) — die breite amerikanische/britische Öffentlichkeit

* * *

public [ˈpʌblık]

A adj (adv → publicly)

a) öffentlich (stattfindend)

b) öffentlich, allgemein bekannt

c) öffentlich (Einrichtung, Straße etc)

d) Staats…, staatlich:

it’s a bit too public here hier sind (mir) zu viele Leute;

go public sich an die Öffentlichkeit wenden, an die Öffentlichkeit treten ( beide:

with mit); WIRTSCH sich in eine Aktiengesellschaft umwandeln;

make public publik machen, bekannt machen;

public accountant WIRTSCH US Wirtschaftsprüfer(in);

public-address system Lautsprecheranlage f;

over the public-address system über Lautsprecher;

public appearance Auftreten n in der Öffentlichkeit;

make one’s first public appearance zum ersten Mal öffentlich auftreten;

public assistance US Sozialhilfe f;

public bar Br Schankraum m (eines Pubs);

public bill PARL Gesetzesvorlage, die öffentliche Angelegenheiten betrifft;

public (limited) company WIRTSCH Br Aktiengesellschaft f;

public convenience bes Br öffentliche Toilette, Bedürfnisanstalt f;

public corporation öffentlich-rechtliche Körperschaft;

public debt bes US öffentliche Schuld, Staatsschuld f;

public defender JUR US Offizial-, Pflichtverteidiger(in);

public domain US Staatsländereien pl, staatlicher Grundbesitz; (Internet) frei verfügbare Software;

be in the public domain JUR US nicht mehr (durch Copyright od Patent) geschützt sein;

public enemy Staatsfeind(in);

public enterprise staatliches Unternehmertum;

be in the public eye im Blickpunkt der Öffentlichkeit stehen;

public expenditure Ausgaben pl der öffentlichen Hand, Staatsausgaben pl;

at the public expense auf Kosten des Steuerzahlers;

public figure Persönlichkeit f des öffentlichen Lebens;

public finances Staatsfinanzen;

public gallery PARL Zuschauertribüne f;

public health öffentliches Gesundheitswesen;

public health policy Gesundheitspolitik f;

public health service US staatlicher Gesundheitsdienst;

public holiday gesetzlicher Feiertag;

public house Br Gaststätte f;

public information Unterrichtung f der Öffentlichkeit;

be in the public interest im öffentlichen Interesse liegen;

public law öffentliches Recht;

public lending right Anspruch m (eines Autors) auf eine Bibliotheksabgabe;

public library öffentliche Bücherei, Volksbücherei f;

public life das öffentliche Leben;

retire ( oder withdraw) from public life sich ins Privatleben zurückziehen;

public ownership Staatseigentum n (of an dat);

public policy JUR Rechtsordnung f;

against public policy sittenwidrig;

public pressure (der) Druck der Öffentlichkeit;

public purse Staatskasse f;

public relations pl auch als sg konstruiert) Public Relations pl, Öffentlichkeitsarbeit f;

public relations department Public-Relations-Abteilung f;

public relations officer Öffentlichkeitsreferent(in);

public sale öffentliche Versteigerung, Auktion f;

public school Br Public School f (Privatschule der Sekundarstufe mit angeschlossenem Internat); US staatliche Schule;

public sector WIRTSCH öffentlicher Sektor;

public securities WIRTSCH Staatspapiere;

public servant Angestellte(r) m/f(m) im öffentlichen Dienst;

public service öffentlicher Dienst; US Bereitstellung f von Versorgungsdiensten;

public-service corporation US öffentlicher Versorgungsbetrieb;

public spending Ausgaben pl der öffentlichen Hand, Staatsausgaben pl;

public spirit Gemeinsinn m;

public-spirited mit Gemeinsinn (Person), von Gemeinsinn zeugend (Handlung etc);

be public-spirited Gemeinsinn haben;

public transport öffentliches Verkehrswesen; öffentliche Verkehrsmittel pl;

public utility öffentlicher Versorgungsbetrieb;

public works staatliche Bauprojekte; → notary, nuisance 3, opinion 2, prosecutor

B s

1. in public in der Öffentlichkeit, öffentlich

2. (auch als pl konstruiert)

a) (die) Öffentlichkeit:

appear before the public an die Öffentlichkeit treten;

be open to (members of) the public der Öffentlichkeit zugänglich sein;

exclude the public JUR die Öffentlichkeit ausschließen; → general A 3

b) Publikum n, (eines Autors auch) Leserschaft f:

bring sb’s pictures to a large public jemandes Bilder einer breiten Öffentlichkeit bekannt machen

pub. abk

1. public öffentl.

2. publication

3. published

4. publisher

5. publishing

* * *
1. adjective
öffentlich

public assembly — Volksversammlung, die

a public danger/service — eine Gefahr für die/ein Dienst an der Allgemeinheit

be a matter of public knowledge — allgemein bekannt sein

in the public eye — im Blickpunkt der Öffentlichkeit

make something public — etwas publik (geh.) od. bekannt machen
2. noun, no pl.; constr. as sing. or pl.
1) (the people) Öffentlichkeit, die; Allgemeinheit, die

the general public — die Allgemeinheit; die breite Öffentlichkeit

member of the public — Bürger, der/Bürgerin, die

be open to the public — für den Publikumsverkehr geöffnet sein

2) (section of community) Publikum, das; (author's readers also) Leserschaft, die

the reading public — das Lesepublikum

3)

in public — (publicly) öffentlich; (openly) offen

behave oneself in public — sich in der Öffentlichkeit benehmen

* * *

adj.

allgemein adj.

allgemein bekannt adj.

öffentlich adj. n.

Publikum -s n.

Öffentlichkeit f.

English-german dictionary > public
4 формировать общественное мнение

1) General subject: create public opinion, generate public opinion

2) Military: form public opinion, mold public opinion, mould public opinion, shape public opinion

3) Sociology: influence public opinion

4) Makarov: govern public opinion, marshal public opinion, tune public opinion

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > формировать общественное мнение
5 escándalo

m.

1 scandal, public disturbance, lot of noise, public and noisy disturbance.

2 scandal, big scene, discreditable action, indecency.

3 defamatory talk.

4 noise.

imperat.

3^rd person singular (él/ella/ello) Imperative of Spanish verb: escandir.

* * *

escándalo

► nombre masculino

1 scandal

■ su comportamiento es un escándalo his behaviour is scandalous

2 (alboroto) racket, fuss, din, uproar

3 figurado (asombro) astonishment, shock

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

armar un escándalo to kick up a fuss

causar escándalo to cause a scandal

* * *

noun m.

scandal

* * *

SM

1) (=tumulto) scandal, outrage

¡qué escándalo! — what a scandal!

¡es un escándalo! — it's outrageous o shocking!

precios de escándalo — (=caros) outrageous prices; (=baratos) amazing prices

comportamiento de escándalo — scandalous behaviour

un resultado de escándalo — (=malo) a scandalous result; (=bueno) a great result, an outstanding result

2) (=ruido) row, uproar

armar un escándalo — to make a scene, cause a row o an uproar

3) (=asombro) astonishment

llamar a escándalo — to cause astonishment, be a shock

* * *

masculino

1) (hecho, asunto chocante) scandal

un escándalo financiero — a financial scandal

qué escándalo! qué manera de vestir! — what a shocking o an outrageous way to dress!

- escándalo público

2) (alboroto, jaleo)

no armen or hagan tanto escándalo — don't make such a racket o row (colloq)

cuando lo sepa va a armar un escándalo — when she finds out she'll kick up a fuss o she'll create a scene (colloq)

nada de escándalos dentro del local — we don't want any trouble in here

* * *

= fuss, scandal, rumpus, outrage, disgrace, racket.

Ex. Hernandez decided that if he wished to survive in this restrictive atmosphere his options were clearly the following: don't make waves, do a good job with no fuss of which he could be proud, and try to gain Balzac's respect.

Ex. The subjects referred to recur frequently in the writings of the 'socially committed' -- drugs, sex, racism, student unrest, riots, scandals in government, conservation, the role of women in society are among them.

Ex. Then reading of this story aloud to young children as they look at the pictures, needs a firm, quiet voice, until that glorious wordless pictorial passage showing the 'wild rumpus,' when at least one reader discovers it is necessary to give a one-man vocal performance of some rumbustious classical music as accompaniment to the viewing of those pages.

Ex. The outrage expressed by users of the Internet brought about the passing an act aimed at ridding the Internet of pornography.

Ex. Distribution of any publication that tends to expose an individual to public contempt, ridicule, or disgrace is forbidden.

Ex. He says the library science degree is a racket; that there's nothing taught in library school that can't be better learned on the job.

----

* armar escándalo = make + a ruckus.

* armar un escándalo = raise + a stink, kick up + a fuss, kick up + a stink, make + a stink (about), make + a racket, make + a row, kick up + a row.

* de escándalo = outrageous.

* escándalo político = political scandal.

* escándalo público = public scandal.

* escándalos sexuales = sleaze.

* incitar escándalo = arouse + furor.

* obras que revelan un escándalo = exposé.

* persona que desvela escándalos o corrupción = muckraker.

* revelación de escándalos o corrupción = muckraking.

* * *

masculino

1) (hecho, asunto chocante) scandal

un escándalo financiero — a financial scandal

qué escándalo! qué manera de vestir! — what a shocking o an outrageous way to dress!

- escándalo público

2) (alboroto, jaleo)

no armen or hagan tanto escándalo — don't make such a racket o row (colloq)

cuando lo sepa va a armar un escándalo — when she finds out she'll kick up a fuss o she'll create a scene (colloq)

nada de escándalos dentro del local — we don't want any trouble in here

* * *

= fuss, scandal, rumpus, outrage, disgrace, racket.

Ex: Hernandez decided that if he wished to survive in this restrictive atmosphere his options were clearly the following: don't make waves, do a good job with no fuss of which he could be proud, and try to gain Balzac's respect.

Ex: The subjects referred to recur frequently in the writings of the 'socially committed' -- drugs, sex, racism, student unrest, riots, scandals in government, conservation, the role of women in society are among them.

Ex: Then reading of this story aloud to young children as they look at the pictures, needs a firm, quiet voice, until that glorious wordless pictorial passage showing the 'wild rumpus,' when at least one reader discovers it is necessary to give a one-man vocal performance of some rumbustious classical music as accompaniment to the viewing of those pages.

Ex: The outrage expressed by users of the Internet brought about the passing an act aimed at ridding the Internet of pornography.

Ex: Distribution of any publication that tends to expose an individual to public contempt, ridicule, or disgrace is forbidden.

Ex: He says the library science degree is a racket; that there's nothing taught in library school that can't be better learned on the job.

* armar escándalo = make + a ruckus.

* armar un escándalo = raise + a stink, kick up + a fuss, kick up + a stink, make + a stink (about), make + a racket, make + a row, kick up + a row.

* de escándalo = outrageous.

* escándalo político = political scandal.

* escándalo público = public scandal.

* escándalos sexuales = sleaze.

* incitar escándalo = arouse + furor.

* obras que revelan un escándalo = exposé.

* persona que desvela escándalos o corrupción = muckraker.

* revelación de escándalos o corrupción = muckraking.

* * *

escándalo

masculine

A (hecho, asunto chocante) scandal

está implicado en un escándalo financiero he's involved in a financial scandal

¡qué escándalo! ¡qué manera de vestir! what a shocking o an outrageous way to dress!

es un escándalo cómo suben los precios it's shocking o scandalous the way prices are going up

la noticia provocó un gran escándalo the news caused (a) great scandal o outrage

[ S ] precios de escándalo amazing prices

Compuesto:

escándalo público

public indecency

B

(alboroto, jaleo): no armen or hagan tanto escándalo don't make such a racket o row o ( AmE) ruckus ( colloq)

cuando le presentaron la cuenta armó un escándalo when they gave him the bill he kicked up a fuss o stink o he created a scene ( colloq)

nada de escándalos dentro del local we don't want any trouble in here

un borracho que daba un escándalo en la calle a drunk who was causing a commotion o scene in the street

* * *

escándalo sustantivo masculino
1 (hecho, asunto chocante) scandal;
◊ ¡qué escándalo! ¡qué manera de vestir! what a shocking o an outrageous way to dress!

2 (alboroto, jaleo) fuss;
◊ tanto escándalo para nada all this fuss over nothing;

cuando lo sepa va a armar un escándalo when she finds out she'll kick up a fuss;
no armen tanto escándalo don't make such a racket o row (colloq);
nada de escándalos dentro del local we don't want any trouble in here
escándalo sustantivo masculino
1 (ruido, jaleo) row, racket, din: con este escándalo vais a despertar a los vecinos, you'll wake up the neighbours with all this row
2 (inmoralidad) scandal
' escándalo' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
armar
- campanada
- carnaza
- espectáculo
- follón
- montar
- organizar
- polvareda
- salpicar
- vergüenza
- boca
- deber
- descubierto
- destapar
- estallar
- luz
English:
breath
- capital
- catch up
- disgrace
- disorderly
- furor
- furore
- fuss
- hush up
- row
- rumpus
- scandal
- scene
- stink
- blow
- carry
- kick
- outrage

* * *

escándalo

♦ nm

1. [hecho inmoral] scandal;
[indignación] outrage;
un escándalo de corrupción política a political corruption scandal;

hubo escándalo generalizado entre la opinión pública there was widespread indignation among public opinion;

¡esto es un escándalo!, quiero que me devuelvan el dinero this is outrageous! I want my money back;

los sueldos de los políticos son un escándalo o [m5] de escándalo politicians' salaries are a scandal o a disgrace;

sus declaraciones causaron escándalo her statements caused a great scandal

Comp
Der escándalo público public indecency;
escándalo sexual sex scandal

2. [alboroto] uproar, racket;

¡dejen ya de armar tanto escándalo! stop making such a racket!;

armar un escándalo to kick up a fuss;

menudo escándalo armó al enterarse she made quite a scene when she found out

♦ de escándalo loc adj
Fam
1. [enorme] enormous;

una goleada de escándalo a real hammering

2. [asombroso] astonishing;

precios de auténtico escándalo really amazing prices

* * *

escándalo

m

1 ( asunto vergonzoso) scandal

2 ( jaleo) racket, ruckus;

armar un escándalo make a scene

* * *

escándalo nm

1) : scandal

2) : scene, commotion

* * *

escándalo n

1. (asunto) scandal

este escándalo arruinará su carrera this scandal will ruin his career

2. (ruido) racket

los niños arman mucho escándalo a la salida del colegio the children make a terrible racket when they come out of school

Spanish-English dictionary > escándalo
6 allgemein

(abgek. allg.)

I Adj.

1. (alle[s] betreffend) general; (üblich) common; (umfassend) overall; stärker: universal; von allgemeinem Interesse of general interest; auf allgemeinen Wunsch by popular request ( oder demand); mit allgemeiner Billigung by common consent; allgemeine Zustimmung finden meet with general approval; allgemeines Mittel universal remedy; allgemeine Redensart generality; allgemeine Wahlen general election(s); allgemeines Wahlrecht universal suffrage; allgemeine Wehrpflicht universal conscription, compulsory military service; allgemeine Schulpflicht compusory education; Allgemeine Ortskrankenkasse (abgek. AOK) statutory health insurance company

2. (öffentlich) public; das allgemeine Wohl the common good, the public welfare

3. (ohne Details) Frage, Darstellung: general, generic; im Allgemeinen generally, in general; (im Ganzen) on the whole; das Allgemeine und das Besondere the general and the particular; vom Allgemeinen auf das Besondere schließen infer the particular from the general, instantiate (s. th. [general] in s.th. [special]); das ist mir viel zu allgemein that’s much too general for my taste

II Adv.

1. in general, generally; es ist allgemein bekannt, dass... it’s a well-known fact that..., it is common knowledge that...; allgemein bildende Schulen etwa comprehensive schools, Am. ordinary public schools; allgemein gebrauchtes Wort (alltägliches) word in general use; allgemein gültig universally applicable ( oder valid), general rule; es ist allgemein üblich, dass man... it’s ( oder that’s) common practi|ce (Am. -se) to...; allgemein verbindlich generally binding; allgemein verbreitet widespread, popular; allgemein verständlich comprehensible, simple

2. (Ggs. konkret, detailliert) generally; (oberbegrifflich) generically; allgemein anerkannt generally accepted; allgemein gesprochen generally speaking; allgemein gehalten general; allgemein gebrauchtes Wort (Ggs. speziell) word used in a general sense

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generally (Adv.); common (Adj.); nationwide (Adj.); commonly (Adv.); overall (Adj.); universal (Adj.); general (Adj.)

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ạll|ge|mein ['algə'main]
1. adj
general; Ablehnung, Zustimmung auch common; Feiertag public; Regelungen, Wahlrecht universal; Wehrpflicht compulsory; (= öffentlich) public, general
im Allgemeinen — in general, generally

im allgeméínen Interesse — in the common interest, in the public interest

von allgeméínem Interesse — of general interest

auf allgeméínen Wunsch — by popular or general request

die allgeméíne Meinung — the general opinion, the generally held opinion, public opinion

das allgeméíne Wohl — the common good, (the) public welfare, the public good

allgeméínes Aufsehen erregen — to cause or create a sensation

die Diskussion darüber wurde allgeméín — a general discussion developed

wir sind ganz allgeméín geblieben (inf) — we stayed on a general level

das Allgemeine und das Besondere — the general and the particular

2. adv
(= überall, bei allen, von allen) generally; (= ausnahmslos von allen) universally; (= generell) generally, in the main, for the most part; (= nicht spezifisch) in general terms
seine Thesen sind so allgeméín abgefasst, dass... — his theses are worded in such general terms that...

du kannst doch nicht so allgeméín behaupten, dass... — you can't make such a generalization and say that..., you can't generalize like that and say that...

seine Thesen sind so allgeméín abgefasst, dass... — his theses are worded in such general terms that...

du kannst doch nicht so allgeméín behaupten, dass... — you can't make such a generalization and say that..., you can't generalize like that and say that...

es ist allgeméín bekannt — it's common knowledge

es ist allgeméín üblich, etw zu tun — it's the general rule that we/they etc do sth, it's commonly or generally the practice to do sth

allgeméín verbindlich — generally binding

allgeméín verständlich (adjektivisch) — generally intelligible, intelligible to all; (adverbial) in a way intelligible to all

etw allgeméín verständlich ausdrücken — to express sth in a way which everyone can understand

allgeméín verbreitet — widespread

allgeméín zugänglich — open to all, open to the general public

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1) ((of a name, term etc) referring to several similar objects etc: `Furniture' is a generic term for chairs, tables etc.) generic

2) (general; not detailed: We discussed the plans in broad outline.) broad

3) (publicly owned: common property.) common

4) (of, involving etc all, most or very many people, things etc: The general feeling is that he is stupid; His general knowledge is good although he is not good at mathematics.) general

5) (covering a large number of cases: a general rule.) general

6) (without details: I'll just give you a general idea of the plan.) general

7) (usually; by most people; on the whole: He is generally disliked; He generally wins.) generally

8) (amongst, or by, most people: He was popularly believed to have magical powers.) popularly

9) (in general: Generally speaking, men are stronger than women.) generally speaking

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all·ge·mein

[ˈalgəˈmain]

I. adj

1. attr (alle betreffend) general

\allgemeine Feiertage national holidays

im \allgemeinen Interesse liegen [o sein] to be in everyone's interests [or in the common interest]

von \allgemeinem Interesse sein to be of interest to everyone

\allgemeine Vorschriften universal regulations, regulations applying to everyone

das \allgemeine Wahlrecht universal suffrage

die \allgemeine Wehrpflicht military service

2. attr (allen gemeinsam) general, public

zur \allgemeinen Überraschung to everyone's surprise

das \allgemeine Wohl the common good

\allgemeine Zustimmung finden/auf \allgemeine Ablehnung stoßen to meet with general approval/disapproval

3. (nicht spezifisch) general

die Frage war \allgemeiner Natur the question was of a rather general nature

4.

▶ im A\allgemeinen (normalerweise) generally speaking; (insgesamt) on the whole

II. adv

1. (allerseits, überall) generally

\allgemein bekannt/üblich sein to be common knowledge/practice

\allgemein gültig general, universally applicable

\allgemein verbindlich generally binding

\allgemein verbreitet widespread

\allgemein verständlich intelligible to everybody

\allgemein zugänglich sein to be open to the general public

2. (nicht spezifisch) generally

der Vortrag war leider sehr \allgemein gehalten unfortunately the lecture was rather general [or lacked focus]

eine \allgemein bildende Schule a school providing a general rather than specialized education

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1.
Adjektiv general; universal <conscription, suffrage>; universally applicable <law, rule>

auf allgemeinen Wunsch — by popular or general request

das allgemeine Wohl — the common good

im allgemeinen Interesse — in the common interest; in everybody's interest

im allgemeinen — in general; generally
2.
adverbial

1) generally

es ist allgemein bekannt, dass... — it is common knowledge that...

allgemein zugänglich — open to all or everybody

allgemein bildend — <school, course, etc.> providing a general or an all-round or (Amer.) all-around education

allgemein gültig — universally or generally applicable <law, rule>; universally or generally valid <law of nature, definition, thesis>

allgemein verbindlich — universally binding

allgemein verständlich — comprehensible or intelligible to all postpos.

etwas allgemein verständlich erklären — explain something in a way comprehensible or intelligible to all

2) (oft abwertend): (unverbindlich) <write, talk, discuss, examine, be worded> in general terms

eine allgemein gehaltene Einführung — a general introduction

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allgemein (abk allg.)

A. adj

1. (alle[s] betreffend) general; (üblich) common; (umfassend) overall; stärker: universal;

von allgemeinem Interesse of general interest;

auf allgemeinen Wunsch by popular request ( oder demand);

mit allgemeiner Billigung by common consent;

allgemeine Zustimmung finden meet with general approval;

allgemeines Mittel universal remedy;

allgemeine Redensart generality;

allgemeine Wahlen general election(s);

allgemeines Wahlrecht universal suffrage;

allgemeine Wehrpflicht universal conscription, compulsory military service;

allgemeine Schulpflicht compusory education;

Allgemeine Ortskrankenkasse (abk AOK) statutory health insurance company

2. (öffentlich) public;

das allgemeine Wohl the common good, the public welfare

3. (ohne Details) Frage, Darstellung: general, generic;

im Allgemeinen generally, in general; (im Ganzen) on the whole;

das Allgemeine und das Besondere the general and the particular;

vom Allgemeinen auf das Besondere schließen infer the particular from the general, instantiate (s. th. [general] in sth [special]);

das ist mir viel zu allgemein that’s much too general for my taste

B. adv

1. in general, generally;

es ist allgemein bekannt, dass … it’s a well-known fact that…, it is common knowledge that …;

allgemein bildend → allgemeinbildend;

allgemein gebrauchtes Wort (alltägliches) word in general use;

allgemein gültig → allgemeingültig;

es ist allgemein üblich, dass man … it’s ( oder that’s) common practice (US -se) to …;

allgemein verbindlich generally binding;

allgemein verbreitet widespread, popular;

allgemein verständlich comprehensible, simple

2. (Ggs konkret, detailliert) generally; (oberbegrifflich) generically;

allgemein anerkannt generally accepted;

allgemein gesprochen generally speaking;

allgemein gehalten general;

allgemein gebrauchtes Wort (Ggs speziell) word used in a general sense

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1.
Adjektiv general; universal <conscription, suffrage>; universally applicable <law, rule>

auf allgemeinen Wunsch — by popular or general request

das allgemeine Wohl — the common good

im allgemeinen Interesse — in the common interest; in everybody's interest

im allgemeinen — in general; generally
2.
adverbial

1) generally

es ist allgemein bekannt, dass... — it is common knowledge that...

allgemein zugänglich — open to all or everybody

allgemein bildend — <school, course, etc.> providing a general or an all-round or (Amer.) all-around education

allgemein gültig — universally or generally applicable <law, rule>; universally or generally valid <law of nature, definition, thesis>

allgemein verbindlich — universally binding

allgemein verständlich — comprehensible or intelligible to all postpos.

etwas allgemein verständlich erklären — explain something in a way comprehensible or intelligible to all

2) (oft abwertend): (unverbindlich) <write, talk, discuss, examine, be worded> in general terms

eine allgemein gehaltene Einführung — a general introduction

* * *

adj.

abstract adj.

common adj.

general adj.

generic adj.

nationwide adj.

public adj. adv.

generally adv.

generically adv.

popularly adv.

universally adv. präp.

across the board expr.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > allgemein
7 Öffentlichkeit

Öffentlichkeit f GEN public • an die Öffentlichkeit bringen POL air
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f < Geschäft> public ■ an die Öffentlichkeit bringen < Pol> air

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Öffentlichkeit
public, publicity, community;
• außerhalb des Blickfelds der Öffentlichkeit off camera;
• der Öffentlichkeit zugänglich open to the public;
• in aller Öffentlichkeit in public, on parade;
• nicht für die Öffentlichkeit bestimmt private, off the record;
• unter Ausschluss der Öffentlichkeit closed court, in camera (chambers), behind closed doors;
• von der Öffentlichkeit gefordert publicly demanded;
• die breite Öffentlichkeit the general public, public at large, the street;
• in der Öffentlichkeit anpreisen to sell the public on s. th.;
• Nachrichten für die Öffentlichkeit aufmachen to edit news for the public;
• Öffentlichkeit ausschließen (Gericht) to order the case to be heard in closed session (in camera), to exclude the general public;
• an (vor) die Öffentlichkeit bringen to air, to bring before the public, to publicize;
• an die Öffentlichkeit dringen to leak out;
• günstige Aufnahme in der Öffentlichkeit erzielen (finden) to create a favo(u)rable public opinion;
• der Öffentlichkeit zur Last fallen to become a charge on the public;
• in der Öffentlichkeit Anklang finden to catch the public imagination;
• die Öffentlichkeit hinter sich haben to carry public opinion with o. s.;
• Öffentlichkeit für etw. interessieren to enlist public interest in a matter;
• Öffentlichkeit auf etw. lenken to bring a question before the public;
• nicht für die Öffentlichkeit bestimmte Bemerkungen machen to speak off the record;
• in der Öffentlichkeit von sich reden machen to be in the news (limelight);
• etw. der Öffentlichkeit zugänglich machen to let daylight into s. th., to dedicate (US);
• Straße der Öffentlichkeit zugänglich machen to dedicate a highway (US coll.);
• in den Blickpunkt der Öffentlichkeit rücken to spotlight (fam.);
• im Brennpunkt der Öffentlichkeit stehen to be in the public eye (limelight);
• der Öffentlichkeit zwangsweise zur Verfügung stellen (Patent) to open to the public (US);
• unter Ausschluss der Öffentlichkeit tagen (Gericht) to sit in closed session (camera, chambers);
• den Wünschen der Öffentlichkeit Rechnung tragen to please the public;
• an (vor) die Öffentlichkeit treten to come forward, to appear in public, to make a public appearance;
• in der Öffentlichkeit viel in Erscheinung treten to be large in the public eye;
• sich vor der Öffentlichkeit verbergen to keep from the public;
• unter Ausschluss der Öffentlichkeit verhandeln to sit in chambers (closed session);
• von der Öffentlichkeit nicht positiv aufgenommen werden to offer resistance in the public;
• in der Öffentlichkeit zunehmend positiv aufgenommen werden to be rising in the estimation of the public;
• in der Öffentlichkeit notiert werden to be in the news;
• in der Öffentlichkeit unbeliebt werden to fall from public favo(u)r;
• sich von (vor) der Öffentlichkeit zurückziehen to withdraw one’s tent.

Business german-english dictionary > Öffentlichkeit
8 Historical Portugal

   Before Romans described western Iberia or Hispania as "Lusitania," ancient Iberians inhabited the land. Phoenician and Greek trading settlements grew up in the Tagus estuary area and nearby coasts. Beginning around 202 BCE, Romans invaded what is today southern Portugal. With Rome's defeat of Carthage, Romans proceeded to conquer and rule the western region north of the Tagus, which they named Roman "Lusitania." In the fourth century CE, as Rome's rule weakened, the area experienced yet another invasion—Germanic tribes, principally the Suevi, who eventually were Christianized. During the sixth century CE, the Suevi kingdom was superseded by yet another Germanic tribe—the Christian Visigoths.

   A major turning point in Portugal's history came in 711, as Muslim armies from North Africa, consisting of both Arab and Berber elements, invaded the Iberian Peninsula from across the Straits of Gibraltar. They entered what is now Portugal in 714, and proceeded to conquer most of the country except for the far north. For the next half a millennium, Islam and Muslim presence in Portugal left a significant mark upon the politics, government, language, and culture of the country.

   Islam, Reconquest, and Portugal Created, 714-1140

   The long frontier struggle between Muslim invaders and Christian communities in the north of the Iberian peninsula was called the Reconquista (Reconquest). It was during this struggle that the first dynasty of Portuguese kings (Burgundian) emerged and the independent monarchy of Portugal was established. Christian forces moved south from what is now the extreme north of Portugal and gradually defeated Muslim forces, besieging and capturing towns under Muslim sway. In the ninth century, as Christian forces slowly made their way southward, Christian elements were dominant only in the area between Minho province and the Douro River; this region became known as "territorium Portu-calense."

   In the 11th century, the advance of the Reconquest quickened as local Christian armies were reinforced by crusading knights from what is now France and England. Christian forces took Montemor (1034), at the Mondego River; Lamego (1058); Viseu (1058); and Coimbra (1064). In 1095, the king of Castile and Léon granted the country of "Portu-cale," what became northern Portugal, to a Burgundian count who had emigrated from France. This was the foundation of Portugal. In 1139, a descendant of this count, Afonso Henriques, proclaimed himself "King of Portugal." He was Portugal's first monarch, the "Founder," and the first of the Burgundian dynasty, which ruled until 1385.

   The emergence of Portugal in the 12th century as a separate monarchy in Iberia occurred before the Christian Reconquest of the peninsula. In the 1140s, the pope in Rome recognized Afonso Henriques as king of Portugal. In 1147, after a long, bloody siege, Muslim-occupied Lisbon fell to Afonso Henriques's army. Lisbon was the greatest prize of the 500-year war. Assisting this effort were English crusaders on their way to the Holy Land; the first bishop of Lisbon was an Englishman. When the Portuguese captured Faro and Silves in the Algarve province in 1248-50, the Reconquest of the extreme western portion of the Iberian peninsula was complete—significantly, more than two centuries before the Spanish crown completed the Reconquest of the eastern portion by capturing Granada in 1492.

   Consolidation and Independence of Burgundian Portugal, 1140-1385

   Two main themes of Portugal's early existence as a monarchy are the consolidation of control over the realm and the defeat of a Castil-ian threat from the east to its independence. At the end of this period came the birth of a new royal dynasty (Aviz), which prepared to carry the Christian Reconquest beyond continental Portugal across the straits of Gibraltar to North Africa. There was a variety of motives behind these developments. Portugal's independent existence was imperiled by threats from neighboring Iberian kingdoms to the north and east. Politics were dominated not only by efforts against the Muslims in

   Portugal (until 1250) and in nearby southern Spain (until 1492), but also by internecine warfare among the kingdoms of Castile, Léon, Aragon, and Portugal. A final comeback of Muslim forces was defeated at the battle of Salado (1340) by allied Castilian and Portuguese forces. In the emerging Kingdom of Portugal, the monarch gradually gained power over and neutralized the nobility and the Church.

   The historic and commonplace Portuguese saying "From Spain, neither a good wind nor a good marriage" was literally played out in diplomacy and war in the late 14th-century struggles for mastery in the peninsula. Larger, more populous Castile was pitted against smaller Portugal. Castile's Juan I intended to force a union between Castile and Portugal during this era of confusion and conflict. In late 1383, Portugal's King Fernando, the last king of the Burgundian dynasty, suddenly died prematurely at age 38, and the Master of Aviz, Portugal's most powerful nobleman, took up the cause of independence and resistance against Castile's invasion. The Master of Aviz, who became King João I of Portugal, was able to obtain foreign assistance. With the aid of English archers, Joao's armies defeated the Castilians in the crucial battle of Aljubarrota, on 14 August 1385, a victory that assured the independence of the Portuguese monarchy from its Castilian nemesis for several centuries.

   Aviz Dynasty and Portugal's First Overseas Empire, 1385-1580

   The results of the victory at Aljubarrota, much celebrated in Portugal's art and monuments, and the rise of the Aviz dynasty also helped to establish a new merchant class in Lisbon and Oporto, Portugal's second city. This group supported King João I's program of carrying the Reconquest to North Africa, since it was interested in expanding Portugal's foreign commerce and tapping into Muslim trade routes and resources in Africa. With the Reconquest against the Muslims completed in Portugal and the threat from Castile thwarted for the moment, the Aviz dynasty launched an era of overseas conquest, exploration, and trade. These efforts dominated Portugal's 15th and 16th centuries.

   The overseas empire and age of Discoveries began with Portugal's bold conquest in 1415 of the Moroccan city of Ceuta. One royal member of the 1415 expedition was young, 21-year-old Prince Henry, later known in history as "Prince Henry the Navigator." His part in the capture of Ceuta won Henry his knighthood and began Portugal's "Marvelous Century," during which the small kingdom was counted as a European and world power of consequence. Henry was the son of King João I and his English queen, Philippa of Lancaster, but he did not inherit the throne. Instead, he spent most of his life and his fortune, and that of the wealthy military Order of Christ, on various imperial ventures and on voyages of exploration down the African coast and into the Atlantic. While mythology has surrounded Henry's controversial role in the Discoveries, and this role has been exaggerated, there is no doubt that he played a vital part in the initiation of Portugal's first overseas empire and in encouraging exploration. He was naturally curious, had a sense of mission for Portugal, and was a strong leader. He also had wealth to expend; at least a third of the African voyages of the time were under his sponsorship. If Prince Henry himself knew little science, significant scientific advances in navigation were made in his day.

   What were Portugal's motives for this new imperial effort? The well-worn historical cliche of "God, Glory, and Gold" can only partly explain the motivation of a small kingdom with few natural resources and barely 1 million people, which was greatly outnumbered by the other powers it confronted. Among Portuguese objectives were the desire to exploit known North African trade routes and resources (gold, wheat, leather, weaponry, and other goods that were scarce in Iberia); the need to outflank the Muslim world in the Mediterranean by sailing around Africa, attacking Muslims en route; and the wish to ally with Christian kingdoms beyond Africa. This enterprise also involved a strategy of breaking the Venetian spice monopoly by trading directly with the East by means of discovering and exploiting a sea route around Africa to Asia. Besides the commercial motives, Portugal nurtured a strong crusading sense of Christian mission, and various classes in the kingdom saw an opportunity for fame and gain.

   By the time of Prince Henry's death in 1460, Portugal had gained control of the Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeiras, begun to colonize the Cape Verde Islands, failed to conquer the Canary Islands from Castile, captured various cities on Morocco's coast, and explored as far as Senegal, West Africa, down the African coast. By 1488, Bar-tolomeu Dias had rounded the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa and thereby discovered the way to the Indian Ocean.

   Portugal's largely coastal African empire and later its fragile Asian empire brought unexpected wealth but were purchased at a high price. Costs included wars of conquest and defense against rival powers, manning the far-flung navel and trade fleets and scattered castle-fortresses, and staffing its small but fierce armies, all of which entailed a loss of skills and population to maintain a scattered empire. Always short of capital, the monarchy became indebted to bankers. There were many defeats beginning in the 16th century at the hands of the larger imperial European monarchies (Spain, France, England, and Holland) and many attacks on Portugal and its strung-out empire. Typically, there was also the conflict that arose when a tenuously held world empire that rarely if ever paid its way demanded finance and manpower Portugal itself lacked.

   The first 80 years of the glorious imperial era, the golden age of Portugal's imperial power and world influence, was an African phase. During 1415-88, Portuguese navigators and explorers in small ships, some of them caravelas (caravels), explored the treacherous, disease-ridden coasts of Africa from Morocco to South Africa beyond the Cape of Good Hope. By the 1470s, the Portuguese had reached the Gulf of Guinea and, in the early 1480s, what is now Angola. Bartolomeu Dias's extraordinary voyage of 1487-88 to South Africa's coast and the edge of the Indian Ocean convinced Portugal that the best route to Asia's spices and Christians lay south, around the tip of southern Africa. Between 1488 and 1495, there was a hiatus caused in part by domestic conflict in Portugal, discussion of resources available for further conquests beyond Africa in Asia, and serious questions as to Portugal's capacity to reach beyond Africa. In 1495, King Manuel and his council decided to strike for Asia, whatever the consequences. In 1497-99, Vasco da Gama, under royal orders, made the epic two-year voyage that discovered the sea route to western India (Asia), outflanked Islam and Venice, and began Portugal's Asian empire. Within 50 years, Portugal had discovered and begun the exploitation of its largest colony, Brazil, and set up forts and trading posts from the Middle East (Aden and Ormuz), India (Calicut, Goa, etc.), Malacca, and Indonesia to Macau in China.

   By the 1550s, parts of its largely coastal, maritime trading post empire from Morocco to the Moluccas were under siege from various hostile forces, including Muslims, Christians, and Hindi. Although Moroccan forces expelled the Portuguese from the major coastal cities by 1550, the rival European monarchies of Castile (Spain), England, France, and later Holland began to seize portions of her undermanned, outgunned maritime empire.

   In 1580, Phillip II of Spain, whose mother was a Portuguese princess and who had a strong claim to the Portuguese throne, invaded Portugal, claimed the throne, and assumed control over the realm and, by extension, its African, Asian, and American empires. Phillip II filled the power vacuum that appeared in Portugal following the loss of most of Portugal's army and its young, headstrong King Sebastião in a disastrous war in Morocco. Sebastiao's death in battle (1578) and the lack of a natural heir to succeed him, as well as the weak leadership of the cardinal who briefly assumed control in Lisbon, led to a crisis that Spain's strong monarch exploited. As a result, Portugal lost its independence to Spain for a period of 60 years.

   Portugal under Spanish Rule, 1580-1640

   Despite the disastrous nature of Portugal's experience under Spanish rule, "The Babylonian Captivity" gave birth to modern Portuguese nationalism, its second overseas empire, and its modern alliance system with England. Although Spain allowed Portugal's weakened empire some autonomy, Spanish rule in Portugal became increasingly burdensome and unacceptable. Spain's ambitious imperial efforts in Europe and overseas had an impact on the Portuguese as Spain made greater and greater demands on its smaller neighbor for manpower and money. Portugal's culture underwent a controversial Castilianization, while its empire became hostage to Spain's fortunes. New rival powers England, France, and Holland attacked and took parts of Spain's empire and at the same time attacked Portugal's empire, as well as the mother country.

   Portugal's empire bore the consequences of being attacked by Spain's bitter enemies in what was a form of world war. Portuguese losses were heavy. By 1640, Portugal had lost most of its Moroccan cities as well as Ceylon, the Moluccas, and sections of India. With this, Portugal's Asian empire was gravely weakened. Only Goa, Damão, Diu, Bombay, Timor, and Macau remained and, in Brazil, Dutch forces occupied the northeast.

   On 1 December 1640, long commemorated as a national holiday, Portuguese rebels led by the duke of Braganza overthrew Spanish domination and took advantage of Spanish weakness following a more serious rebellion in Catalonia. Portugal regained independence from Spain, but at a price: dependence on foreign assistance to maintain its independence in the form of the renewal of the alliance with England.

   Restoration and Second Empire, 1640-1822

   Foreign affairs and empire dominated the restoration era and aftermath, and Portugal again briefly enjoyed greater European power and prestige. The Anglo-Portuguese Alliance was renewed and strengthened in treaties of 1642, 1654, and 1661, and Portugal's independence from Spain was underwritten by English pledges and armed assistance. In a Luso-Spanish treaty of 1668, Spain recognized Portugal's independence. Portugal's alliance with England was a marriage of convenience and necessity between two monarchies with important religious, cultural, and social differences. In return for legal, diplomatic, and trade privileges, as well as the use during war and peace of Portugal's great Lisbon harbor and colonial ports for England's navy, England pledged to protect Portugal and its scattered empire from any attack. The previously cited 17th-century alliance treaties were renewed later in the Treaty of Windsor, signed in London in 1899. On at least 10 different occasions after 1640, and during the next two centuries, England was central in helping prevent or repel foreign invasions of its ally, Portugal.

   Portugal's second empire (1640-1822) was largely Brazil-oriented. Portuguese colonization, exploitation of wealth, and emigration focused on Portuguese America, and imperial revenues came chiefly from Brazil. Between 1670 and 1740, Portugal's royalty and nobility grew wealthier on funds derived from Brazilian gold, diamonds, sugar, tobacco, and other crops, an enterprise supported by the Atlantic slave trade and the supply of African slave labor from West Africa and Angola. Visitors today can see where much of that wealth was invested: Portugal's rich legacy of monumental architecture. Meanwhile, the African slave trade took a toll in Angola and West Africa.

   In continental Portugal, absolutist monarchy dominated politics and government, and there was a struggle for position and power between the monarchy and other institutions, such as the Church and nobility. King José I's chief minister, usually known in history as the marquis of Pombal (ruled 1750-77), sharply suppressed the nobility and the

   Church (including the Inquisition, now a weak institution) and expelled the Jesuits. Pombal also made an effort to reduce economic dependence on England, Portugal's oldest ally. But his successes did not last much beyond his disputed time in office.

   Beginning in the late 18th century, the European-wide impact of the French Revolution and the rise of Napoleon placed Portugal in a vulnerable position. With the monarchy ineffectively led by an insane queen (Maria I) and her indecisive regent son (João VI), Portugal again became the focus of foreign ambition and aggression. With England unable to provide decisive assistance in time, France—with Spain's consent—invaded Portugal in 1807. As Napoleon's army under General Junot entered Lisbon meeting no resistance, Portugal's royal family fled on a British fleet to Brazil, where it remained in exile until 1821. In the meantime, Portugal's overseas empire was again under threat. There was a power vacuum as the monarch was absent, foreign armies were present, and new political notions of liberalism and constitutional monarchy were exciting various groups of citizens.

   Again England came to the rescue, this time in the form of the armies of the duke of Wellington. Three successive French invasions of Portugal were defeated and expelled, and Wellington succeeded in carrying the war against Napoleon across the Portuguese frontier into Spain. The presence of the English army, the new French-born liberal ideas, and the political vacuum combined to create revolutionary conditions. The French invasions and the peninsular wars, where Portuguese armed forces played a key role, marked the beginning of a new era in politics.

   Liberalism and Constitutional Monarchy, 1822-1910

   During 1807-22, foreign invasions, war, and civil strife over conflicting political ideas gravely damaged Portugal's commerce, economy, and novice industry. The next terrible blow was the loss of Brazil in 1822, the jewel in the imperial crown. Portugal's very independence seemed to be at risk. In vain, Portugal sought to resist Brazilian independence by force, but in 1825 it formally acknowledged Brazilian independence by treaty.

   Portugal's slow recovery from the destructive French invasions and the "war of independence" was complicated by civil strife over the form of constitutional monarchy that best suited Portugal. After struggles over these issues between 1820 and 1834, Portugal settled somewhat uncertainly into a moderate constitutional monarchy whose constitution (Charter of 1826) lent it strong political powers to exert a moderating influence between the executive and legislative branches of the government. It also featured a new upper middle class based on land ownership and commerce; a Catholic Church that, although still important, lived with reduced privileges and property; a largely African (third) empire to which Lisbon and Oporto devoted increasing spiritual and material resources, starting with the liberal imperial plans of 1836 and 1851, and continuing with the work of institutions like the Lisbon Society of Geography (established 1875); and a mass of rural peasants whose bonds to the land weakened after 1850 and who began to immigrate in increasing numbers to Brazil and North America.

   Chronic military intervention in national politics began in 19th-century Portugal. Such intervention, usually commencing with coups or pronunciamentos (military revolts), was a shortcut to the spoils of political office and could reflect popular discontent as well as the power of personalities. An early example of this was the 1817 golpe (coup) attempt of General Gomes Freire against British military rule in Portugal before the return of King João VI from Brazil. Except for a more stable period from 1851 to 1880, military intervention in politics, or the threat thereof, became a feature of the constitutional monarchy's political life, and it continued into the First Republic and the subsequent Estado Novo.

   Beginning with the Regeneration period (1851-80), Portugal experienced greater political stability and economic progress. Military intervention in politics virtually ceased; industrialization and construction of railroads, roads, and bridges proceeded; two political parties (Regenerators and Historicals) worked out a system of rotation in power; and leading intellectuals sparked a cultural revival in several fields. In 19th-century literature, there was a new golden age led by such figures as Alexandre Herculano (historian), Eça de Queirós (novelist), Almeida Garrett (playwright and essayist), Antero de Quental (poet), and Joaquim Oliveira Martins (historian and social scientist). In its third overseas empire, Portugal attempted to replace the slave trade and slavery with legitimate economic activities; to reform the administration; and to expand Portuguese holdings beyond coastal footholds deep into the African hinterlands in West, West Central, and East Africa. After 1841, to some extent, and especially after 1870, colonial affairs, combined with intense nationalism, pressures for economic profit in Africa, sentiment for national revival, and the drift of European affairs would make or break Lisbon governments.

   Beginning with the political crisis that arose out of the "English Ultimatum" affair of January 1890, the monarchy became discredtted and identified with the poorly functioning government, political parties splintered, and republicanism found more supporters. Portugal participated in the "Scramble for Africa," expanding its African holdings, but failed to annex territory connecting Angola and Mozambique. A growing foreign debt and state bankruptcy as of the early 1890s damaged the constitutional monarchy's reputation, despite the efforts of King Carlos in diplomacy, the renewal of the alliance in the Windsor Treaty of 1899, and the successful if bloody colonial wars in the empire (1880-97). Republicanism proclaimed that Portugal's weak economy and poor society were due to two historic institutions: the monarchy and the Catholic Church. A republic, its stalwarts claimed, would bring greater individual liberty; efficient, if more decentralized government; and a stronger colonial program while stripping the Church of its role in both society and education.

   As the monarchy lost support and republicans became more aggressive, violence increased in politics. King Carlos I and his heir Luís were murdered in Lisbon by anarchist-republicans on 1 February 1908. Following a military and civil insurrection and fighting between monarchist and republican forces, on 5 October 1910, King Manuel II fled Portugal and a republic was proclaimed.

   First Parliamentary Republic, 1910-26

   Portugal's first attempt at republican government was the most unstable, turbulent parliamentary republic in the history of 20th-century Western Europe. During a little under 16 years of the republic, there were 45 governments, a number of legislatures that did not complete normal terms, military coups, and only one president who completed his four-year term in office. Portuguese society was poorly prepared for this political experiment. Among the deadly legacies of the monarchy were a huge public debt; a largely rural, apolitical, and illiterate peasant population; conflict over the causes of the country's misfortunes; and lack of experience with a pluralist, democratic system.

   The republic had some talented leadership but lacked popular, institutional, and economic support. The 1911 republican constitution established only a limited democracy, as only a small portion of the adult male citizenry was eligible to vote. In a country where the majority was Catholic, the republic passed harshly anticlerical laws, and its institutions and supporters persecuted both the Church and its adherents. During its brief disjointed life, the First Republic drafted important reform plans in economic, social, and educational affairs; actively promoted development in the empire; and pursued a liberal, generous foreign policy. Following British requests for Portugal's assistance in World War I, Portugal entered the war on the Allied side in March 1916 and sent armies to Flanders and Portuguese Africa. Portugal's intervention in that conflict, however, was too costly in many respects, and the ultimate failure of the republic in part may be ascribed to Portugal's World War I activities.

   Unfortunately for the republic, its time coincided with new threats to Portugal's African possessions: World War I, social and political demands from various classes that could not be reconciled, excessive military intervention in politics, and, in particular, the worst economic and financial crisis Portugal had experienced since the 16th and 17th centuries. After the original Portuguese Republican Party (PRP, also known as the "Democrats") splintered into three warring groups in 1912, no true multiparty system emerged. The Democrats, except for only one or two elections, held an iron monopoly of electoral power, and political corruption became a major issue. As extreme right-wing dictatorships elsewhere in Europe began to take power in Italy (1922), neighboring Spain (1923), and Greece (1925), what scant popular support remained for the republic collapsed. Backed by a right-wing coalition of landowners from Alentejo, clergy, Coimbra University faculty and students, Catholic organizations, and big business, career military officers led by General Gomes da Costa executed a coup on 28 May 1926, turned out the last republican government, and established a military government.

   The Estado Novo (New State), 1926-74

   During the military phase (1926-32) of the Estado Novo, professional military officers, largely from the army, governed and administered Portugal and held key cabinet posts, but soon discovered that the military possessed no magic formula that could readily solve the problems inherited from the First Republic. Especially during the years 1926-31, the military dictatorship, even with its political repression of republican activities and institutions (military censorship of the press, political police action, and closure of the republic's rowdy parliament), was characterized by similar weaknesses: personalism and factionalism; military coups and political instability, including civil strife and loss of life; state debt and bankruptcy; and a weak economy. "Barracks parliamentarism" was not an acceptable alternative even to the "Nightmare Republic."

   Led by General Óscar Carmona, who had replaced and sent into exile General Gomes da Costa, the military dictatorship turned to a civilian expert in finance and economics to break the budget impasse and bring coherence to the disorganized system. Appointed minister of finance on 27 April 1928, the Coimbra University Law School professor of economics Antônio de Oliveira Salazar (1889-1970) first reformed finance, helped balance the budget, and then turned to other concerns as he garnered extraordinary governing powers. In 1930, he was appointed interim head of another key ministry (Colonies) and within a few years had become, in effect, a civilian dictator who, with the military hierarchy's support, provided the government with coherence, a program, and a set of policies.

   For nearly 40 years after he was appointed the first civilian prime minister in 1932, Salazar's personality dominated the government. Unlike extreme right-wing dictators elsewhere in Europe, Salazar was directly appointed by the army but was never endorsed by a popular political party, street militia, or voter base. The scholarly, reclusive former Coimbra University professor built up what became known after 1932 as the Estado Novo ("New State"), which at the time of its overthrow by another military coup in 1974, was the longest surviving authoritarian regime in Western Europe. The system of Salazar and the largely academic and technocratic ruling group he gathered in his cabinets was based on the central bureaucracy of the state, which was supported by the president of the republic—always a senior career military officer, General Óscar Carmona (1928-51), General Craveiro Lopes (1951-58), and Admiral Américo Tómaz (1958-74)—and the complicity of various institutions. These included a rubber-stamp legislature called the National Assembly (1935-74) and a political police known under various names: PVDE (1932-45), PIDE (1945-69),

   and DGS (1969-74). Other defenders of the Estado Novo security were paramilitary organizations such as the National Republican Guard (GNR); the Portuguese Legion (PL); and the Portuguese Youth [Movement]. In addition to censorship of the media, theater, and books, there was political repression and a deliberate policy of depoliticization. All political parties except for the approved movement of regime loyalists, the União Nacional or (National Union), were banned.

   The most vigorous and more popular period of the New State was 1932-44, when the basic structures were established. Never monolithic or entirely the work of one person (Salazar), the New State was constructed with the assistance of several dozen top associates who were mainly academics from law schools, some technocrats with specialized skills, and a handful of trusted career military officers. The 1933 Constitution declared Portugal to be a "unitary, corporative Republic," and pressures to restore the monarchy were resisted. Although some of the regime's followers were fascists and pseudofascists, many more were conservative Catholics, integralists, nationalists, and monarchists of different varieties, and even some reactionary republicans. If the New State was authoritarian, it was not totalitarian and, unlike fascism in Benito Mussolini's Italy or Adolf Hitler's Germany, it usually employed the minimum of violence necessary to defeat what remained a largely fractious, incoherent opposition.

   With the tumultuous Second Republic and the subsequent civil war in nearby Spain, the regime felt threatened and reinforced its defenses. During what Salazar rightly perceived as a time of foreign policy crisis for Portugal (1936-45), he assumed control of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. From there, he pursued four basic foreign policy objectives: supporting the Nationalist rebels of General Francisco Franco in the Spanish Civil War (1936-39) and concluding defense treaties with a triumphant Franco; ensuring that General Franco in an exhausted Spain did not enter World War II on the Axis side; maintaining Portuguese neutrality in World War II with a post-1942 tilt toward the Allies, including granting Britain and the United States use of bases in the Azores Islands; and preserving and protecting Portugal's Atlantic Islands and its extensive, if poor, overseas empire in Africa and Asia.

   During the middle years of the New State (1944-58), many key Salazar associates in government either died or resigned, and there was greater social unrest in the form of unprecedented strikes and clandestine Communist activities, intensified opposition, and new threatening international pressures on Portugal's overseas empire. During the earlier phase of the Cold War (1947-60), Portugal became a steadfast, if weak, member of the US-dominated North Atlantic Treaty Organization alliance and, in 1955, with American support, Portugal joined the United Nations (UN). Colonial affairs remained a central concern of the regime. As of 1939, Portugal was the third largest colonial power in the world and possessed territories in tropical Africa (Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau, and São Tomé and Príncipe Islands) and the remnants of its 16th-century empire in Asia (Goa, Damão, Diu, East Timor, and Macau). Beginning in the early 1950s, following the independence of India in 1947, Portugal resisted Indian pressures to decolonize Portuguese India and used police forces to discourage internal opposition in its Asian and African colonies.

   The later years of the New State (1958-68) witnessed the aging of the increasingly isolated but feared Salazar and new threats both at home and overseas. Although the regime easily overcame the brief oppositionist threat from rival presidential candidate General Humberto Delgado in the spring of 1958, new developments in the African and Asian empires imperiled the authoritarian system. In February 1961, oppositionists hijacked the Portuguese ocean liner Santa Maria and, in following weeks, African insurgents in northern Angola, although they failed to expel the Portuguese, gained worldwide media attention, discredited the New State, and began the 13-year colonial war. After thwarting a dissident military coup against his continued leadership, Salazar and his ruling group mobilized military repression in Angola and attempted to develop the African colonies at a faster pace in order to ensure Portuguese control. Meanwhile, the other European colonial powers (Britain, France, Belgium, and Spain) rapidly granted political independence to their African territories.

   At the time of Salazar's removal from power in September 1968, following a stroke, Portugal's efforts to maintain control over its colonies appeared to be successful. President Americo Tomás appointed Dr. Marcello Caetano as Salazar's successor as prime minister. While maintaining the New State's basic structures, and continuing the regime's essential colonial policy, Caetano attempted wider reforms in colonial administration and some devolution of power from Lisbon, as well as more freedom of expression in Lisbon. Still, a great deal of the budget was devoted to supporting the wars against the insurgencies in Africa. Meanwhile in Asia, Portuguese India had fallen when the Indian army invaded in December 1961. The loss of Goa was a psychological blow to the leadership of the New State, and of the Asian empire only East Timor and Macau remained.

   The Caetano years (1968-74) were but a hiatus between the waning Salazar era and a new regime. There was greater political freedom and rapid economic growth (5-6 percent annually to late 1973), but Caetano's government was unable to reform the old system thoroughly and refused to consider new methods either at home or in the empire. In the end, regime change came from junior officers of the professional military who organized the Armed Forces Movement (MFA) against the Caetano government. It was this group of several hundred officers, mainly in the army and navy, which engineered a largely bloodless coup in Lisbon on 25 April 1974. Their unexpected action brought down the 48-year-old New State and made possible the eventual establishment and consolidation of democratic governance in Portugal, as well as a reorientation of the country away from the Atlantic toward Europe.

   Revolution of Carnations, 1974-76

   Following successful military operations of the Armed Forces Movement against the Caetano government, Portugal experienced what became known as the "Revolution of Carnations." It so happened that during the rainy week of the military golpe, Lisbon flower shops were featuring carnations, and the revolutionaries and their supporters adopted the red carnation as the common symbol of the event, as well as of the new freedom from dictatorship. The MFA, whose leaders at first were mostly little-known majors and captains, proclaimed a three-fold program of change for the new Portugal: democracy; decolonization of the overseas empire, after ending the colonial wars; and developing a backward economy in the spirit of opportunity and equality. During the first 24 months after the coup, there was civil strife, some anarchy, and a power struggle. With the passing of the Estado Novo, public euphoria burst forth as the new provisional military government proclaimed the freedoms of speech, press, and assembly, and abolished censorship, the political police, the Portuguese Legion, Portuguese Youth, and other New State organizations, including the National Union. Scores of political parties were born and joined the senior political party, the Portuguese Community Party (PCP), and the Socialist Party (PS), founded shortly before the coup.

   Portugal's Revolution of Carnations went through several phases. There was an attempt to take control by radical leftists, including the PCP and its allies. This was thwarted by moderate officers in the army, as well as by the efforts of two political parties: the PS and the Social Democrats (PPD, later PSD). The first phase was from April to September 1974. Provisional president General Antonio Spínola, whose 1974 book Portugal and the Future had helped prepare public opinion for the coup, met irresistible leftist pressures. After Spinola's efforts to avoid rapid decolonization of the African empire failed, he resigned in September 1974. During the second phase, from September 1974 to March 1975, radical military officers gained control, but a coup attempt by General Spínola and his supporters in Lisbon in March 1975 failed and Spínola fled to Spain.

   In the third phase of the Revolution, March-November 1975, a strong leftist reaction followed. Farm workers occupied and "nationalized" 1.1 million hectares of farmland in the Alentejo province, and radical military officers in the provisional government ordered the nationalization of Portuguese banks (foreign banks were exempted), utilities, and major industries, or about 60 percent of the economic system. There were power struggles among various political parties — a total of 50 emerged—and in the streets there was civil strife among labor, military, and law enforcement groups. A constituent assembly, elected on 25 April 1975, in Portugal's first free elections since 1926, drafted a democratic constitution. The Council of the Revolution (CR), briefly a revolutionary military watchdog committee, was entrenched as part of the government under the constitution, until a later revision. During the chaotic year of 1975, about 30 persons were killed in political frays while unstable provisional governments came and went. On 25 November 1975, moderate military forces led by Colonel Ramalho Eanes, who later was twice elected president of the republic (1976 and 1981), defeated radical, leftist military groups' revolutionary conspiracies.

   In the meantime, Portugal's scattered overseas empire experienced a precipitous and unprepared decolonization. One by one, the former colonies were granted and accepted independence—Guinea-Bissau (September 1974), Cape Verde Islands (July 1975), and Mozambique (July 1975). Portugal offered to turn over Macau to the People's Republic of China, but the offer was refused then and later negotiations led to the establishment of a formal decolonization or hand-over date of 1999. But in two former colonies, the process of decolonization had tragic results.

   In Angola, decolonization negotiations were greatly complicated by the fact that there were three rival nationalist movements in a struggle for power. The January 1975 Alvor Agreement signed by Portugal and these three parties was not effectively implemented. A bloody civil war broke out in Angola in the spring of 1975 and, when Portuguese armed forces withdrew and declared that Angola was independent on 11 November 1975, the bloodshed only increased. Meanwhile, most of the white Portuguese settlers from Angola and Mozambique fled during the course of 1975. Together with African refugees, more than 600,000 of these retornados ("returned ones") went by ship and air to Portugal and thousands more to Namibia, South Africa, Brazil, Canada, and the United States.

   The second major decolonization disaster was in Portugal's colony of East Timor in the Indonesian archipelago. Portugal's capacity to supervise and control a peaceful transition to independence in this isolated, neglected colony was limited by the strength of giant Indonesia, distance from Lisbon, and Portugal's revolutionary disorder and inability to defend Timor. In early December 1975, before Portugal granted formal independence and as one party, FRETILIN, unilaterally declared East Timor's independence, Indonesia's armed forces invaded, conquered, and annexed East Timor. Indonesian occupation encountered East Timorese resistance, and a heavy loss of life followed. The East Timor question remained a contentious international issue in the UN, as well as in Lisbon and Jakarta, for more than 20 years following Indonesia's invasion and annexation of the former colony of Portugal. Major changes occurred, beginning in 1998, after Indonesia underwent a political revolution and allowed a referendum in East Timor to decide that territory's political future in August 1999. Most East Timorese chose independence, but Indonesian forces resisted that verdict until

   UN intervention in September 1999. Following UN rule for several years, East Timor attained full independence on 20 May 2002.

   Consolidation of Democracy, 1976-2000

   After several free elections and record voter turnouts between 25 April 1975 and June 1976, civil war was averted and Portugal's second democratic republic began to stabilize. The MFA was dissolved, the military were returned to the barracks, and increasingly elected civilians took over the government of the country. The 1976 Constitution was revised several times beginning in 1982 and 1989, in order to reempha-size the principle of free enterprise in the economy while much of the large, nationalized sector was privatized. In June 1976, General Ram-alho Eanes was elected the first constitutional president of the republic (five-year term), and he appointed socialist leader Dr. Mário Soares as prime minister of the first constitutional government.

   From 1976 to 1985, Portugal's new system featured a weak economy and finances, labor unrest, and administrative and political instability. The difficult consolidation of democratic governance was eased in part by the strong currency and gold reserves inherited from the Estado Novo, but Lisbon seemed unable to cope with high unemployment, new debt, the complex impact of the refugees from Africa, world recession, and the agitation of political parties. Four major parties emerged from the maelstrom of 1974-75, except for the Communist Party, all newly founded. They were, from left to right, the Communists (PCP); the Socialists (PS), who managed to dominate governments and the legislature but not win a majority in the Assembly of the Republic; the Social Democrats (PSD); and the Christian Democrats (CDS). During this period, the annual growth rate was low (l-2 percent), and the nationalized sector of the economy stagnated.

   Enhanced economic growth, greater political stability, and more effective central government as of 1985, and especially 1987, were due to several developments. In 1977, Portugal applied for membership in the European Economic Community (EEC), now the European Union (EU) since 1993. In January 1986, with Spain, Portugal was granted membership, and economic and financial progress in the intervening years has been significantly influenced by the comparatively large investment, loans, technology, advice, and other assistance from the EEC. Low unemployment, high annual growth rates (5 percent), and moderate inflation have also been induced by the new political and administrative stability in Lisbon. Led by Prime Minister Cavaco Silva, an economist who was trained abroad, the PSD's strong organization, management, and electoral support since 1985 have assisted in encouraging economic recovery and development. In 1985, the PSD turned the PS out of office and won the general election, although they did not have an absolute majority of assembly seats. In 1986, Mário Soares was elected president of the republic, the first civilian to hold that office since the First Republic. In the elections of 1987 and 1991, however, the PSD was returned to power with clear majorities of over 50 percent of the vote.

   Although the PSD received 50.4 percent of the vote in the 1991 parliamentary elections and held a 42-seat majority in the Assembly of the Republic, the party began to lose public support following media revelations regarding corruption and complaints about Prime Minister Cavaco Silva's perceived arrogant leadership style. President Mário Soares voiced criticism of the PSD's seemingly untouchable majority and described a "tyranny of the majority." Economic growth slowed down. In the parliamentary elections of 1995 and the presidential election of 1996, the PSD's dominance ended for the time being. Prime Minister Antônio Guterres came to office when the PS won the October 1995 elections, and in the subsequent presidential contest, in January 1996, socialist Jorge Sampaio, the former mayor of Lisbon, was elected president of the republic, thus defeating Cavaco Silva's bid. Young and popular, Guterres moved the PS toward the center of the political spectrum. Under Guterres, the PS won the October 1999 parliamentary elections. The PS defeated the PSD but did not manage to win a clear, working majority of seats, and this made the PS dependent upon alliances with smaller parties, including the PCP.

   In the local elections in December 2001, the PSD's criticism of PS's heavy public spending allowed the PSD to take control of the key cities of Lisbon, Oporto, and Coimbra. Guterres resigned, and parliamentary elections were brought forward from 2004 to March 2002. The PSD won a narrow victory with 40 percent of the votes, and Jose Durão Barroso became prime minister. Having failed to win a majority of the seats in parliament forced the PSD to govern in coalition with the right-wing Popular Party (PP) led by Paulo Portas. Durão Barroso set about reducing government spending by cutting the budgets of local authorities, freezing civil service hiring, and reviving the economy by accelerating privatization of state-owned enterprises. These measures provoked a 24-hour strike by public-sector workers. Durão Barroso reacted with vows to press ahead with budget-cutting measures and imposed a wage freeze on all employees earning more than €1,000, which affected more than one-half of Portugal's work force.

   In June 2004, Durão Barroso was invited by Romano Prodi to succeed him as president of the European Commission. Durão Barroso accepted and resigned the prime ministership in July. Pedro Santana Lopes, the leader of the PSD, became prime minister. Already unpopular at the time of Durão Barroso's resignation, the PSD-led government became increasingly unpopular under Santana Lopes. A month-long delay in the start of the school year and confusion over his plan to cut taxes and raise public-sector salaries, eroded confidence even more. By November, Santana Lopes's government was so unpopular that President Jorge Sampaio was obliged to dissolve parliament and hold new elections, two years ahead of schedule.

   Parliamentary elections were held on 20 February 2005. The PS, which had promised the electorate disciplined and transparent governance, educational reform, the alleviation of poverty, and a boost in employment, won 45 percent of the vote and the majority of the seats in parliament. The leader of the PS, José Sôcrates became prime minister on 12 March 2005. In the regularly scheduled presidential elections held on 6 January 2006, the former leader of the PSD and prime minister, Aníbal Cavaco Silva, won a narrow victory and became president on 9 March 2006. With a mass protest, public teachers' strike, and street demonstrations in March 2008, Portugal's media, educational, and social systems experienced more severe pressures. With the spreading global recession beginning in September 2008, Portugal's economic and financial systems became more troubled.

    Contemporary Portugal

   Owing to its geographic location on the southwestern most edge of continental Europe, Portugal has been historically in but not of Europe. Almost from the beginning of its existence in the 12th century as an independent monarchy, Portugal turned its back on Europe and oriented itself toward the Atlantic Ocean. After carving out a Christian kingdom on the western portion of the Iberian peninsula, Portuguese kings gradually built and maintained a vast seaborne global empire that became central to the way Portugal understood its individuality as a nation-state. While the creation of this empire allows Portugal to claim an unusual number of "firsts" or distinctions in world and Western history, it also retarded Portugal's economic, social, and political development. It can be reasonably argued that the Revolution of 25 April 1974 was the most decisive event in Portugal's long history because it finally ended Portugal's oceanic mission and view of itself as an imperial power. After the 1974 Revolution, Portugal turned away from its global mission and vigorously reoriented itself toward Europe. Contemporary Portugal is now both in and of Europe.

   The turn toward Europe began immediately after 25 April 1974. Portugal granted independence to its African colonies in 1975. It was admitted to the European Council and took the first steps toward accession to the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1976. On 28 March 1977, the Portuguese government officially applied for EEC membership. Because of Portugal's economic and social backwardness, which would require vast sums of EEC money to overcome, negotiations for membership were long and difficult. Finally, a treaty of accession was signed on 12 June 1985. Portugal officially joined the EEC (the European Union [EU] since 1993) on 1 January 1986. Since becoming a full-fledged member of the EU, Portugal has been steadily overcoming the economic and social underdevelopment caused by its imperial past and is becoming more like the rest of Europe.

   Membership in the EU has speeded up the structural transformation of Portugal's economy, which actually began during the Estado Novo. Investments made by the Estado Novo in Portugal's economy began to shift employment out of the agricultural sector, which, in 1950, accounted for 50 percent of Portugal's economically active population. Today, only 10 percent of the economically active population is employed in the agricultural sector (the highest among EU member states); 30 percent in the industrial sector (also the highest among EU member states); and 60 percent in the service sector (the lowest among EU member states). The economically active population numbers about 5,000,000 employed, 56 percent of whom are women. Women workers are the majority of the workforce in the agricultural and service sectors (the highest among the EU member states). The expansion of the service sector has been primarily in health care and education. Portugal has had the lowest unemployment rates among EU member states, with the overall rate never being more than 10 percent of the active population. Since joining the EU, the number of employers increased from 2.6 percent to 5.8 percent of the active population; self-employed from 16 to 19 percent; and employees from 65 to 70 percent. Twenty-six percent of the employers are women. Unemployment tends to hit younger workers in industry and transportation, women employed in domestic service, workers on short-term contracts, and poorly educated workers. Salaried workers earn only 63 percent of the EU average, and hourly workers only one-third to one-half of that earned by their EU counterparts. Despite having had the second highest growth of gross national product (GNP) per inhabitant (after Ireland) among EU member states, the above data suggest that while much has been accomplished in terms of modernizing the Portuguese economy, much remains to be done to bring Portugal's economy up to the level of the "average" EU member state.

   Membership in the EU has also speeded up changes in Portuguese society. Over the last 30 years, coastalization and urbanization have intensified. Fully 50 percent of Portuguese live in the coastal urban conurbations of Lisbon, Oporto, Braga, Aveiro, Coimbra, Viseu, Évora, and Faro. The Portuguese population is one of the oldest among EU member states (17.3 percent are 65 years of age or older) thanks to a considerable increase in life expectancy at birth (77.87 years for the total population, 74.6 years for men, 81.36 years for women) and one of the lowest birthrates (10.59 births/1,000) in Europe. Family size averages 2.8 persons per household, with the strict nuclear family (one or two generations) in which both parents work being typical. Common law marriages, cohabitating couples, and single-parent households are more and more common. The divorce rate has also increased. "Youth Culture" has developed. The young have their own meeting places, leisure-time activities, and nightlife (bars, clubs, and discos).

   All Portuguese citizens, whether they have contributed or not, have a right to an old-age pension, invalidity benefits, widowed persons' pension, as well as payments for disabilities, children, unemployment, and large families. There is a national minimum wage (€385 per month), which is low by EU standards. The rapid aging of Portugal's population has changed the ratio of contributors to pensioners to 1.7, the lowest in the EU. This has created deficits in Portugal's social security fund.

   The adult literacy rate is about 92 percent. Illiteracy is still found among the elderly. Although universal compulsory education up to grade 9 was achieved in 1980, only 21.2 percent of the population aged 25-64 had undergone secondary education, compared to an EU average of 65.7 percent. Portugal's higher education system currently consists of 14 state universities and 14 private universities, 15 state polytechnic institutions, one Catholic university, and one military academy. All in all, Portugal spends a greater percentage of its state budget on education than most EU member states. Despite this high level of expenditure, the troubled Portuguese education system does not perform well. Early leaving and repetition rates are among the highest among EU member states.

   After the Revolution of 25 April 1974, Portugal created a National Health Service, which today consists of 221 hospitals and 512 medical centers employing 33,751 doctors and 41,799 nurses. Like its education system, Portugal's medical system is inefficient. There are long waiting lists for appointments with specialists and for surgical procedures.

   Structural changes in Portugal's economy and society mean that social life in Portugal is not too different from that in other EU member states. A mass consumption society has been created. Televisions, telephones, refrigerators, cars, music equipment, mobile phones, and personal computers are commonplace. Sixty percent of Portuguese households possess at least one automobile, and 65 percent of Portuguese own their own home. Portuguese citizens are more aware of their legal rights than ever before. This has resulted in a trebling of the number of legal proceeding since 1960 and an eight-fold increase in the number of lawyers. In general, Portuguese society has become more permissive and secular; the Catholic Church and the armed forces are much less influential than in the past. Portugal's population is also much more culturally, religiously, and ethnically diverse, a consequence of the coming to Portugal of hundreds of thousands of immigrants, mainly from former African colonies.

   Portuguese are becoming more cosmopolitan and sophisticated through the impact of world media, the Internet, and the World Wide Web. A prime case in point came in the summer and early fall of 1999, with the extraordinary events in East Timor and the massive Portuguese popular responses. An internationally monitored referendum in East Timor, Portugal's former colony in the Indonesian archipelago and under Indonesian occupation from late 1975 to summer 1999, resulted in a vote of 78.5 percent for rejecting integration with Indonesia and for independence. When Indonesian prointegration gangs, aided by the Indonesian military, responded to the referendum with widespread brutality and threatened to reverse the verdict of the referendum, there was a spontaneous popular outpouring of protest in the cities and towns of Portugal. An avalanche of Portuguese e-mail fell on leaders and groups in the UN and in certain countries around the world as Portugal's diplomats, perhaps to compensate for the weak initial response to Indonesian armed aggression in 1975, called for the protection of East Timor as an independent state and for UN intervention to thwart Indonesian action. Using global communications networks, the Portuguese were able to mobilize UN and world public opinion against Indonesian actions and aided the eventual independence of East Timor on 20 May 2002.

   From the Revolution of 25 April 1974 until the 1990s, Portugal had a large number of political parties, one of the largest Communist parties in western Europe, frequent elections, and endemic cabinet instability. Since the 1990s, the number of political parties has been dramatically reduced and cabinet stability increased. Gradually, the Portuguese electorate has concentrated around two larger parties, the right-of-center Social Democrats (PSD) and the left-of-center Socialist (PS). In the 1980s, these two parties together garnered 65 percent of the vote and 70 percent of the seats in parliament. In 2005, these percentages had risen to 74 percent and 85 percent, respectively. In effect, Portugal is currently a two-party dominant system in which the two largest parties — PS and PSD—alternate in and out of power, not unlike the rotation of the two main political parties (the Regenerators and the Historicals) during the last decades (1850s to 1880s) of the liberal constitutional monarchy. As Portugal's democracy has consolidated, turnout rates for the eligible electorate have declined. In the 1970s, turnout was 85 percent. In Portugal's most recent parliamentary election (2005), turnout had fallen to 65 percent of the eligible electorate.

   Portugal has benefited greatly from membership in the EU, and whatever doubts remain about the price paid for membership, no Portuguese government in the near future can afford to sever this connection. The vast majority of Portuguese citizens see membership in the EU as a "good thing" and strongly believe that Portugal has benefited from membership. Only the Communist Party opposed membership because it reduces national sovereignty, serves the interests of capitalists not workers, and suffers from a democratic deficit. Despite the high level of support for the EU, Portuguese voters are increasingly not voting in elections for the European Parliament, however. Turnout for European Parliament elections fell from 40 percent of the eligible electorate in the 1999 elections to 38 percent in the 2004 elections.

   In sum, Portugal's turn toward Europe has done much to overcome its backwardness. However, despite the economic, social, and political progress made since 1986, Portugal has a long way to go before it can claim to be on a par with the level found even in Spain, much less the rest of western Europe. As Portugal struggles to move from underde-velopment, especially in the rural areas away from the coast, it must keep in mind the perils of too rapid modern development, which could damage two of its most precious assets: its scenery and environment. The growth and future prosperity of the economy will depend on the degree to which the government and the private sector will remain stewards of clean air, soil, water, and other finite resources on which the tourism industry depends and on which Portugal's world image as a unique place to visit rests. Currently, Portugal is investing heavily in renewable energy from solar, wind, and wave power in order to account for about 50 percent of its electricity needs by 2010. Portugal opened the world's largest solar power plant and the world's first commercial wave power farm in 2006.

   An American documentary film on Portugal produced in the 1970s described this little country as having "a Past in Search of a Future." In the years after the Revolution of 25 April 1974, it could be said that Portugal is now living in "a Present in Search of a Future." Increasingly, that future lies in Europe as an active and productive member of the EU.

Historical dictionary of Portugal > Historical Portugal
9 retentissement

retentissement [ʀ(ə)tɑ̃tismɑ̃]

masculine noun

a. ( = répercussion) repercussion

b. ( = éclat) cette nouvelle eut un grand retentissement dans l'opinion this piece of news created a considerable stir in public opinion

• l'affaire a eu un énorme retentissement médiatique the affair created a media sensation

* * *
ʀ(ə)tɑ̃tismɑ̃
nom masculin

1) ( répercussions) effect; (d'artiste, œuvre) impact

2) ( succès) sensation

avoir un (grand) retentissement — to cause a (great) sensation

* * *
ʀ(ə)tɑ̃tismɑ̃ nm
(= retombées) repercussions pl impact

* * *

retentissement nm

1 ( bruit) (de pas, voix, d'instrument) ringing; (de tonnerre, canon) boom;

2 ( répercussions) effect (sur on); (d'artiste, d'œuvre) impact (sur on);

3 ( succès) sensation; avoir un (grand) retentissement to cause a (great) sensation.

[rətɑ̃tismɑ̃] nom masculin

1. [contrecoup] repercussion

2. [impact] effect, impact

le retentissement dans l'opinion publique a été considérable/nul there was considerable/no effect on public opinion

cette déclaration devrait avoir un certain retentissement this statement should create quite a stir

3. (littéraire) [bruit] ringing, resounding

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > retentissement
10 escandalizar

v.

to scandalize, to shock.

* * *

escandalizar

Conjugation model [ REALIZAR], like realizar

► verbo transitivo

1 to scandalize, shock

■ el crimen escandalizó al público the crime scandalized the public

► verbo intransitivo

1 to make a racket, make a fuss, make a din

► verbo pronominal escandalizarse

1 to be shocked (de/por, at), be scandalized (de/por, by)

■ se escandalizaron por la película they were scandalized by the film

* * *

verb

to shock, scandalize

- escandalizarse

* * *

1.

VT to scandalize, shock

2.

VI to make a fuss, create a scene

3.

See:

escandalizarse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo to shock

vas a escandalizar a tus padres — your parents will be shocked
2.
escandalizar vi

a) ( causar escándalo) to shock

b) (fam) ( armar jaleo) to make a row o racket (colloq)
3.
escandalizarse v pron to be shocked

* * *

= outrage + Posesivo + every fibre.

Ex. And yet the thought of what he was being asked to do to salvage the jeopardized budget outraged his every fiber.

----

* escandalizarse = throw + Posesivo + arms up in horror.

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo to shock

vas a escandalizar a tus padres — your parents will be shocked
2.
escandalizar vi

a) ( causar escándalo) to shock

b) (fam) ( armar jaleo) to make a row o racket (colloq)
3.
escandalizarse v pron to be shocked

* * *

= outrage + Posesivo + every fibre.

Ex: And yet the thought of what he was being asked to do to salvage the jeopardized budget outraged his every fiber.

* escandalizarse = throw + Posesivo + arms up in horror.

* * *

escandalizar [A4 ]

vt

to shock

escandalizó a todos los presentes con la ropa que llevaba he shocked o scandalized everyone there with the clothes he wore

vas a escandalizar a tus padres con esas palabrotas your parents will be shocked to hear you use language like that

■ escandalizar

vi

1 (causar escándalo) to shock

le gusta escandalizar she likes to shock people, she likes to shock

2 ( fam) (armar jaleo) to make a row o racket o ( AmE) ruckus ( colloq)

■ escandalizarse

v pron

to be shocked

se escandalizó de que vivieran juntos sin casarse he was shocked o scandalized that they were living together without being married

se escandalizó cuando le dijeron el precio he was horrified when they told him the price

* * *

escandalizar ( conjugate escandalizar) verbo transitivo/intransitivo
to shock
escandalizarse verbo pronominal
to be shocked
escandalizar
I verbo transitivo to shock
II verbo intransitivo to shock, offend, make a racket
' escandalizar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
chocar
English:
scandalize
- shock
- outrage

* * *

escandalizar

♦ vt

to scandalize, to shock;

logra escandalizar a todos con las cosas que dice he manages to shock everyone with the things he says;

casos de corrupción que escandalizan a la opinión pública cases of corruption which scandalize o shock public opinion

♦ vi
[alborotar] to make a fuss
♦ See also the pronominal verb escandalizarse

* * *

escandalizar

v/t shock, scandalize

* * *

escandalizar {21} vt

: to shock, to scandalize

escandalizar vi

: to make a fuss

♦ See also the reflexive verb escandalizarse

* * *

escandalizar vb to shock

Spanish-English dictionary > escandalizar
11 PR

abbr. Mktg

public relations: the presentation of an organization and its activities to target audiences with the goal of gaining awareness and understanding, influencing public opinion, generating support, and developing trust and cooperation. Public relations programs work to create and maintain a positive corporate image and enhance an organization’s reputation. The work of a public relations department includes research into current perceptions of the organization, the production of publicity material, the organization of events and sponsorship programs, and the evaluation of responses to these activities. Target audiences include the media, government bodies, customers and suppliers, investors, the wider community, or an organization’s own employees. Public relations practice originated in the United States in the mid-19th century. Public relations forms part of an organization’s overall external communication strategy.

The ultimate business dictionary > PR
12 produce

1. noun
Produkte Pl.; Erzeugnisse Pl.

‘produce of Spain’ — "spanisches Erzeugnis"
2. transitive verb
1) (bring forward) erbringen [Beweis]; vorlegen [Beweismaterial]; beibringen [Zeugen]; geben [Erklärung]; vorzeigen [Pass, Fahrkarte, Papiere]; herausholen [Brieftasche, Portemonnaie, Pistole]

produce something from one's pocket — etwas aus der Tasche ziehen

he produced a few coins from his pocket — er holte einige Münzen aus seiner Tasche

she produced a gun from her pocket — sie zog einen Revolver aus ihrer Tasche

2) produzieren [Show, Film]; inszenieren [Theaterstück, Hörspiel, Fernsehspiel]; herausgeben [Schallplatte, Buch]

well-produced — gut gemacht [Film, Theaterstück, Programm]

3) (manufacture) herstellen; zubereiten [Mahlzeit]; (in nature; Agric.) produzieren

4) (create) schreiben [Roman, Gedichte, Artikel, Aufsatz, Symphonie]; schaffen [Gemälde, Skulptur, Meisterwerk]; aufstellen [Theorie]

5) (cause) hervorrufen; bewirken [Änderung]

6) (bring into being) erzeugen; führen zu [Situation, Lage, Zustände]

7) (yield) erzeugen [Ware, Produkt]; geben [Milch]; tragen [Wolle]; legen [Eier]; liefern [Ernte]; fördern [Metall, Kohle]; abwerfen [Ertrag, Gewinn]; hervorbringen [Dichter, Denker, Künstler]; führen zu [Resultat]

8) (bear) gebären; [Säugetier:] werfen; [Vogel, Reptil:] legen [Eier]; [Fisch, Insekt:] ablegen [Eier]; [Baum, Blume:] tragen [Früchte, Blüten]; entwickeln [Triebe]; bilden [Keime]

* * *
1. [prə'dju:s] verb
1) (to bring out: She produced a letter from her pocket.) hervorholen

2) (to give birth to: A cow produces one or two calves a year.) erzeugen

3) (to cause: His joke produced a shriek of laughter from the children.) bewirken

4) (to make or manufacture: The factory produces furniture.) produzieren

5) (to give or yield: The country produces enough food for the population.) produzieren

6) (to arrange and prepare (a theatre performance, film, television programme etc): The play was produced by Henry Dobson.) produzieren, inszenieren
2. ['prodju:s] noun
(something that is produced, especially crops, eggs, milk etc from farms: agricultural/farm produce.) das Produkt

- academic.ru/58165/producer">producer
- product
- production
- productive
- productivity
* * *

pro·duce

I. vt

[prəˈdju:s, AM -ˈdu:s]

1. (make)

▪ to \produce sth etw herstellen [o produzieren]

to \produce antibodies/red blood cells Antikörper/rote Blutkörperchen produzieren

to \produce coal/oil Kohle/Erdöl fördern

to \produce electricity Strom erzeugen

to \produce ideas/thoughts Ideen/Gedanken entwickeln

to \produce an illusion eine falsche Vorstellung erwecken

to \produce a meal eine Mahlzeit zubereiten

to \produce noise Lärm verursachen

to \produce a novel/report einen Roman/Bericht schreiben [o verfassen]

to \produce an odour einen Geruch absondern

to \produce a painting/a sculpture ein Gemälde/eine Skulptur schaffen

to \produce a shadow einen Schatten werfen

to \produce a state of hypnosis einen Hypnosezustand herbeiführen

to \produce static/sparks atmosphärische Störungen/Funken verursachen [o hervorrufen]

to \produce wheat Weizen produzieren

2. (bring about)

▪ to \produce sth etw bewirken [o hervorrufen]

to \produce a change eine Änderung bewirken

to \produce an echo ein Echo hervorrufen

to \produce an effect eine Wirkung erzielen

to \produce hysteria/uncertainty Hysterie/Unsicherheit hervorrufen

to \produce profits/revenue Gewinne/Erträge erzielen [o einbringen]

to \produce results zu Ergebnissen führen

to \produce a shift in public opinion die öffentliche Meinung ändern

3. ZOOL (give birth to)

▪ to \produce sb/sth jdn/etw zur Welt bringen

to \produce kittens/puppies/young [Katzen]junge/Welpen/Junge bekommen

to \produce offspring Nachwuchs bekommen, für Nachwuchs sorgen hum

4. FILM, MUS

▪ to \produce sth film, programme etw produzieren; THEAT play, opera etw inszenieren

to \produce top artists Spitzenkünstler/Spitzenkünstlerinnen produzieren

to \produce a CD/record eine CD/Schallplatte produzieren

5. (show)

▪ to \produce sth etw hervorholen

to \produce a gun/a knife/a weapon eine Pistole/ein Messer/eine Waffe ziehen

to \produce identification/one's passport seinen Ausweis/Pass zeigen

to \produce a present ein Geschenk hervorzaubern

to \produce a receipt eine Quittung vorlegen

6. LAW

to \produce an alibi/a witness ein Alibi/einen Zeugen/eine Zeugin beibringen

to \produce evidence/proof den Beweis/Nachweis erbringen

II. vi

[prəˈdju:s, AM -ˈdu:s]

1. (bring results) Ergebnisse erzielen; ECON einen Gewinn erwirtschaften

2. (give output) produzieren; mine fördern

3. (be fertile) humans Nachwuchs bekommen; plant Früchte tragen; land ertragreich sein

4. FILM einen Film produzieren; THEAT ein Stück inszenieren

III. n

[ˈprɒdju:s, AM ˈprɑ:du:s, ˈproʊ-]

no pl

1. AGR Erzeugnisse pl, Produkte pl

dairy \produce Milchprodukte pl, Molkereiprodukte pl

French \produce [or \produce of France] französische Erzeugnisse

2. AM (fruit and vegetables) Obst nt und Gemüse nt

IV. n

[ˈprɒdju:s, AM ˈprɑ:du:s, ˈproʊ-]

modifier AM (market, order, purveyor) Obst- und Gemüse-

\produce section Obst- und Gemüseabteilung f

* * *
['prɒdjuːs]
1. n no pl (AGR)
Produkt(e pl), Erzeugnis(se) nt(pl)
Italian produce, produce of Italy — italienisches Erzeugnis

the produce of the soil — die Bodenprodukte or -erzeugnisse pl

2. vt
[prə'djuːs]
1) (= yield) produzieren; (IND) produzieren, herstellen; electricity, energy, heat erzeugen; crop abwerfen; coal fördern, produzieren; (= create) book, article, essay schreiben; painting, sculpture anfertigen; ideas, novel etc, masterpiece hervorbringen; interest, return on capital bringen, abwerfen; meal machen, herstellen

the sort of environment that produces criminal types —

to produce offspring ( hum : people ) — Junge bekommen Nachwuchs bekommen

to be well produced — gut gemacht sein; (goods also) gut gearbeitet sein

hopefully he can produce the goods (fig inf) — hoffentlich bringt er es auch (inf)

2) (= bring forward, show) gift, wallet etc hervorholen (from, out of aus); pistol ziehen (from, out of aus); proof, evidence liefern, beibringen; results liefern; effect erzielen; witness beibringen; ticket, documents vorzeigen

she managed to produce something special for dinner — es gelang ihr, zum Abendessen etwas Besonderes auf den Tisch zu bringen

I can't produce it out of thin air — ich kann es doch nicht aus dem Nichts hervorzaubern or aus dem Ärmel schütteln (inf)

if we don't produce results soon —

he produced an incredible backhand — ihm gelang ein unglaublicher Rückhandschlag

he produced a sudden burst of speed — er rannte plötzlich kurz los

3) play inszenieren; film produzieren

who's producing you? — wer ist Ihr Regisseur?

4) (= cause) famine, bitterness, impression, interest etc hervorrufen; spark erzeugen

5) (MATH) line verlängern

3. vi
[prə'djuːs]
1) (THEAT) das/ein Stück inszenieren; (FILM) den/einen Film produzieren

2) (factory, mine) produzieren; (land) Ertrag bringen; (tree) tragen

this cow hasn't produced for years (produced calf) (produced milk) when is she going to produce? (hum) — diese Kuh hat jahrelang nicht mehr gekalbt diese Kuh hat jahrelang keine Milch mehr gegeben wann ist es denn so weit?

it's about time that you produced (hum) — es wird bald Zeit, dass ihr mal an Nachwuchs denkt

* * *

produce [prəˈdjuːs; US auch -ˈduːs]

A v/t

1. a) Künstler etc hervorbringen, Werke etc schaffen

b) hervorrufen, bewirken, eine Wirkung erzielen:

produce a smile ein Lächeln hervorrufen

2. Waren etc produzieren, erzeugen, herstellen, fertigen, ein Buch herausbringen oder verfassen, Erz, Kohle etc gewinnen, fördern

3. a) BOT Früchte etc hervorbringen

b) ZOOL Junge werfen

c) hum ein Kind etc bekommen

4. WIRTSCH einen Gewinn etc (ein)bringen, (-)tragen, abwerfen, erzielen:

capital produces interest Kapital trägt oder bringt Zinsen

5. heraus-, hervorziehen, -holen ( alle:

from aus der Tasche etc)

6. seinen Ausweis etc (vor)zeigen, vorlegen

7. Zeugen, Beweise etc beibringen

8. Gründe vorbringen, anführen

9. einen Film produzieren, herausbringen, ein Theaterstück, Hör- oder Fernsehspiel

a) aufführen

b) einstudieren, inszenieren, THEAT, RADIO Br Regie führen bei:

produce o.s. fig sich produzieren

10. einen Schauspieler etc herausbringen

11. MATH eine Linie verlängern

B v/i

1. produzieren:

the factory has not yet begun to produce die Fabrik hat die Produktion noch nicht aufgenommen

2. a) BOT (Früchte) tragen

b) ZOOL werfen

c) hum Nachwuchs bekommen

3. WIRTSCH Gewinn(e) abwerfen

C s produce [ˈprɒdjuːs; US ˈprɑduːs]

1. (Boden-, Landes) Produkte pl, (Natur) Erzeugnis(se) n(pl):

produce exchange Produktenbörse f;

produce market Waren-, Produktenmarkt m

2. Ertrag m, Gewinn m

3. TECH (Erz)Ausbeute f

4. TECH Leistung f, Ausstoß m

prod abk

1. produce (produced)

2. product

* * *
1. noun
Produkte Pl.; Erzeugnisse Pl.

‘produce of Spain’ — "spanisches Erzeugnis"
2. transitive verb
1) (bring forward) erbringen [Beweis]; vorlegen [Beweismaterial]; beibringen [Zeugen]; geben [Erklärung]; vorzeigen [Pass, Fahrkarte, Papiere]; herausholen [Brieftasche, Portemonnaie, Pistole]

produce something from one's pocket — etwas aus der Tasche ziehen

he produced a few coins from his pocket — er holte einige Münzen aus seiner Tasche

she produced a gun from her pocket — sie zog einen Revolver aus ihrer Tasche

2) produzieren [Show, Film]; inszenieren [Theaterstück, Hörspiel, Fernsehspiel]; herausgeben [Schallplatte, Buch]

well-produced — gut gemacht [Film, Theaterstück, Programm]

3) (manufacture) herstellen; zubereiten [Mahlzeit]; (in nature; Agric.) produzieren

4) (create) schreiben [Roman, Gedichte, Artikel, Aufsatz, Symphonie]; schaffen [Gemälde, Skulptur, Meisterwerk]; aufstellen [Theorie]

5) (cause) hervorrufen; bewirken [Änderung]

6) (bring into being) erzeugen; führen zu [Situation, Lage, Zustände]

7) (yield) erzeugen [Ware, Produkt]; geben [Milch]; tragen [Wolle]; legen [Eier]; liefern [Ernte]; fördern [Metall, Kohle]; abwerfen [Ertrag, Gewinn]; hervorbringen [Dichter, Denker, Künstler]; führen zu [Resultat]

8) (bear) gebären; [Säugetier:] werfen; [Vogel, Reptil:] legen [Eier]; [Fisch, Insekt:] ablegen [Eier]; [Baum, Blume:] tragen [Früchte, Blüten]; entwickeln [Triebe]; bilden [Keime]

* * *

n.

Gewachs -¨e n. v.

erzeugen v.

herstellen v.

hervorholen v.

produzieren v.

vorweisen v.

vorzeigen v.

English-german dictionary > produce
13 set

1.
[set]transitive verb, -tt-, set

1) (put) (horizontally) legen; (vertically) stellen

set somebody ashore — jemanden an Land setzen

set the proposals before the board — (fig.) dem Vorstand die Vorschläge unterbreiten od. vorlegen

set something against something — (balance) etwas einer Sache (Dat.) gegenüberstellen

2) (apply) setzen

set pen to paper — etwas zu Papier bringen

set a match to something — ein Streichholz an etwas (Akk.) halten

3) (adjust) einstellen (at auf + Akk.); aufstellen [Falle]; stellen [Uhr]

set the alarm for 5.30 a.m. — den Wecker auf 5.30 Uhr stellen

4)

be set — (have location of action) [Buch, Film:] spielen

set a book/film in Australia — ein Buch/einen Film in Australien spielen lassen

5) (specify) festlegen [Bedingungen]; festsetzen [Termin, Ort usw.] ( for auf + Akk.)

set the interest rate at 10 % — die Zinsen auf 10 % festsetzen

set limits — Grenzen setzen

6) (bring into specified state)

set something/things right or in order — etwas/die Dinge in Ordnung bringen

set somebody laughing — jemanden zum Lachen bringen

set a dog barking — einen Hund anschlagen lassen

set somebody thinking that... — jemanden auf den Gedanken bringen, dass...

the news set me thinking — die Nachricht machte mich nachdenklich

7) (put forward) stellen [Frage, Aufgabe]; aufgeben [Hausaufgabe]; vorschreiben [Textbuch, Lektüre]; (compose) zusammenstellen [Rätsel, Fragen]

set somebody a task/problem — jemandem eine Aufgabe stellen/jemanden vor ein Problem stellen

set [somebody/oneself] a target — [jemandem/sich] ein Ziel setzen

8) (turn to solid) fest werden lassen

is the jelly set yet? — ist das Gelee schon fest?

9) (lay for meal) decken [Tisch]; auflegen [Gedeck]

10) (establish) aufstellen [Rekord, Richtlinien]

11) (Med.): (put into place) [ein]richten; einrenken [verrenktes Gelenk]

12) (fix) legen [Haare]

set eyes on somebody/something — jemanden/etwas sehen

13) (Printing) setzen

14)

set somebody in charge of something — jemanden mit etwas betrauen

set a dog on somebody — einen Hund auf jemanden hetzen

set the police after somebody — die Polizei auf jemanden hetzen

set somebody against somebody — jemanden gegen jemanden aufbringen

15)

be set on a hill — [Haus:] auf einem Hügel stehen
2. intransitive verb,
-tt-, set

1) (solidify) fest werden

has the jelly set yet? — ist das Gelee schon fest?

2) (go down) [Sonne, Mond:] untergehen
3. noun
1) (group) Satz, der

set [of two] — Paar, das

a set of chairs — eine Sitzgruppe

a complete set of Dickens' novels — eine Gesamtausgabe der Romane von Dickens

chess set — Schachspiel, das

2) see academic.ru/66102/service">service 1. 9)

3) (section of society) Kreis, der

racing set — Rennsportfreunde od. -fans

the fast set — die Lebewelt

4) (Math.) Menge, die

5)

set [of teeth] — Gebiss, das

6) (radio or TV receiver) Gerät, das; Apparat, der

7) (Tennis) Satz, der

8) (of hair) Frisieren, das; Einlegen, das

9) (Cinemat., film): (built-up scenery) Szenenaufbau, der; Dekoration, die

10) (acting area for film)

on the set — bei den Dreharbeiten
4. adjective
1) (fixed) starr [Linie, Gewohnheit, Blick, Lächeln]; fest [Absichten, Zielvorstellungen, Zeitpunkt]

be set in one's ways or habits — in seinen Gewohnheiten festgefahren sein

deep-set eyes — tief liegende Augen

2) (assigned for study) vorgeschrieben [Buch, Text]

be a set book — Pflichtlektüre sein

3) (according to fixed menu)

set meal or menu — Menü, das

4) (ready)

something is set to increase — etwas wird bald steigen

be/get set for something — zu etwas bereit sein/sich zu etwas fertig machen

be/get set to leave — bereit sein/sich fertig machen zum Aufbruch

all set? — (coll.) alles klar od. fertig?

be all set to do something — bereit sein, etwas zu tun

5) (determined)

be set on something/doing something — zu etwas entschlossen sein/entschlossen sein, etwas zu tun

be [dead] set against something — [absolut] gegen etwas sein

Phrasal Verbs:

- set about

- set apart

- set aside

- set back

- set by

- set down

- set forth

- set in

- set off

- set on

- set out

- set to

- set up

* * *
[set] 1. present participle - setting; verb
1) (to put or place: She set the tray down on the table.) stellen, legen, setzen

2) (to put plates, knives, forks etc on (a table) for a meal: Please would you set the table for me?) decken

3) (to settle or arrange (a date, limit, price etc): It's difficult to set a price on a book when you don't know its value.) festlegen

4) (to give a person (a task etc) to do: The witch set the prince three tasks; The teacher set a test for her pupils; He should set the others a good example.) stellen

5) (to cause to start doing something: His behaviour set people talking.) veranlassen

6) ((of the sun etc) to disappear below the horizon: It gets cooler when the sun sets.) untergehen

7) (to become firm or solid: Has the concrete set?) festwerden

8) (to adjust (eg a clock or its alarm) so that it is ready to perform its function: He set the alarm for 7.00 a.m.) einstellen

9) (to arrange (hair) in waves or curls.) herrichten

10) (to fix in the surface of something, eg jewels in a ring.) fassen

11) (to put (broken bones) into the correct position for healing: They set his broken arm.) richten
2. adjective
1) (fixed or arranged previously: There is a set procedure for doing this.) das Set

2) ((often with on) ready, intending or determined (to do something): He is set on going.)

3) (deliberate: He had the set intention of hurting her.) wohlüberlegt

4) (stiff; fixed: He had a set smile on his face.) starr

5) (not changing or developing: set ideas.) fest

6) ((with with) having something set in it: a gold ring set with diamonds.) eingefaßt
3. noun
1) (a group of things used or belonging together: a set of carving tools; a complete set of (the novels of) Jane Austen.) der Satz

2) (an apparatus for receiving radio or television signals: a television/radio set.) das Gerät

3) (a group of people: the musical set.) der Kreis

4) (the process of setting hair: a shampoo and set.) das Legen

5) (scenery for a play or film: There was a very impressive set in the final act.) der Szenenaufbau

6) (a group of six or more games in tennis: She won the first set and lost the next two.) der Satz

•

- setting
- setback
- set phrase
- set-square
- setting-lotion
- set-to
- set-up
- all set
- set about
- set someone against someone
- set against someone
- set someone against
- set against
- set aside
- set back
- set down
- set in
- set off
- set something or someone on someone
- set on someone
- set something or someone on
- set on
- set out
- set to
- set up
- set up camp
- set up house
- set up shop
- set upon
* * *

set

[set]

I. ADJECTIVE

1. pred (ready) bereit, fertig

▪ to be [all] \set [for sth] [für etw akk] bereit sein

be \set to leave by 8 a.m. um 8 Uhr solltest du startklar sein

to get \set to do sth sich akk darauf vorbereiten, etw zu tun

ready, get \set, go! auf die Plätze, fertig, los!

we were just getting \set to leave when... wir wollten gerade gehen, als...

2. (fixed) pattern, time fest[gesetzt]

\set expression [or phrase] feststehender Ausdruck

\set meal Stammessen nt, Stammgericht nt ÖSTERR; (dish of the day) Tagesgericht nt

\set menu Tageskarte f

\set price Festpreis m, Fixpreis m

at \set times zu festen Zeiten

3. (expression of face) starr

her face took on a \set expression ihre Miene erstarrte

\set smile aufgesetztes Lächeln

4. (unlikely to change)

to have a \set idea about sth eine feste Vorstellung von etw dat haben

to have become a \set habit zur festen Gewohnheit geworden sein

to be \set in one's ways in seinen Gewohnheiten festgefahren sein

5. (likely)

Manchester United looks \set for victory es sieht ganz so aus, als würde Manchester United gewinnen

the rain is \set to continue all week der Regen wird wohl noch die ganze Woche andauern

6. attr, inv (assigned) number, pattern vorgegebene(r, s); subject also bestimmte(r, s)

\set book [or text] Pflichtlektüre

7. (determined)

▪ to be [dead] \set against sth [vollkommen] gegen etw akk sein

▪ to be [dead] \set on sth zu etw akk [wild] entschlossen sein

II. NOUN

1. (collection, group) of glasses, stamps etc. Satz m; (of two items) Paar nt; of clothes etc. Set nt, Garnitur f

he's got a complete \set of Joyce's novels er hat eine Gesamtausgabe von Joyce

box[ed] \set Box-Set nt (ein komplettes Set etwa von CDs oder Videokassetten, das in einem Schuber o.Ä. erhältlich ist)

chemistry \set Chemiekasten m

chess \set Schachspiel nt

a \set of chromosomes ein Chromosomensatz m

\set of encyclopaedias Enzyklopädiereihe f

\set of lectures Vortragsreihe f

\set of rules Regelwerk nt

tea \set Teeservice nt

\set of teeth Gebiss nt

tool \set Werkzeugsatz m

\set of twins Zwillingspaar nt

2. + sing/pl vb (group of people) [Personen]kreis m, Clique f fam

she's got in with a very arty \set sie bewegt sich neuerdings in sehr ausgewählten Künstlerkreisen

the fashion \set die Modefreaks pl sl

the literary \set die Literaten pl

the smart \set die Schickeria meist pej

3. BRIT SCH (class) Kurs f

4. THEAT Bühnenbild nt, Bühnenausstattung f; FILM Szenenaufbau m; (film location) Drehort m

on the \set bei den Dreharbeiten; (location) am Set

5. (appliance) Gerät nt; (television) Fernsehgerät nt, Fernseher m; (radio) Radio[gerät] nt

colour \set Farbfernseher m

an electric fondue \set ein elektrisches Fonduegerät

6. SPORT Satz m

to win a \set einen Satz gewinnen

7. MATH Menge f

\set theory Mengenlehre f

8. MUS Block m

9. COMPUT

data \set Datensatz m; (file) Datei f

10. TYPO (width of character) Set nt o m fachspr

11. BOT (young plant) Setzling m; (bulb) Knolle f

12. (coat of plaster) Feinputz m

13. (sett) Bau m

14. no pl of eyes, jaw Stellung f; of shoulders Haltung f

15. no pl (hair arrangement)

to have a shampoo and \set sich dat die Haare waschen und legen lassen

16. no pl see mindset

17. no pl of the current, tide Richtung f, Lauf m

18. no pl AUS, NZ ( fam: grudge)

to get a \set on sb [die] Wut auf jdn kriegen fam

19. no pl HUNT Vorstehen nt fachspr

20. no pl TECH of the teeth of a saw Schränkung f fachspr

21. no pl TECH (in metal, wood, etc.) Durchbiegung f fachspr

22.

▶ to make a \set at sb BRIT sich akk an jdn ranmachen fam

III. TRANSITIVE VERB

<set, set>

1. (place)

▪ to \set sb/sth somewhere jdn/etw irgendwohin stellen; (on its side) jdn/etw irgendwohin legen

the cat \set a dead mouse in front of us die Katze legte uns eine tote Maus vor

\set the bricks one on top of the other setze einen Klotz auf den anderen

to \set a chair by the bed/window einen Stuhl ans Bett/Fenster stellen

to \set sb on his/her way ( fig) jdn losschicken

I \set her above all others für mich ist sie die Allergrößte

2. usu passive (take place in, be located)

▪ to be \set somewhere:

‘West Side Story’ is \set in New York ‚West Side Story‘ spielt in New York

their house is \set on a hill ihr Haus liegt auf einem Hügel

the novel is \set in the 16th century der Roman spielt im 16. Jahrhundert

3. (cause to be, start)

to \set a boat afloat ein Boot zu Wasser lassen

to \set sth on fire etw in Brand setzen

to \set sth in motion etw in Bewegung setzen [o fig a. ins Rollen bringen]

▪ to \set sb doing sth jdn veranlassen [o dazu bringen], etw zu tun

his remarks \set me thinking seine Bemerkungen gaben mir zu denken

to \set sb loose [or free] jdn freilassen [o auf freien Fuß setzen]

to \set sth right etw [wieder] in Ordnung bringen

to \set sb straight jdn berichtigen

these changes will \set the country on the road to economic recovery diese Änderungen werden das Land zum wirtschaftlichen Aufschwung führen

the noise \set the dog barking wegen des Lärms fing der Hund an zu bellen

4. (release) CHEM

to \set sth free etw freisetzen

5. (adjust, prepare)

▪ to \set sth etw einstellen; (prepare) etw vorbereiten

to \set the alarm for 7.00 a.m. den Wecker auf 07.00 Uhr stellen

to \set a clock/watch eine Uhr/Armbanduhr stellen

to \set the margin TYPO den Rand einstellen

to \set the table den Tisch decken

to \set a thermostat/timer einen Thermostat/Zeitmesser einstellen

to \set a trap eine Falle aufstellen

6. (fix)

▪ to \set sth etw festsetzen

to \set the budget das Budget festlegen

to \set a date/time einen Termin/eine Zeit ausmachen

they still haven't \set a date for their wedding sie haben immer noch keinen Termin für die Hochzeit festgesetzt

to \set a deadline for sb jdm eine Frist setzen

to \set oneself a goal sich dat ein Ziel setzen

to \set a limit eine Grenze setzen

to \set a norm eine Norm festlegen

to \set a price [on sth] einen Preis [für etw akk] festsetzen

to \set one's teeth die Zähne zusammenbeißen

... she said, \setting her jaw firmly... sagte sie mit versteinerter Miene

7. (establish)

to \set a good example to sb jdm ein Vorbild sein

to \set the pace das Tempo angeben [o bestimmen]

to \set a record einen Rekord aufstellen

8. ANAT

▪ to \set sth etw einrenken

to \set a broken bone einen gebrochenen Knochen einrichten fachspr

9. (arrange)

to \set sb's hair jdm die Haare legen

to have one's hair \set sich dat die Haare legen lassen

10. (adorn)

▪ to \set sth with sth etw mit etw dat besetzen

a watch \set with sapphires eine mit Saphiren besetzte Uhr

11. (insert)

▪ to \set sth in[to] sth etw in etw akk einlassen [o fassen]

a bracelet with rubies \set in gold ein Armband mit in Gold gefassten Rubinen

12. MUS

to \set a poem/words etc. to music ein Gedicht/einen Text etc. vertonen

13. esp BRIT, AUS (assign)

to \set sb in charge of sth jdn mit etw dat betrauen

to \set homework Hausaufgaben [o ÖSTERR a. eine Hausübung] aufgeben

to \set a task for sb [or sb a task] jdm eine Aufgabe stellen

to \set sb to work jdm Arbeit zuweisen

14. COMPUT

▪ to \set sth (give variable a value) etw setzen; (define value) etw einstellen

15. TYPO (compose)

to \set a text einen Text setzen

to be \set in Times Roman in Times Roman gesetzt sein

16. (keep watch on)

to \set a guard on sb jdn bewachen lassen

17.

to \set the scene [or stage] for sth (create conditions) die Bedingungen für etw akk schaffen; (facilitate) den Weg für etw akk frei machen

the scene is \set for the summit next week die Vorbereitungen für das Gipfeltreffen nächste Woche sind unter Dach und Fach

18. (sail)

to \set course for sth auf etw akk Kurs nehmen

to \set sail ( also fig) die Segel setzen

to \set sail for/from... nach/von... losfahren

19. (see)

to \set eyes on sb/sth jdn/etw sehen

20. (enter)

to \set foot in [or on] sth etw betreten

21. (calm)

to \set one's mind at ease sich akk beruhigen

22.

to \set one's mind to [or on] sth (concentrate on) sich akk auf etw akk konzentrieren; (approach with determination) etw entschlossen angehen

23.

▶ to \set the world [or the Thames] ablaze [or on fire] [or alight] die Welt aus den Angeln heben

IV. INTRANSITIVE VERB

<set, set>

1. (grow together) bones, limbs zusammenwachsen

2. (become firm) concrete, jelly fest werden

the glue has \set hard der Klebstoff ist ausgehärtet

3. (sink) moon, sun untergehen

4. (have a specified direction) river, stream

to \set to the north/westwards nach Norden/Westen verlaufen

5. HUNT dog vorstehen fachspr

6. (become fixed) eyes verharren; features sich akk versteinern

7. BOT Frucht ansetzen

* * *
(INTERNET) abbr SET m
* * *

set [set]

A s

1. Satz m (Briefmarken, Dokumente, Werkzeuge etc), (Möbel-, Toiletten- etc) Garnitur f, (Speise- etc) Service n:

a set of agreements POL ein Vertragswerk;

a set of colo(u)rs ein Farbensortiment n;

a set of drills ein Satz Bohrer;

set of values Wertanschauung f

2. (Häuser- etc) Gruppe f, (Zimmer) Flucht f:

a set of houses (rooms)

3. WIRTSCH Kollektion f

4. Sammlung f, besonders

a) mehrbändige Ausgabe (eines Autors)

b) (Schriften) Reihe f, (Artikel) Serie f

5. TECH

a) (Maschinen) Satz m, (-)Anlage f, Aggregat n

b) RADIO etc Gerät n, Apparat m

6. a) THEAT Bühnenausstattung f

b) FILM Szenenaufbau m

7. Tennis etc: Satz m

8. MATH

a) Zahlenreihe f

b) Menge f

9. set of teeth Gebiss n

10. (Personen)Kreis m:

a) Gesellschaft(sschicht) f, (literarische etc) Welt

b) pej Clique f

c) SCHULE Unterrichtsgruppe f:

the chic set die Schickeria

11. Sitz m, Schnitt m (von Kleidern)

12. a) Form f

b) Haltung f

13. Richtung f, (Ver)Lauf m (einer Strömung etc):

the set of public opinion der Meinungstrend

14. fig Neigung f, Tendenz f ( beide:

toward[s] zu)

15. PSYCH (innere) Bereitschaft ( for zu)

16. (Sonnen- etc) Untergang m:

the set of day poet das Tagesende

17. TECH Schränkung f (einer Säge)

18. TECH → setting 10

19. ARCH Feinputz m

20. BOT

a) Ableger m, Setzling m

b) Fruchtansatz m

21. Kontertanz:

a) Tänzer(zahl) pl(f), -paare pl

b) Tour f, Hauptfigur f:

first set Quadrille f

22. MUS Serie f, Folge f, Zyklus m

23. JAGD Vorstehen n (des Hundes):

make a dead set at fig

a) jemanden scharf aufs Korn nehmen umg, herfallen über jemanden,

b) es auf einen Mann abgesehen haben (Frau)

24. JAGD (Dachs- etc) Bau m

B adj

1. festgesetzt (Tag etc):

set meal Menü n

2. a) bereit

b) fest entschlossen (on, upon doing zu tun):

all set startklar;

be all set for vorbereitet oder eingestellt sein auf (akk)

3. vorgeschrieben, festgelegt (Regeln etc):

set books pl ( oder reading) SCHULE Pflichtlektüre f

4. wohlüberlegt, einstudiert (Rede etc)

5. feststehend (Redewendungen etc)

6. fest (Meinung): → purpose Bes Redew

7. starr:

a set face ein unbewegtes Gesicht

8. US halsstarrig, stur

9. konventionell, formell (Party etc)

10. zusammengebissen (Zähne)

11. (ein)gefasst (Edelstein)

12. TECH eingebaut (Rohr etc)

13. set fair beständig (auf dem Barometer)

14. → hard-set

15. (in Zusammensetzungen) … gebaut, … gestaltet:

well-set gut gebaut

C v/t prät und pperf set

1. setzen, stellen, legen:

set the glass to one’s lips das Glas an die Lippen setzen;

set a match to ein Streichholz halten an (akk), etwas in Brand stecken (siehe a. die Verbindungen mit anderen entsprechenden Substantiven)

2. in einen Zustand (ver)setzen, bringen:

set sb free jemanden auf freien Fuß setzen, jemanden freilassen; → ease A 2, liberty Bes Redew, right A 5, B 5, etc

3. veranlassen zu:

set a party laughing eine Gesellschaft zum Lachen bringen;

set going in Gang setzen;

set sb thinking

a) jemanden nachdenklich machen, jemandem zu denken geben,

b) jemandem Denkanstöße oder einen Denkanstoß geben; → roar C 1

4. ein-, herrichten, (an)ordnen, zurechtmachen, besonders

a) THEAT die Bühne aufbauen, (Skisport) die Strecke abstecken

b) den Tisch decken

c) TECH (ein)stellen, (-)richten, regulieren

d) die Uhr, den Wecker stellen (by nach dem Radio etc):

set the alarm (clock) for five o’clock den Wecker auf 5 Uhr stellen

e) eine Säge schränken

f) ein Messer abziehen, schärfen

g) MED einen Bruch, Knochen (ein)richten

h) das Haar legen

5. MUS

a) vertonen

b) arrangieren

6. TYPO absetzen

7. AGR

a) Setzlinge (an)pflanzen

b) den Boden bepflanzen

8. a) die Bruthenne setzen

b) Eier unterlegen

9. a) einen Edelstein (ein)fassen

b) mit Edelsteinen etc besetzen

10. eine Wache aufstellen

11. eine Aufgabe, Frage stellen

12. jemanden anweisen ( to do sth etwas zu tun), jemanden an eine Sache setzen

13. a) etwas vorschreiben, bestimmen

b) einen Zeitpunkt festlegen, -setzen, ansetzen

c) ein Beispiel etc geben, eine Regel etc aufstellen

d) einen Rekord aufstellen: → fashion A 1, pace¹ A 1

14. einen Hund etc hetzen (on auf jemanden):

set spies on sb jemanden bespitzeln lassen, auf jemanden Spitzel ansetzen

15. Flüssiges fest werden lassen, Milch gerinnen lassen

16. die Zähne zusammenbeißen

17. den Wert bestimmen, festsetzen

18. einen Preis aussetzen (on auf akk)

19. Geld, sein Leben etc riskieren, aufs Spiel setzen

20. fig legen, setzen:

set one’s hopes on seine Hoffnung setzen auf (akk);

the scene is set in Rome der Schauplatz oder Ort der Handlung ist Rom, das Stück etc spielt in Rom;

the novel is set in Spain der Roman spielt in Spanien

D v/i

1. untergehen (Sonne etc):

his star has set fig sein Stern ist untergegangen

2. a) auswachsen (Körper)

b) ausreifen (Charakter)

3. beständig werden (Wetter etc): → B 13

4. a) fest werden (Flüssiges), erstarren (auch Gesicht, Muskel)

b) TECH abbinden (Zement etc)

c) gerinnen (Milch)

d) sich absetzen (Rahm)

5. brüten (Glucke)

6. gut etc sitzen (Kleidungsstück)

7. fig passen ( with zu)

8. sich bewegen, fließen, strömen:

the current sets to the north die Stromrichtung ist Nord

9. wehen, kommen ( from aus, von) (Wind)

10. sich neigen oder richten:

opinion is setting against him die Meinung richtet sich gegen ihn

11. BOT Frucht ansetzen (Blüte, Baum)

12. ZOOL sich festsetzen (Austern)

13. TECH sich verbiegen

14. JAGD vorstehen (Hund)

15. MED sich einrenken

s. abk

1. second ( seconds pl) s, Sek.

2. section

3. see s.

4. series

5. set

6. HIST Br shilling ( shillings pl)

7. sign

8. signed gez.

9. singular Sg.

10. son

* * *
1.
[set]transitive verb, -tt-, set

1) (put) (horizontally) legen; (vertically) stellen

set somebody ashore — jemanden an Land setzen

set the proposals before the board — (fig.) dem Vorstand die Vorschläge unterbreiten od. vorlegen

set something against something — (balance) etwas einer Sache (Dat.) gegenüberstellen

2) (apply) setzen

set pen to paper — etwas zu Papier bringen

set a match to something — ein Streichholz an etwas (Akk.) halten

3) (adjust) einstellen (at auf + Akk.); aufstellen [Falle]; stellen [Uhr]

set the alarm for 5.30 a.m. — den Wecker auf 5.30 Uhr stellen

4)

be set — (have location of action) [Buch, Film:] spielen

set a book/film in Australia — ein Buch/einen Film in Australien spielen lassen

5) (specify) festlegen [Bedingungen]; festsetzen [Termin, Ort usw.] ( for auf + Akk.)

set the interest rate at 10 % — die Zinsen auf 10 % festsetzen

set limits — Grenzen setzen

6) (bring into specified state)

set something/things right or in order — etwas/die Dinge in Ordnung bringen

set somebody laughing — jemanden zum Lachen bringen

set a dog barking — einen Hund anschlagen lassen

set somebody thinking that... — jemanden auf den Gedanken bringen, dass...

the news set me thinking — die Nachricht machte mich nachdenklich

7) (put forward) stellen [Frage, Aufgabe]; aufgeben [Hausaufgabe]; vorschreiben [Textbuch, Lektüre]; (compose) zusammenstellen [Rätsel, Fragen]

set somebody a task/problem — jemandem eine Aufgabe stellen/jemanden vor ein Problem stellen

set [somebody/oneself] a target — [jemandem/sich] ein Ziel setzen

8) (turn to solid) fest werden lassen

is the jelly set yet? — ist das Gelee schon fest?

9) (lay for meal) decken [Tisch]; auflegen [Gedeck]

10) (establish) aufstellen [Rekord, Richtlinien]

11) (Med.): (put into place) [ein]richten; einrenken [verrenktes Gelenk]

12) (fix) legen [Haare]

set eyes on somebody/something — jemanden/etwas sehen

13) (Printing) setzen

14)

set somebody in charge of something — jemanden mit etwas betrauen

set a dog on somebody — einen Hund auf jemanden hetzen

set the police after somebody — die Polizei auf jemanden hetzen

set somebody against somebody — jemanden gegen jemanden aufbringen

15)

be set on a hill — [Haus:] auf einem Hügel stehen
2. intransitive verb,
-tt-, set

1) (solidify) fest werden

has the jelly set yet? — ist das Gelee schon fest?

2) (go down) [Sonne, Mond:] untergehen
3. noun
1) (group) Satz, der

set [of two] — Paar, das

a set of chairs — eine Sitzgruppe

a complete set of Dickens' novels — eine Gesamtausgabe der Romane von Dickens

chess set — Schachspiel, das

2) see service 1. 9)

3) (section of society) Kreis, der

racing set — Rennsportfreunde od. -fans

the fast set — die Lebewelt

4) (Math.) Menge, die

5)

set [of teeth] — Gebiss, das

6) (radio or TV receiver) Gerät, das; Apparat, der

7) (Tennis) Satz, der

8) (of hair) Frisieren, das; Einlegen, das

9) (Cinemat., film): (built-up scenery) Szenenaufbau, der; Dekoration, die

10) (acting area for film)

on the set — bei den Dreharbeiten
4. adjective
1) (fixed) starr [Linie, Gewohnheit, Blick, Lächeln]; fest [Absichten, Zielvorstellungen, Zeitpunkt]

be set in one's ways or habits — in seinen Gewohnheiten festgefahren sein

deep-set eyes — tief liegende Augen

2) (assigned for study) vorgeschrieben [Buch, Text]

be a set book — Pflichtlektüre sein

3) (according to fixed menu)

set meal or menu — Menü, das

4) (ready)

something is set to increase — etwas wird bald steigen

be/get set for something — zu etwas bereit sein/sich zu etwas fertig machen

be/get set to leave — bereit sein/sich fertig machen zum Aufbruch

all set? — (coll.) alles klar od. fertig?

be all set to do something — bereit sein, etwas zu tun

5) (determined)

be set on something/doing something — zu etwas entschlossen sein/entschlossen sein, etwas zu tun

be [dead] set against something — [absolut] gegen etwas sein

Phrasal Verbs:

- set about

- set apart

- set aside

- set back

- set by

- set down

- set forth

- set in

- set off

- set on

- set out

- set to

- set up

* * *

(sport) n.

Satz ¨-e m. adj.

festgelegt adj.

festgesetzt adj. n.

Garnitur -en f.

Menge -n (Mathematik) f.

Reihe -n f.

Zusammenstellung f. v.

(§ p.,p.p.: set)

= aufstellen v.

einstellen v.

erstarren v.

fest werden ausdr.

festlegen v.

festsetzen v.

legen v.

setzen v.

stellen v.

veranlassen v.

English-german dictionary > set
14 form

1. n форма; внешний вид; очертание

without shape or form — бесформенный

in any shape or form — в любом виде

in the form of a cube — в форме куба

work-and-tumble form — форма для печатания со своим оборотом

signature of a quadratic form — сигнатура квадратичной формы

normalized form — нормализованная форма; нормализованный вид

form transporter — тележка для транспортировки печатных форм

analytic form — аналитическая форма; аналитическое выражение

2. n фигура

well-proportioned form — пропорциональное сложение, хорошая фигура

3. n обличье

Proteus was able to appear in the form of any animal — Протей мог являться в обличье любого животного

4. n стать

5. n форма, вид

literary form — литературная форма

in tabular form — в виде таблицы

in the form of a sonnet — в форме сонета

in the form of a drama — в драматической форме

tooth form — форма зуба

form of combat — вид боя

form tie — обвязка формы

in the form of — в форме

long form — полная форма

6. n вид, разновидность; тип

forms of animal and vegetable life — формы животной и растительной жизни

balance sheets in account form — отчеты в виде счета

closed form solution — решение в аналитическом виде

displacement form — обводы водоизмещающего типа

tree form proof — доказательство в виде дерева

data in graph form — данные в виде графиков

7. n стиль, манера

his form in swimming is bad — он плавает плохо

poor form — нарушение стиля

form break — нарушение стиля

form work — работа над стилем исполнения

bad form — невоспитанность, вульгарность, плохие манеры

8. n состояние; форма; готовность

to round into form — приобретать спортивную форму

was in bad competition form — был в плохой спортивной форме

to distribute ink over the form — накатать краску на форму

regular form of marriage — законная форма вступления в брак

propeller form parameter — коэффициент формы гребного винта

multiple copy business form — многолистная конторская форма

9. n настроение, душевное состояние

Jack was in great form at the dinner party — Джек был в приподнятом настроении на званом обеде

crude form — необработанное состояние

diluted form — разбавленное состояние

undiluted form — неразбавленное состояние

suspended form — суспендированное состояние

10. n формальность; проформа

to attach importance to forms — придавать значение формальностям

11. n церемония, порядок

in due form — по всем правилам

in the form of order — в приказном порядке

in the prescribed form — в установленном порядке

12. n установившаяся форма выражения; формула

the form of greeting — формула приветствия

conjuctive normal form — конъюктивная нормальная форма; КНФ

to divorce form from matter — отрывать форму от содержания

to assume the original form — принять первоначальную форму

stripped a form — освободил форму от пробельного материала

manually maintained form — форма немашинизированного учета

13. n класс

upper forms — старшие классы

fifth form — пятый класс

first form — первый класс

sixth form — шестой класс

form class — формальный класс

fourth form — четвёртый класс

14. n форма, бланк, образец; анкета

printed form — печатный бланк

a form for a deed — бланк для соглашения

concept of form and space — концепция форм и пространства

strip a form — освобождать форму от пробельного материала

form truck — тележка для перевозки тяжелых шрифтовых форм

chargeback form — бланк распоряжения на возвратный платеж

two-up form — сдвоенная форма с одинаковым спуском полос

15. n нора

16. n грам. форма слова

implicative normal form — импликативная нормальная форма

disjunctive normal form — дизъюнктивная нормальная форма

combination form of virus — комбинированная форма вируса

carbonized form — конторская форма с копировальным слоем

snap-apart business form — «отрывная» конторская форма

17. n спец. форма исполнения

rondo form — форма рондо

growth form — форма роста

ice form — форма для льда

test form — пробная форма

arrest form — форма ареста

18. n спец. модель, тип, образец; торговый сорт

purchase order form — бланк торгового заказа

buoyant form — обводы водоизмещающего типа

planing form — обводы глиссирующего типа

form of government — образ правления

19. n спец. тех. форма для литья

form resistance — сопротивление формы

full size form — полноформатная форма

granular form — гранулированная форма

multilinear form — полилинейная форма

powdered form — порошкообразная форма

20. n спец. полигр. печатная форма

liquid form — жидкая форма

solid form — твердая форма

song form — песенная форма

form c relay — реле формы С

ganged form — сборная форма

21. n спец. стр. форма; опалубка

form removal — распалубка

description form — описательная форма

dropping the form — расключение формы

form face — рабочая поверхность формы

form of warfare — форма ведения войны

prevailing form — преобладающая форма

22. n спец. выражение

analytical form — аналитическое выражение

mathematical form — аналитическое выражение

23. v придавать форму, вид

to form a piece of wood into a certain shape — придавать куску дерева определённую форму

pure form — очищенный вид

in any form — в любой форме

latent form — скрытая форма

life form — жизненная форма

norm form — норменная форма

24. v принимать форму, вид

object form — форма объекта

on-line form — исходный вид

smooth form — гладкая форма

active form — активная форма

bound form — связанная форма

25. v составлять, образовывать; формировать

these parts together form a perfect whole — эти части образуют вместе гармоничное целое

the rain formed large pools on the lawn — от дождя на газоне образовались большие лужи

form the government — сформировать правительство

to form the government — сформировать правительство

form public opinion — формировать общественное мнение

form a joint venture — формировать совместное предприятие

26. v образовываться; формироваться

crystals formed in the retort — в реторте образовались кристаллы

form an angle with — образовывать угол

form the instruction — формировать команду

27. v грам. образовывать

to form the plural of a noun — образовать множественное число существительного

28. v создавать, составлять; формулировать

to form an idea — создавать себе представление

to form an opinion — составить мнение

form an union — создавать союз

form an alliance — создавать союз

form a pivot — создавать опорный район

29. v возникать, оформляться

the idea slowly formed in my mind — эта мысль постепенно становилась у меня более отчётливой

30. v представлять собой; являться

chocolate forms a wholesome substitute for staple food — шоколад является полноценным заменителем основных продуктов питания

31. v тренировать, дисциплинировать; воспитывать; развивать

to form the mind — развивать ум

to form the character — воспитывать характер

32. v формировать, организовывать; образовывать, создавать

to form a class for beginners — создать группу начинающих

to form an army — формировать армию

to form a government — формировать правительство

to form a society — организовывать общество

to form a ministry — сформировать кабинет

33. v воен. строить

to form a column — вытягиваться в колонну

form up — строиться

to form a crowd into rank — построить толпу

to form a guard of honour — выстроить почётный караул

34. v воен. строиться

35. v спец. формовать

36. v спец. сад. обрезать, подвергать обрезке; формировать крону

забираться, забиваться в нору

to form and display an intention — сформировать и обнаружить намерение, умысел

Синонимический ряд:

1. appearance (noun) appearance; body; build; cast; configuration; conformation; cut; figure; format; framework; matrix; plan; shape; structure; style

2. business form (noun) application; blank; business form; document; duplicate; paper; questionnaire; report

3. ceremony (noun) ceremonial; ceremony; conformity; formality; liturgy; rite; ritual; rule

4. convenance (noun) convenance; convention; usage

5. formula (noun) approach; formula; method; mode; practice; procedure; system

6. group (noun) assemblage; group; organisation; organization

7. kind (noun) arrangement; kind; manner; sort; type

8. model (noun) model; mold; mould; pattern

9. order (noun) condition; fitness; order; trim

10. acquire (verb) acquire; contract; develop

11. arrange (verb) arrange; combine; dispose; order; organise; organize; systematise; systematize

12. cast (verb) carve; cast; chisel; construct; contrive; design; devise; fashion; frame; mold; pattern

13. make (verb) assemble; build; compose; comprise; constitute; create; erect; fabricate; forge; invent; make; make up; manufacture; originate; produce; put together; shape

14. model (verb) model; mould; shape

15. teach (verb) discipline; educate; instruct; rear; teach; train

Антонимический ряд:

damage; defacement; deform; deformity; demolish; derange; destroy; devastate; disarrange; disintegrate; dislocate; dismantle; dismember

English-Russian base dictionary > form
15 Aufnahme

Aufnahme f 1. BÖRSE take-up (einer neuen Emission); assimilation (von Wertpapieren); 2. FIN take-up (von Schatzwechseln); 3. GEN absorption, admission; 4. MEDIA (jarg) pick-up, prerecorded broadcast (von Sendungen außerhalb des Senders); 5. WIWI absorption
* * *

f 1. < Börse> einer neuen Emission take-up, von Wertpapieren assimilation; 2. < Finanz> von Schatzwechseln take-up; 3. < Geschäft> absorption, admission; 4. < Medien> von Sendungen außerhalb des Senders pick-up jarg, prerecorded broadcast; 5. <Vw> absorption

* * *
Aufnahme
(Annahme) acceptance, (Asylbewerber) reception, (Beherbergung) accommodation, (Darlehn) taking up, (Einschreibung) enrol(l)ment, enlistment, (Kapital) taking up, raising, (Kredit) borrowing, (in Liste) entry, listing, (eines eingetretenen Schadens) assessment, (einer Tätigkeit) assumption, (im Verein) reception, (Warenangebot) absorption, (von Wertpapieren) assimilation;
• freundliche Aufnahme welcome;
• tatsächliche Aufnahme (Lagerbestand) physical inventory;
• Aufnahme einer Anleihe taking up (raising) a loan;
• Aufnahme von Ausländern admission of aliens into a country;
• Aufnahme von Bedingungen inclusion of conditions;
• Aufnahme der Bestände stocktaking, inventory taking (US);
• Aufnahme des Betriebs going into operation;
• Aufnahme von Betriebsmitteln borrowing of corporate cash;
• Aufnahme diplomatischer Beziehungen entering into (establishment of) diplomatic relations;
• Aufnahme in eine Firma initiation into a business, admission as partner;
• Aufnahme einer Hypothek raising a mortgage;
• Aufnahme des Inventars inventory taking, stocktaking;
• Aufnahme einer Klausel insertion of a clause;
• Aufnahme in der Öffentlichkeit public acceptance;
• negative Aufnahme in der Presse hostile press reception;
• Aufnahme in das Protokoll entry into the minutes;
• Aufnahme von Schulden contraction of debts;
• Aufnahme in die Tagesordung inclusion in the agenda;
• Aufnahme eines Teilhabers admission into a partnership;
• Aufnahme einer Tratte hono(u)ring a bill of exchange;
• Aufnahme in einen Verein initiation into a society;
• Aufnahme von Verhandlungen entering into negotiations;
• für seine Aufnahme bezahlen to pay one’s entrance;
• günstige Aufnahme finden to have a favo(u)rable reception, (Mode) to come into fashion, to catch on, (Waren) to meet with a ready market (sale);
• kühle Aufnahme finden to meet with a cool welcome;
• günstige Aufnahme in der Öffentlichkeit finden to create a favo(u)rable public opinion;
• Aufnahmeantrag application for admission (membership), membership application;
• einem Aufnahmeantrag stattgeben to approve an application;
• Aufnahmeantrag stellen to make an application for membership;
• Aufnahmeausschuss (Verein) membership committee;
• Aufnahmebedingungen terms of admission, entrance requirements, conditions of membership;
• Aufnahmebedingungen erfüllen to be eligible for admission;
• Aufnahmebereitschaft (Verbraucher) consumer’s acceptance;
• Aufnahmebescheinigung entrance certificate;
• Aufnahmebezirk (für Flüchtlinge) receiving district;
• Aufnahmeblatt (Inventar) count sheet.

Business german-english dictionary > Aufnahme
16 günstige Aufnahme in der Öffentlichkeit erzielen (finden)

günstige Aufnahme in der Öffentlichkeit erzielen (finden)
to create a favo(u)rable public opinion

Business german-english dictionary > günstige Aufnahme in der Öffentlichkeit erzielen (finden)
17 günstige Aufnahme in der Öffentlichkeit finden

günstige Aufnahme in der Öffentlichkeit finden
to create a favo(u)rable public opinion

Business german-english dictionary > günstige Aufnahme in der Öffentlichkeit finden
18 Gomes da Costa, Manuel de Oliveira

(1863-1929)

Marshal of the Portuguese Army, commander of Portugal's forces in Flanders in World War I, and leader of the military coup that overthrew the First Republic in May 1926. Trained at the Military College, Gomes da Costa rose from the rank of private to general during the period 1883-1917. His career began with important colonial service in Portuguese India and Mozambique in suppressing insurgencies in the 1890s. He served with Mousinho de Albuquerque in the Gaza campaigns (1896-97), in Mozambique, and later in Angola and São Tomé. His most notable service was in Portugal's intervention in World War I as he helped organize the first brigade and commanded the first division of Portugal's Expeditionary Corps (CEP), which entered combat on the western front in May 1917. For his role in the battle of Lys, in April 1918, when German forces badly mauled the Portuguese sector, Gomes da Costa was decorated by Portugal with the Tower and Sword medal. During the latter part of the First Republic, he was dispatched to the colonies on missions to divert him from domestic politics, since he had joined the Reformist Party (PR).

As the most senior and best-known career army officer, Gomes da Costa was invited by former CEP comrades to join in military conspiracies to overthrow the democrat-dominated First Republic. On 28 May 1926, in Braga, he launched the military coup with the pronouncement "To Arms, Portugal!" The general's famous name and forceful personality gave the military movement the necessary prestige and won public opinion's confidence for the political moment. Gomes da Costa, however, was not suited for political maneuvering and administrative efficiency and, on 9 July 1926, he was dismissed as minister of war by other generals, including future president Óscar Carmona, and then exiled to the Azores. For political effect and as a consolation prize to the leader whose individual daring had helped create the abertura (opening) that allowed the coup to succeed, the military dictatorship honored Gomes da Costa, even in exile, with promotion to marshal of the army. In ill health on his return from the isolated Azores in late 1927, he died less than two years later in Lisbon. There is a statue of Gomes da Costa in a square in Braga, designed by Barata Feyo, which honors the general of the Twenty- eighth of May coup d'etat.

Historical dictionary of Portugal > Gomes da Costa, Manuel de Oliveira
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Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Bibliography
20 dar

v.

1 to give.

dar algo a alguien to give something to somebody, to give somebody something

se lo di a mi hermano I gave it to my brother

Ella me da dinero She gives me money.

Su elogio da ánimos His praise gives encouragement.

El negocio da muchas ganancias The business yields much profit.

2 to give, to produce.

la salsa le da un sabor muy bueno the sauce gives it a very pleasant taste, the sauce makes it taste very nice

3 to have, to hold (fiesta, cena).

dar una cena en honor de alguien to hold o give a dinner in someone's honor

4 to turn or switch on (luz, agua, gas) (encender).

5 to show (Cine, Teatro & TV).

dan una película del oeste they're showing a western, there's a western on

6 to show.

dar muestras de sensatez to show good sense

7 to teach.

dar inglés/historia to teach English/history

8 to deal (repartir) (en naipes).

9 to strike (horas).

dieron las tres en el reloj three o'clock struck

10 to get, to catch.

11 to deliver, to render, to allot, to confer.

12 to feel.

Me da alegría I feel joy.

13 to be given, to be granted, to be offered, to be handed in.

Se nos dio una buena casa We were given a good house.

14 to give forth, to burst out.

Ella dio un grito She gave forth a cry.

15 to make one feel.

Eso da asco That makes one feel revolt.

16 to hit.

Da duro el sol en este lugar The sun hits hard in this place

17 to give up.

* * *

DAR

CONJUGACIÓN

Present Indicative

doy, das, da, damos, dais, dan.

Past Indicative

di, diste, dio, dimos, disteis, dieron.

Present Subjunctive

dé, des, dé, demos, deis, den.

Imperfect Subjunctive

diera, dieras, diera, diéramos, dierais, dieran;

diese, dieses, diese, diésemos, dieseis, diesen.

Future Subjunctive

diere, dieres, diere, diéremos, diereis, dieren.

Imperative

da (tú), dé (él/Vd.), demos (nos.), dad (vos.), den (ellos/Vds.).

* * *

verb

1) to give

2) hit, strike

3) hand over, deliver

4) produce, yield

5) be enough

•

- dar a
- dar con
- dar contra
- dar por
- darse a
- darse de sí
- dárselas de
* * *
Para las expresiones dar importancia, dar ejemplo, dar las gracias, dar clases, dar a conocer, dar a entender, darse prisa, ver la otra entrada.
1. VERBO TRANSITIVO

1) (=entregar, conceder) [+ objeto, mensaje, permiso] to give; [+ naipes] to deal (out); [+ noticias] to give, tell

le dio un bocadillo a su hijo — he gave his son a sandwich

se lo di a Blanca — I gave it to Blanca

me dieron un diploma por mi buen comportamiento — I was given a diploma for good conduct

le dieron el primer premio — he was awarded {o} given first prize

déme dos kilos — I'll have two kilos, two kilos, please

• ir dando [cuerda] — to pay out rope

• dar los buenos [días] a algn — to say good morning to sb, say hello to sb

2) (=realizar) [+ paliza] to give; [+ paso] to take

dar un alarido — to shriek

dar una bofetada a algn — to slap sb

dar un golpe a algn — to hit sb

dio un golpe en la mesa — he banged on the table

dar un grito — to let out a cry, give a cry

dar un paseo — to go for a walk, take a walk

dar un suspiro — to heave {o} give a sigh, sigh

3) (=celebrar) [+ fiesta] to have, throw

la embajada dará una recepción — the embassy will hold a reception

4) (=encender) [+ luz] to turn on

¿has dado el gas? — have you turned on the gas?

5) (=presentar) [+ obra de teatro] to perform, put on; [+ película] to show, screen

dan una película de Almodóvar — there's an Almodóvar film on, they're showing {o} screening an Almodóvar film

¿qué dan hoy en la tele? — what's on TV tonight?

6) (=hacer sonar) [reloj] to strike

el reloj dio las tres — the clock struck three

ya han dado las ocho — it's past {o} gone eight o'clock

7) (=producir) [+ fruto] to bear; [+ ganancias, intereses] to yield

dar flores — to flower

este negocio da mucho dinero — there's a lot of money in this business

una inversión que da un 7% de interés — an investment that pays {o} yields 7% interest

8) (=tener como resultado)

el cálculo dio 99 — the sum worked out at 99

el atleta dio positivo en el control antidoping — the athlete tested positive for drugs

9) (=hacer sentir) [+ placer] to give

me dio mucha alegría verla — I was very pleased to see her

las babosas me dan asco — I find slugs disgusting {o} revolting

este jersey me da demasiado calor — this jumper is too hot, I'm too hot in this jumper

da gusto hablar con él — he's really nice to talk to

tu padre me da miedo — I'm scared {o} frightened of your father

me da pena tener que tirarlo — it's a pity to have to throw it away

el vino me da sueño — wine makes me sleepy

10) * (=fastidiar) to ruin

vinieron a visitarme y me dieron la tarde — they came to visit and ruined my afternoon

¡me estás dando las vacaciones! — you're ruining the holiday for me!

11) dar por (=considerar) to consider

doy el asunto por concluido — I consider the matter settled, I regard the matter as settled

le dieron por desaparecido — they gave him up for lost

doy el dinero por bien empleado — I consider it money well spent

lo daba por seguro — he was sure {o} certain of it

lo podemos dar por terminado — we can consider it finished

12)

- ¡y dale!

- estar/seguir dale que dale o dale que te pego o dale y dale

la vecina está dale que dale al piano — our neighbour is pounding away at the piano

estoy dale que dale a este problema — I've been bashing away at this problem *

- a mí no me la das

- ¡ahí te las den todas!

- por si vienen mal dadas

para dar y tomar —

tenemos botellas para dar y tomar — we've got loads {o} stacks of bottles

aquí hay basura para dar y tomar — there's tons of rubbish here

- me da que...

me da que no va a venir — I have a feeling (that) he's not going to come

2. VERBO INTRANSITIVO

1) (=entregar) to give

dame, yo te lo arreglo — give it here, I'll fix it for you

- a quien dan no escoge

2) (=entrar)

me dieron ganas de vomitar — I felt like being sick

si te da un mareo siéntate — if you feel giddy, sit down

le dio un fuerte dolor en el costado — he felt a sudden sharp pain in his side

le dio un infarto — he had a heart attack

3) (=importar)

¡qué más da!, ¡da igual! — it doesn't matter!, never mind!

¿qué más te da? — what does it matter to you?

¿qué más da un sitio que otro? — surely one place is as good as another!, it doesn't make any difference which place we choose

lo mismo da — it makes no difference {o} odds

me da igual, lo mismo me da, tanto me da — it's all the same to me, I don't mind

4) [seguido de preposición]
dar a (=estar orientado) [cuarto, ventana] to look out onto, overlook; [fachada] to face
mi habitación da al jardín — my room looks out onto {o} overlooks the garden
darle a (=hacer funcionar) [+ botón] to press; (=golpear) to hit; [+ balón] to kick
dale a la tecla roja — hit {o} press the red key

darle a la bomba — to pump, work the pump

dale más fuerte a la bomba — pump harder

¡dale! — hit him!

no es capaz de darle al balón de cabeza — he can't head the ball
dar con (=encontrar) [+ persona] to find; [+ idea, solución] to hit on, come up with
dimos con él dos horas más tarde — we found him two hours later

al final di con la solución — I finally hit on the solution, I finally came up with the solution

no doy con el nombre — I can't think of the name

• dar [consigo] en — to end up in

dio consigo en la cárcel — he ended up in jail
dar contra (=golpear) to hit
el barco dio contra el puente — the ship hit the bridge
dar de
dar de palos a algn — to give sb a beating

dar de puñetazos a algn — to punch sb

dar de barniz a algo — to varnish sth

• dar de [beber] a algn — to give sb something to drink

• dar de [comer] a algn — to feed sb

• dar de [sí] — [comida, bebida] to go a long way

lo que cada uno puede dar de sí — what each person can contribute
dar en [+ blanco, suelo] to hit; [+ solución] to hit on, come up with
el sol me da en la cara — the sun is in my eyes

• dar en [hacer] algo — to take to doing sth

han dado en llamarle Boko — they've taken to calling him Boko
darle a algn por hacer algo
le ha dado por no venir a clase — he has taken to cutting classes

les dio por venir a vernos — they took it into their heads to come and see us

últimamente le ha dado por el golf — he's taken up golf lately

al chico le daba por dormirse en la clase — the boy was always falling asleep in class

la casa que a alguien le dio por llamar Miramar — the house that someone had the bright idea of calling Miramar
dar para (=ser suficiente) to be enough for
con eso da para cuatro personas — this is enough for four people

mi pobre cabeza no da para más hoy — I don't think my poor head can take any more today

5) dar que hablar to set people talking

una película que da en qué pensar — a thought-provoking film, a film which gives you a lot to think about

3.

See:

darse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

Sentido I

1) ( entregar) to give

dale las llaves a Pedro — give the keys to Pedro

se las di a Jaime — I gave them to Jaime

déme un kilo de peras — can I have a kilo of pears?

500 dólares ¿quién da más? — any advance on 500 dollars?; conocer verbo transitivo 3b, entender verbo transitivo 2b

2) (regalar, donar) to give

¿me lo prestas? - te lo doy, no lo necesito — can I borrow it? - you can keep it, I don't need it

qué no daría por que así fuera! — I'd give anything for that to be the case

donde las dan las toman — two can play at that game

tener para dar y vender — to have plenty to spare

3) <cartas/mano> to deal

4)

a) ( proporcionar) <fuerzas/valor/esperanza> to give

eso me dio la idea — that's where I got the idea from

si le dan la ocasión — if he's given the chance

pide que te den más información — ask them to give you more information

b) (Mús) to give

¿me das el la? — can you give me an A?

5) (conferir, aportar) <sabor/color/forma> to give

las luces le daban un ambiente festivo — the lights gave a festive atmosphere

6)

a) ( aplicar) to give

dale otra capa de barniz — give it another coat of varnish

hay que darle cera al piso — the floor needs waxing

dale una puntada para sujetarlo — put a stitch in to hold it

b) <sedante/masaje> to give

7)

a) ( conceder) <prórroga/permiso> to give

el dentista me dio hora para el miércoles — I have an appointment with the dentist on Wednesday

dan facilidades de pago — they offer easy repayment facilities o terms

nos dieron un premio — we won o got a prize

me dieron un diploma — I got a diploma

no le doy ni un mes a esa relación — I don't think they'll last more than a month together

b) (RPl) ( calcular)

¿qué edad le das? — how old do you think he is?

8)

a) (expresar, decir)

¿le diste las gracias? — did you thank him?, did you say thank you?

no me dio ni los buenos días — she didn't even say hello

dales saludos — give/send them my regards

darle la bienvenida a alguien — to welcome somebody

me dio su parecer or opinión — she gave me her opinion

tuve que darle la noticia — I was the one who had to break the news to him

b) (señalar, indicar)

me da ocupado or (Esp) comunicando — the line's busy o (BrE) engaged

el reloj dio las cinco — the clock struck five

Sentido II

9) ( producir) <fruto/flor> to bear

estos campos dan mucho grano — these fields have a high grain yield

este negocio da mucho dinero — there's a lot of money in this business

esos bonos dan un 7% — those bonds yield 7%

10)

a) ( rendir)

ha dado todo lo que esperaba de él — he has lived up to my/his expectations

ese jugador lo da todo — that player puts everything into the game

b) (AmL) ( alcanzar hasta)

¿cuánto da ese coche? — how fast can that car go?

da 150 kilómetros por hora — it can do o go 150 kilometers an hour

venía a todo lo que daba — it was traveling at full speed

ponen la radio a todo lo que da — they turn the radio on full blast

11) (causar, provocar)

la comida muy salada da sed — salty food makes you thirsty

estos niños dan tanto trabajo! — these kids are such hard work!; (+ me/te/le etc)

¿no te da calor esa camisa? — aren't you too warm in that shirt?

el vino le había dado sueño — the wine had made him sleepy

me da mucha pena verla tan triste — it hurts me to see her so sad

qué susto me has dado! — you gave me such a fright!

este coche no me ha dado problemas — this car hasn't given me any trouble; ver tb asco, hambre, miedo, etc

dar que + inf: el jardín da muchísimo que hacer there's always such a lot to do in the garden; lo que dijo me dio que pensar — what he said gave me plenty to think about; ver tb dar III 1)

Sentido III

12) ( presentar) < concierto> to give

¿qué dan esta noche en la tele? — what's on TV tonight? (colloq)

ayer daban una obra de Calderón — there was a Calderón play on yesterday

¿dónde están dando esa película? — where's that film showing?

13)

a) < fiesta> to give; <baile/banquete> to hold

b) < conferencia> to give; < discurso> (AmL) to make

c) (CS) < examen> to take o (BrE) sit; ver tb clase 5)

Sentido IV

14) ( realizar la acción que se indica)

dar lectura a un comunicado — to read out a communiqué

dar un grito/un suspiro — to give a shout/heave a sigh

dar un paso atrás/adelante — to take a step back/forward

dame un beso/abrazo — give me a kiss/hug; ver tb golpe, paseo, vuelta, etc

Sentido V

15) ( considerar)

dar algo/a alguien por algo: lo dieron por muerto they gave him up for dead; doy por terminada la sesión I declare the session closed; ese tema lo doy por sabido I'm assuming you've already covered that topic; puedes dar por perdido el dinero you can say goodbye to that money; dalo por hecho! consider it done!; si apruebo daré el tiempo por bien empleado — if I pass it will have been time well spent
2.
dar vi

Sentido I

1)

a) ( entregar)

no puedes con todo, dame que te ayudo — you'll never manage all that on your own, here, let me help you

¿me das para un helado? — can I have some money for an ice cream?

b) ( en naipes) to deal

te toca dar a ti — it's your deal

2) (ser suficiente, alcanzar)

dar para algo/alguien: este pollo da para dos comidas this chicken will do for two meals; con una botella no da para todos one bottle's not enough to go round; (+ me/te/le etc) eso no te da ni para un chicle you can't even buy a piece of chewing gum with that; no me dio (el) tiempo I didn't have time; dar de sí to stretch; qué poco dan de sí mil pesetas! a thousand pesetas doesn't go very far!; no dar para más: su inteligencia no da para más that's as much as his brain can cope with; lo que gano no da para más what I earn doesn't go any further; la fiesta no daba para más — the party was beginning to wind down

3) dar a

a) puerta to give onto, open onto; ventana to look onto, give onto

b) fachada/frente ( estar orientado hacia) to face

la terraza da al mar — the balcony overlooks o faces the sea

c) ( llegar hasta) río to flow into, go into; calle to lead to

4) ( arrojar un resultado)

el análisis le dio positivo/negativo — her test was positive/negative

¿cuánto da la cuenta? — what does it come to?

a mí me dio 247 — I made it (to be) 247

5) ( importar)

da lo mismo, ya iremos otro día — it doesn't matter, we'll go another day

qué más da! — what does it matter!

¿qué más da un color que otro? — what difference does it make what color it is?; (+ me/te/le etc)

¿el jueves o el viernes? - me da igual — Thursday or Friday? - I don't mind o it doesn't make any difference to me

¿y a ti qué más te da si él viene? — what's it to you if he comes? (colloq)

Sentido II

6)

a) (pegar, golpear)

darle a alguien — to hit somebody; ( como castigo) to smack somebody

le dio en la cabeza/con un palo — he hit him on the head/with a stick

dale al balón con fuerza — kick the ball hard

te voy a dar (de palos) — I'm going to give you a good beating

el balón dio en el poste — the ball hit the post

b) (fam) (a tarea, asignatura)

darle a algo: me pasé todo el verano dándole al inglés I spent the whole summer working on my English; cómo le da al vino! he really knocks back o (AmE) down the wine (colloq); cómo le han dado al queso! ya casi no queda! — they've certainly been at the cheese, there's hardly any left! (colloq)

c) ( acertar) to hit

dar en el blanco/el centro — to hit the target/the bull's-eye

7) (accionar, mover)

darle a algo — a botón/tecla to press something; a interruptor to flick something; a manivela to turn something; (+ compl)

dale al volante hacia la derecha — turn the wheel to the right

dale a esa palanca hacia arriba — push that lever up

dale para atrás — back up

8)

a) (fam) ( indicando insistencia)

y dale! ya te he dicho que no voy — there you go again! I've told you I'm not going (colloq)

y dale con lo de su edad! — stop going on about her age!

dale que dale or (Esp) dale que te pego! — (fam)

he estado todo el día dale que dale — I've been hard at it all day

dale que dale con lo mismo! — stop going on about it!

b) (RPl fam) ( instando a hacer algo) come on

dale, prestámelo — come on o go on, lend it to me

9) dar con ( encontrar) < persona> to find; < solución> to hit upon, find; < palabra> to come up with

Sentido III

10) (acometer, sobrevenir) (+ me/te/le etc)

le dio un mareo — she felt dizzy

le dio un infarto — he had a heart attack

me va a dar algo — (fam) I'm going to have a fit (colloq); ver tb dar verbo transitivo II 3, escalofrío, frío, gana, etc

11) (hablando de manías, ocurrencias)

darle a alguien por + inf — to take to -ing

le ha dado por pintar — he's taken to painting

le ha dado por decir que... — he's started saying that...

le ha dado por el yoga — she's got into yoga

le ha dado con que me conoce — she's got it into her head that she knows me

12) sol/viento/luz

aquí da el sol toda la mañana — you get the sun all morning here

en esa playa da mucho el viento — it's very windy on that beach

la luz le daba de lleno en los ojos — the light was shining right in his eyes
3.
1) darse v pron

Sentido I

2) ( producirse) to grow

en esta zona se da bien el trigo — wheat grows well in this area

3) ( presentarse) oportunidad/ocasión to arise

se dio el caso que iba pasando por ahí — it so happened that I was passing by

4) ( resultar) (+ me/te/le etc)

se le dan los idiomas — she's good at languages

¿cómo se te da a ti la costura? — are you any good at sewing?

Sentido II

5)

a) (dedicarse, entregarse)

darse a algo: se dio a la bebida she took to drink; se ha dado por entero a su familia/a la causa — she has devoted herself entirely to her family/to the cause

b) (CS, Ven) ( ser sociable)

darse con alguien — to get on with somebody

no se da con los suegros — she doesn't have much to do with her in-laws

Sentido III

6)

a) (refl) ( realizar la acción que se indica)

me di una ducha — I took o had a shower

darse un banquete — to have a feast

dárselas de algo: se las da de que sabe mucho he likes to make out he knows a lot; dárselas de listo to act smart; ¿y de qué se las da ése? — who does he think he is?

b) (golpearse, pegarse)

se dio con el martillo en el dedo — he hit his finger with the hammer

no te vayas a dar con la cabeza contra el techo — don't hit o bang your head on the ceiling

se dieron contra un árbol — they crashed into a tree

se dio dar un golpe en la rodilla — he hit his knee

c) (recípr)

se estaban dando (de) patadas/puñetazos — they were kicking/punching each other

Sentido IV

7) ( considerarse)

darse por algo: con eso me daría por satisfecha I'd be quite happy with that; darse por vencido — to give up; ver tb aludir a, enterado 1

* * *

= allow, give, issue, pitch, hand over, pass over, give away, give out, get + free.

Ex. Folders allow a set of papers to be kept together when a set on a given topic is removed from the file.

Ex. An abstract of a bibliography can be expected to note whether author affiliations are given = Es de esperar que el resumen de una bibliografía indique si se incluyen los lugares de trabajo de los autores.

Ex. Once a user is registered, a password will be issued which provides access to all or most of the data bases offered by the host as and when the user wishes.

Ex. Thus pitching instructions at the right level can be difficult.

Ex. Eventually, teachers should be able to ' hand the chalk over to the students' and take a back seat.

Ex. She also indicated in passing that in future authors would not automatically pass over the copyright of research results in papers to publishers.

Ex. This must be done in a fully commercial way, not by giving away machines or paper, nor by giving away imported books.

Ex. Similarly, equipment such as this can often give out quite a lot of heat which has to be adequately dissipated.

Ex. Most people know 'earbuds' as the cheap-o earphones you get free with a cell phone.

----

* acción de dar un nombre a Algo = naming.

* antes de darse cuenta = before + Pronombre + know what + happen, before + Pronombre + know it.

* con la sabiduría que da la experiencia = with the benefit of hindsight.

* cosas que dan miedo = things that go bump in the night.

* da la casualidad = as it happens.

* dale alas a tu imaginación = let + your imagination fly!.

* dando sacudidas = jerkily.

* dar el esquinazo a = give + Nombre + a wide berth.

* dar a = look onto, give onto, overlook.

* dar a Algo el nombre de = earn + Nombre + the name of.

* dar a Algo más importancia de la que tiene = oversell.

* dar a Algo una nueva dimensión = take + Nombre + into a new dimension.

* dar a Algo una nueva perspectiva = give + Nombre + a new twist.

* dar a Alguien el beneficio de la duda = give + Nombre + the benefit of the doubt.

* dar a Alguien una mano y te cogen el brazo = give + Pronombre + an inch and + Pronombre + take a mile, give + Pronombre + an inch and + Pronombre + take a mile.

* dar a Alguien una oportunidad de triunfar = give + Nombre + a fighting chance.

* dar a Alguien una palmada en la espalda = pat + Alguien + on the back for + Algo.

* dar a Alguien una palmadita en la espalda = pat + Alguien + on the back for + Algo.

* dar a Alguien una puñalada por la espalda = stab + Alguien + in the back.

* dar a Alguien una puñalada trapera = stab + Alguien + in the back.

* dar a Alguien un margen de confianza = give + Nombre + the benefit of the doubt.

* dar abasto = cope.

* dar abasto con = cope with.

* dar acceso = provide + access.

* dar acceso a = give + access to.

* dar a conocer = bring to + the attention, communicate, publicise [publicize, -USA], report, articulate, make + known.

* dar a conocer la presencia de = make + Posesivo + presence known.

* dar a entender = give to + understand, hint, send + a clear signal that, lull + Nombre + into thinking, insinuate, intimate.

* dar agua = lose + water, leak.

* dar a la calle = give onto + the street.

* dar a la caza de = chase down.

* dar Algo a conocer = get + the word out.

* dar alguna esperanza = give + some cause for hope.

* dar al traste con los planes = upset + the applecart.

* dar al traste con + Posesivo + planes = upset + Posesivo + plans, ruin + Posesivo + plans.

* dar al traste con todo = upset + the applecart.

* dar a luz = birth, deliver.

* dar a luz a = give + birth to.

* dar ánimos = give + a word of encouragement, hearten.

* dar apoyo = give + support, support, provide + support.

* dar asco = stink, disgust.

* dar aullidos = caterwaul.

* dar autoría = lend + authoritativeness.

* dar autoridad a Algo = lend + authority to.

* dar bandazos = lurch.

* dar bastante importancia a = place + great store on.

* dar brillo a = buff, buff up.

* dar buen uso a Algo = put to + good use.

* dar cabida a = accommodate, include, hold, take, make + room (for), leave + room for, leave + room for.

* dar cabida al crecimiento = accommodate + growth.

* dar caladas = puff.

* dar calidad = deliver + value.

* dar caprichos = pamper.

* dar cera = wax.

* dar chillidos = shriek.

* dar cien mil vueltas = beat + Nombre + hands down, win + hands down.

* dar clase = give + a lesson, teach + class, teach + lesson, hold + class.

* dar coba = toady, fawn (on/upon/over).

* dar comienzo a = give + a start to.

* dar como ejemplo = cite + as an example.

* dar como norma = rule.

* dar como resultado = add up to, result (in), lead to.

* dar con = hit on/upon, put + Posesivo + finger on, stumble on.

* dar conferencia = lecture.

* dar consejo sobre = give + advice on.

* dar consentimiento = give + licence.

* dar con una esponja húmeda = sponging.

* dar con una idea = hit on/upon + idea.

* dar con una solución = come up with + solution.

* dar coraje = peeve.

* dar corte = self-conscious, feel + shy.

* dar credibilidad = give + credence, lend + credence, bestow + credibility, provide + credibility.

* dar crédito = give + credence.

* dar cualquier cosa por Algo = give + an eye-tooth for/to.

* dar cuenta = render + an account of.

* dar cuenta de = account for.

* dar cuenta de Algo = be held to account.

* dar cuerda a un reloj = wind + clock.

* dar cuerpo = give + substance.

* dar cuerpo a = flesh out.

* dar cuerpo y forma a = lend + substance and form to.

* dar datos de = give + details of.

* dar de alta = discharge from + hospital.

* dar de baja = take out of + circulation.

* dar de cara a = front.

* dar de comer = feed.

* dar de lado = short-circuit [shortcircuit], give + Nombre + the cold shoulder.

* dar de lleno = hit + home.

* dar de mala gana = begrudge, grudge.

* dar de mamar = breast-feeding [breastfeeding].

* dar de mamar a = breast-feed [breastfeed].

* dar demasiada información y muy rápidamente = trot out.

* dar de qué hablar = raise + eyebrows, fuel + rumours, give + rise to rumours.

* dar de quilla = keel over.

* dar derecho a = entitle to.

* dar descanso de = give + relief from.

* dar de sí = stretch out.

* dar detalles de = give + details of.

* dar de Uno mismo = give of + Reflexivo.

* dar dinero = pay + money, donate + Posesivo + money.

* dar dirección = lend + direction.

* dar directrices = give + guidance, provide + guidance.

* dar duro = pack + a wallop.

* dar ejemplo = set + an example, lead by + example.

* dar ejemplo de = illustrate.

* dar el brazo a torcer = give in to.

* dar el brazo derecho = give + Posesivo + right arm.

* dar el do de pecho = do + Posesivo + best, pull out + all the stops, do + Posesivo + utmost.

* dar el efecto de = give + the effect of.

* dar el esquinazo = dodge.

* dar el esquinazo a = steer + clear of, steer away from.

* dar el golpe de gracia = administer + the coup de grace, deliver + the coup de grace.

* dar el nombre = label.

* dar el oro y el moro = give + Posesivo + right arm.

* dar el pecho = breast-feed [breastfeed].

* dar el pésame = pass + Posesivo + condolences.

* dar el pistoletazo de salida = fire + the starting gun.

* dar el primer paso = make + a start, take + the first step.

* dar el puntillazo a = put + an end to, bring + an end to, bring to + an end.

* dar el salto = make + the leap.

* dar el todo por el todo = give + Posesivo + all.

* dar el último empujón = go + the last mile, go + the extra mile.

* dar el último repaso = tie + the pieces together.

* dar el visto bueno = approve, clear, give + green light, give + the go-ahead.

* dar el visto bueno a una factura = clear + invoice.

* dar el/un espectáculo = make + a spectacle of + Reflexivo.

* dar empujones = shove.

* dar en el blanco = hit + the bull's eye, strike + home, put + Posesivo + finger on, hit + the truth, hit + home.

* dar en el clavo = hit + the nail on the head, be spot on, strike + home, put + Posesivo + finger on, hit + the truth.

* dar en el larguero = hit + the crossbar, hit + the crossbar.

* dar en el travesaño = hit + the crossbar.

* dar energía = energise [energize, -USA].

* dar énfasis = give + emphasis, place + stress, give + stress.

* dar énfasis a = place + emphasis on.

* dar en garantía = pawn.

* dar en la diana = hit + home.

* dar en mano = hand (over).

* dar entrada = enter.

* dar esperanza = nurture + hope, give + hope, bring + visions of.

* dar esperanzas = raise + expectations, raise + hopes.

* dar estímulo = provide + boost.

* dar evasivas = stonewall, play for + time.

* dar evidencia = furnish with + evidence.

* dar fe = attest, certify.

* dar fe de = testify (to/of), vouch (for), be testimony to.

* dar fe de que = attest to + the fact that.

* dar fin = bring to + a close, draw to + a close, wind down.

* dar forma = become + cast, give + shape, shape, mould [mold, -USA], inform.

* dar forma cuadrada = square.

* dar fruto = bear + fruit, come to + fruition.

* dar fuerte = pack + a wallop.

* dar fuerza = empower, bring + strength.

* dar gato por liebre = buy + a pig in a poke, pass off + a lemon.

* dar golpes = pound.

* dar gracias por lo que Uno tiene = count + Posesivo + blessings.

* dar gritos = shriek, shout.

* dar guerra = act up, play up.

* dar gustirrinín = tickle + Posesivo + fancy.

* dar gusto = oblige, bring + pleasure, flavour [flavor, -USA].

* dar hipo = hiccup.

* dar ideas = offer + clues.

* da rienda suelta a tu imaginación = let + your imagination fly!.

* dar ímpetu = lend + force, give + impetus.

* dar importancia = attach + importance, give + prominence, stress, give + pre-eminence, give + relevance, place + importance, give + importance.

* dar importancia a = give + weight to, place + emphasis on, attach + weight to, create + a high profile for, give + a high profile, place + weight on.

* dar importancia a Algo = put + Algo + on the agenda, be on the agenda.

* dar indicios de = show + signs of.

* dar indicios y pistas = drop + hints and clues.

* dar información = provide + information, give + information, release + information.

* dar información adicional = give + further details.

* dar información de = give + details of.

* dar interés = spice up, add + spice.

* dar la alarma = sound + alarm.

* dar la apariencia de = place + a veneer of.

* dar la bienvenida = welcome.

* dar la casualidad que + Indicativo = happen to + Infinitivo, chance to + Infinitivo.

* dar la cuenta atrás = count + Nombre + out.

* dar la enhorabuena = give + congratulations.

* dar la entrada para = make + a deposit on.

* dar la espalda = turn + aside.

* dar la idea = give + the impression that.

* dar la imagen = give + the impression that.

* dar la impresión = convey + impression, strike + Pronombre Personal, give + the impression that, confer + impression, come off as.

* dar la impresión de = contrive, conjure up + a picture of, come across as.

* dar la impresión de seriedad en el trabajo = appear + businesslike.

* dar la la lata = nag (at).

* dar la lata = play up.

* dar la mano = extend + Posesivo + hand.

* dar la mano derecha = give + Posesivo + right arm.

* dar la murga = be a pest.

* dar la noticia = give + the news.

* dar la opinión sobre = give + opinion on.

* dar la oportunidad = give + chance.

* dar la oportunidad de = present with + opportunities for, allow + the opportunity to.

* dar la oportunidad de expresarse libremente = give + voice to.

* dar la oportunidad de opinar = give + voice to.

* dar la puntilla a = put + an end to, bring + an end to, bring to + an end.

* dar largas = stonewall, play for + time, fob + Alguien + off with + Algo.

* dar las cosas masticadas = spoon-feeding [spoonfeeding], spoon-feed [spoon feed/spoonfeed].

* dar la sensación = give + a sense.

* dar la sensación de = give + the effect of.

* dar la señal = give + the word, give + the signal.

* dar la señal de alarma = sound + the clarion.

* dar la señal de alerta = sound + the clarion.

* dar la señal de estar listo = prompt.

* dar lástima = feel + sorry for, pity.

* dar la talla = be up to the mark, be up to scratch, measure up (to), be up to snuff, make + the cut.

* dar latigazos = lash.

* dar la vida = lay down + Posesivo + life, give + Posesivo + life.

* dar la vuelta = turn + Nombre + (a)round, flip, swing around, swing back, turn (a)round.

* dar la vuelta a = round, turn on + its head.

* dar la vuelta en el aire = give + a toss.

* darle a Alguien carta blanca = give + Nombre + a blank cheque.

* darle a Alguien un cheque en blanco = give + Nombre + a blank cheque.

* darle a la botella = booze.

* darle a la lengua = shoot + the breeze, shoot + the bull.

* darle a la manivela de arranque = turn + the crank.

* darle alas a Alguien = let + Nombre + do things + Posesivo + (own) way.

* darle al palique = gas.

* darle a Uno escalofríos por Algo desagradable = make + Nombre + flinch.

* darle caña = hurry up, get + a move on, put + pressure on.

* darle caña a = have + a go at, get + stuck into.

* dar lecciones = give + lessons.

* darle cien mil vueltas a Alguien = knock + spots off + Nombre.

* darle el puntillazo = nail it.

* darle la razón a Alguien = side in + Posesivo + favour.

* darle largas = play + Nombre + along.

* darle largas a Algo = drag + Posesivo + feet, drag + Posesivo + heels.

* darle la vuelta a la tortilla = turn + the tables (on).

* darle sopas con hondas a Alguien = knock + spots off + Nombre.

* darle una interpretación = give + interpretation.

* darle una lección a Alguien = school.

* darle una paliza a Alguien = take + Nombre + to the cleaners, give + Nombre + a beating, school.

* darle un buen repaso a Alguien = take + Nombre + to the cleaners.

* darle un repaso a = buff up on, brush up on.

* darle un repaso a Alguien = school.

* darle vueltas a = dwell on/upon.

* darle vueltas a Algo = mull over, agonise over [agonize, -USA].

* darle vueltas a la idea = toy with, toy with + idea of.

* darle vueltas a la idea de = flirt with + the idea of.

* darle vueltas a un asunto = chew + the cud.

* darle vueltas a un problema = puzzle over + problem.

* dar libertad = give + licence.

* dar libertad a un esclavo = manumit.

* dar libertad para + Infinitivo = afford + the freedom to + Infinitivo.

* dar lo mejor de Uno mismo = give of + Posesivo + best.

* dar los pasos necesarios = take + steps.

* dar los primeros pasos en = venture into.

* dar los últimos retoques a = put + the finishing touches on.

* dar lugar = produce.

* dar lugar a = cause, generate, give + rise to, mean, result (in), leave + room for, bring about, lead to, cause, open + the door to, give + cause to, give + occasion to.

* dar lugar a la reflexión = provide + food for thought.

* dar lugar a problemas = give + rise to problems.

* dar lugar a queja = evoke + complaint.

* dar lugar a rumores = fuel + rumours, give + rise to rumours.

* dar luz verde = give + green light, give + the go-ahead.

* dar mala impresión = look + bad.

* dar marcha atrás = do + an about-face, back up, backpedal [back-pedal].

* dar masaje = massage.

* dar más de sí = go further.

* dar más explicaciones = elaborate on.

* dar materia para la reflexión = provide + food for thought.

* dar mayor importancia a = give + pride of place to.

* dar media vuelta = do + an about-face.

* dar mejora (en) = give + improvement (in).

* dar menos de lo debido = shortchange.

* dar mucha importancia = put + a premium on.

* dar mucho en qué pensar = give + Nombre + much to think about, give + Nombre + a lot to think about.

* dar mucho valor a Algo = value + Nombre + highly.

* dar muestras de = show + signs of.

* dar + Nombre + una oportunidad = give + Nombre + a fair chance.

* dar notoriedad a = create + a high profile for, give + a high profile.

* dar nueva forma = reformat [re-format].

* dar nueva vida = give + Nombre + new life, give + a second life.

* dar opción = give + option.

* dar origen = mother.

* dar origen a = give + rise to, bring about, lead to, give + cause to, give + occasion to.

* dar otro paso muy importante = reach + another milestone.

* dar pábulo a = fuel, spark off.

* dar pábulo a rumores = fuel + rumours, give + rise to rumours.

* dar palos de ciego = grope (for/toward).

* dar pánico = scare + the living daylights out of, frighten + the living daylights out of, dread, scare + the hell out of.

* dar parte de = report.

* dar paso (a) = give + way (to), yield to, make + way (for).

* dar patadas en el estómago = stick in + Posesivo + craw.

* dar pavor = be scared stiff, be frightened to death, be petrified of, be terrified, scare + the living daylights out of, frighten + the living daylights out of, scare + the hell out of.

* dar pecho = breast-feeding [breastfeeding].

* dar pereza = can't/couldn't be bothered.

* dar permiso = give + permission, give + time off, grant + Alguien + leave.

* dar permiso en el trabajo = give + time off work.

* dar pie a = spark off, give + rise to, bring about, lead to, cause, open + the door to, give + cause to, give + occasion to.

* dar pisotones = stomp.

* dar pistas = throw + hints.

* dar pistas falsas = throw out + false leads.

* dar placer = give + pleasure, give + enjoyment.

* dar poderes = give + powers.

* dar por = tickle + Posesivo + fancy.

* dar por concluido = put to + bed, close + the book on.

* dar por culo = piss + Nombre + off.

* dar por descontado = take for + granted, discount.

* dar por hecho = take for + granted.

* dar por perdido = be past praying for, write off.

* dar por saldado = close + the book on.

* dar por seguro que = rest + assured that.

* dar por sentado = take for + granted.

* dar por sentado Algo que realmente no lo está = beg + the question.

* dar + Posesivo + vida = give + Posesivo + all.

* dar preferencia = give + preference.

* dar prestigio = lend + authoritativeness.

* dar prioridad = award + priority, emphasise [emphasize, -USA], give + priority, give + precedence, assign + priority, give + preference.

* dar prioridad a = give + pride of place to, place + emphasis on, prioritise [prioritize, -USA].

* dar prioridad a algo = make + a priority.

* dar problemas = play up.

* dar propina = tipping.

* dar pruebas = provide + evidence.

* dar publicidad = publicise [publicize, -USA], give + publicity.

* dar puntapiés = kick + Posesivo + feet.

* dar punzadas = throb, twinge.

* dar quebraderos de cabeza = give + headaches.

* dar que hablar = fuel + rumours, give + rise to rumours, raise + eyebrows.

* dar quehacer = make + trouble.

* dar rabia = incense, gall, peeve.

* dar razón de ser = bring + purpose.

* dar recompensa = mete out + reward.

* dar registro = accession.

* dar relevancia = give + relevance.

* dar relevancia a = create + a high profile for, give + a high profile.

* dar relevancia a Algo = put + Algo + on the agenda.

* dar resoplidos = chug.

* dar respuesta = provide + answer, elicit + answer, develop + answer.

* dar resultado = be successful, give + result, work, pay off, be a success, pay.

* dar resultados = produce + results.

* dar rienda suelta = unleash.

* dar rienda suelta a = give + free rein to, allow + vent for, give + vent to, vent.

* dar rienda suelta a + Nombre = let + Nombre + run riot.

* dar riqueza a = add + richness to.

* dar risitas = giggle.

* dar sabor = spice up, add + spice.

* dar salida a = vent.

* dar saltitos = hop, skip.

* dar sangre = donate + Posesivo + blood.

* darse = appear, occur.

* darse a = lend + Reflexivo + to.

* darse aires = strut.

* darse aires de grandeza = give + Reflexivo + such airs, aggrandise + Reflexivo.

* darse a la fuga = flee, lam (it), go into + hiding, make + a quick getaway, take to + Posesivo + heels, run off.

* darse a los demás = give of + Reflexivo.

* darse con un canto en los dientes = count + Reflexivo + lucky, think + Reflexivo + lucky, consider + Reflexivo + lucky.

* darse cuenta = become + aware, dawn on, detect, perceive, find, note, make + aware, come to + realise, wise up, reach + understanding, eye + catch, strike + home, suss (out), hit + home.

* darse cuenta de = be aware of, be cognisant of, realise [realize, -USA], sense, wake up to, sink in, become + cognisant of, see through.

* darse cuenta del peligro que = see + the danger that.

* darse cuenta de un problema = alight on + problem.

* darse de baja de una suscripción = unsubscribe.

* darse el caso que + Indicativo = happen to + Infinitivo, chance to + Infinitivo.

* darse el gusto de = indulge in.

* darse el gusto de comprar = splurge on.

* darse el lote = snog, neck.

* darse el lujo de = splurge on.

* darse golpes de pecho = beat + Posesivo + breast.

* darse golpes en el pecho = beat + Posesivo + breast.

* darse la mano = join + hands, shake + hand.

* dárselas de = fancy + Reflexivo.

* dársele Algo bien a Uno = be good at.

* dársele a Uno bien las plantas = have + a green thumb, have + green fingers.

* dársele a Uno mejor Algo = be better at.

* dársele mejor a Uno = do + best.

* darse media vuelta = turn on + Posesivo + heel.

* darse (muchos) aires = give + Reflexivo + such airs, aggrandise + Reflexivo.

* dar sentido = make + sense (out) of, make + sense of life.

* dar sentido a = make + meaningful, give + meaning to.

* dar sentido a las cosas = sense-making, meaning making.

* dar sentido a la vida = give + meaning to life.

* dar sentido a + Posesivo + vida = make + sense of + Posesivo + life.

* dar señales de = show + signs of.

* dar señales de vida = show + signs of life.

* darse por afortunado = count + Reflexivo + lucky, think + Reflexivo + lucky, consider + Reflexivo + lucky.

* darse por aludido = take + things personally, take + a hint, take + things personally, get + a hint.

* darse por derrotado = sound + note of defeat.

* darse por vencido = throw in + the towel, throw in/up + the sponge.

* darse prisa = hurry, hurry up, get on + Posesivo + running shoes, shake + a leg, hot-foot it to, make + haste, rattle + Posesivo + dags, get + a wiggle on, put + Posesivo + skates on, get + Posesivo + skates on, get + a move on.

* darse prisa con calma = make + haste slowly.

* dar servicio = service.

* darse una comilona = make + a pig of + Reflexivo, pig out (on).

* darse una leche = come + a cropper.

* darse un apretón de manos = clasp + hands.

* darse una situación más esperanzadora = sound + a note of hope.

* darse un atracón = make + a pig of + Reflexivo, pig out (on), stuff + Posesivo + face.

* darse una transacción económica = cash + change hands.

* darse una tripotada = make + a pig of + Reflexivo, pig out (on).

* darse una vacante = occur + vacancy.

* darse un baño de sol = sunbathe.

* darse un chapuzón = take + a dip.

* darse un descanso = give + Reflexivo + a break, rest on + Posesivo + oars.

* darse un festín de = feast on.

* darse un garbeo = mosey.

* darse un porrazo = come + a cropper.

* darse un respiro = lie on + Posesivo + oars, rest on + Posesivo + oars.

* darse un tortazo = come + a cropper.

* dar significado = imbue with + meaning.

* dar sombra = shade.

* dar su conformidad a = assent to.

* dar sugerencias = give + suggestions.

* dar terror = scare + the living daylights out of.

* dar testimonio = bear + witness, give + testimony.

* dar tiempo = give + time, donate + Posesivo + time.

* dar tiempo a Alguien = give + Nombre + some time.

* dar título = title.

* dar todo de Uno mismo = give of + Posesivo + best.

* dar todo el oro del mundo = give + Posesivo + right arm.

* dar tono = tone.

* dar trabajo = present + burden.

* dar una advertencia = raise + caveat, issue + warning.

* dar una apariencia de = provide + a semblance of, give + a semblance of.

* dar una azotaina = spank.

* dar una bofetada = cuff, slap.

* dar una bofetada a Alguien = give + Nombre + a slap in the face.

* dar una buena paliza = whitewash, thrash.

* dar una cabezadita = nap, catching 10, napping.

* dar una carcajada = give + a laugh, let out + a laugh.

* dar una charla = give + address, give + a talk, give + a presentation, give + speech.

* dar una conferencia = deliver + talk, make + a speech, give + speech, deliver + lecture, give + a lecture.

* dar una contractura muscular = pull + a muscle.

* dar una cornada = gore.

* dar una excusa = give + excuse.

* dar una explicación = present + explanation.

* dar una falsa impresión = keep up + facade, put on + an act.

* dar una fiesta = give + a party.

* dar una galleta = slap.

* dar una guantada = slap.

* dar una idea = give + idea, give + glimpse, provide + an understanding.

* dar una idea de = give + a feel for, give + indication, provide + a glimpse of, give + a flavour of, be indicative of, provide + insight into, give + a picture, give + an insight into, give + an inkling of.

* dar una idea general = put in + the picture, give + a general picture, paint + a broad picture.

* dar una imagen = convey + image, present + picture, paint + a picture, present + an image, present + a picture.

* dar una imagen de = give + an impression of.

* dar una impresión = make + an impression, leave + an impression, present + an image.

* dar una impresión de = give + an impression of.

* dar una impresión equivocada = send + the wrong signals.

* dar una lección de humildad = humble.

* dar una llamada de atención = sound + a wake-up call.

* dar una norma = give + prescription.

* dar una opinión = offer + opinion.

* dar una oportunidad = give + opportunity, provide + opportunity, grant + opportunity, present + an opportunity, create + opportunity.

* dar una oportunidad a Alguien = give + Nombre + a head start.

* dar una orden = issue + command, issue + instruction.

* dar una paliza = clobber, pummel, slaughter, knock + the living daylights out of, knock + the hell out out of, whip, whitewash, thrash, wallop, lick, baste, take + a pounding, take + a beating, belt, trounce, beat + Nombre + (all) hollow.

* dar una paliza a Alguien = beat + Nombre + up, beat + Nombre + black and blue.

* dar una patada = kick, boot.

* dar una pista = give + a hint.

* dar una posibilidad = afford + opportunity.

* dar un apretón de manos = shake + hand.

* dar una rabieta = throw + a tantrum.

* dar una razón = give + reason.

* dar una respuesta = furnish + answer, frame + response.

* dar una sacudida = give + a shake, give + a jerk.

* dar una segunda oportunidad = give + a second chance.

* dar una segunda vida = give + a second life.

* dar una solución = provide + solution, develop + solution.

* dar una solución por buena que realmente no lo es = beg + the solution.

* dar un aspecto + Adjetivo = give + a + Adjetivo + look.

* dar un ataque de nervios = have + an attack of hysterics.

* dar una torta = slap.

* dar una torta a Alguien = give + Nombre + a slap in the face.

* dar una tunda = trounce.

* dar una ventaja = give + Nombre + an edge.

* dar una ventaja a Alguien = give + Nombre + a head start.

* dar una visión = present + view, provide + an understanding.

* dar una visión general = give + a general picture.

* dar una visión global = give + overview, present + an overview, present + an overall picture, give + an overall picture, overview.

* dar una visión total = give + a complete picture.

* dar un aviso = make + warning.

* dar una voltereta = somersault, do + a somersault, summersault.

* dar una voz = holler.

* dar una vuelta de campana = capsize, somersault, do + a somersault, summersault.

* dar una vuelta en coche = go out for + a drive.

* dar un berrinche = throw + a tantrum.

* dar un beso de despedida = kiss + Nombre + goodbye.

* dar un bocado a = take + a bite out of.

* dar un bofetón = cuff, slap.

* dar un bofetón a Alguien = give + Nombre + a slap in the face.

* dar un cachete = spank, cuff, slap.

* dar un cachete a Alguien = slap + Nombre + on the wrist.

* dar un calambre = cramp.

* dar un chillido = holler.

* dar un comienzo a = give + a start to.

* dar un coscorrón = cuff.

* dar un ejemplo = give + example.

* dar un empujón = give + a boost.

* dar un golpe = knock.

* dar un golpe por detrás = rear-end.

* dar un gran paso adelante = reach + milestone.

* dar un grito = holler.

* dar un guantazo = slap.

* dar un hachazo = hack.

* dar un hervor = parboil.

* dar un impulso = kick-start [kickstart].

* dar un lavado de cara = spruce up.

* dar un manotazo = swat at, cuff, slap.

* dar un manotazo a Alguien = give + Nombre + a slap in the face.

* dar un nivel de prioridad alto = put + Nombre + high on + Posesivo + list of priorities.

* dar un nuevo acabado = refinish.

* dar un nuevo impulso = pep up.

* dar un nuevo nombre = rename.

* dar un ojo de la cara por Algo = give + an eye-tooth for/to.

* dar unos azotes = spank.

* dar un paseo = take + a stroll.

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

Sentido I

1) ( entregar) to give

dale las llaves a Pedro — give the keys to Pedro

se las di a Jaime — I gave them to Jaime

déme un kilo de peras — can I have a kilo of pears?

500 dólares ¿quién da más? — any advance on 500 dollars?; conocer verbo transitivo 3b, entender verbo transitivo 2b

2) (regalar, donar) to give

¿me lo prestas? - te lo doy, no lo necesito — can I borrow it? - you can keep it, I don't need it

qué no daría por que así fuera! — I'd give anything for that to be the case

donde las dan las toman — two can play at that game

tener para dar y vender — to have plenty to spare

3) <cartas/mano> to deal

4)

a) ( proporcionar) <fuerzas/valor/esperanza> to give

eso me dio la idea — that's where I got the idea from

si le dan la ocasión — if he's given the chance

pide que te den más información — ask them to give you more information

b) (Mús) to give

¿me das el la? — can you give me an A?

5) (conferir, aportar) <sabor/color/forma> to give

las luces le daban un ambiente festivo — the lights gave a festive atmosphere

6)

a) ( aplicar) to give

dale otra capa de barniz — give it another coat of varnish

hay que darle cera al piso — the floor needs waxing

dale una puntada para sujetarlo — put a stitch in to hold it

b) <sedante/masaje> to give

7)

a) ( conceder) <prórroga/permiso> to give

el dentista me dio hora para el miércoles — I have an appointment with the dentist on Wednesday

dan facilidades de pago — they offer easy repayment facilities o terms

nos dieron un premio — we won o got a prize

me dieron un diploma — I got a diploma

no le doy ni un mes a esa relación — I don't think they'll last more than a month together

b) (RPl) ( calcular)

¿qué edad le das? — how old do you think he is?

8)

a) (expresar, decir)

¿le diste las gracias? — did you thank him?, did you say thank you?

no me dio ni los buenos días — she didn't even say hello

dales saludos — give/send them my regards

darle la bienvenida a alguien — to welcome somebody

me dio su parecer or opinión — she gave me her opinion

tuve que darle la noticia — I was the one who had to break the news to him

b) (señalar, indicar)

me da ocupado or (Esp) comunicando — the line's busy o (BrE) engaged

el reloj dio las cinco — the clock struck five

Sentido II

9) ( producir) <fruto/flor> to bear

estos campos dan mucho grano — these fields have a high grain yield

este negocio da mucho dinero — there's a lot of money in this business

esos bonos dan un 7% — those bonds yield 7%

10)

a) ( rendir)

ha dado todo lo que esperaba de él — he has lived up to my/his expectations

ese jugador lo da todo — that player puts everything into the game

b) (AmL) ( alcanzar hasta)

¿cuánto da ese coche? — how fast can that car go?

da 150 kilómetros por hora — it can do o go 150 kilometers an hour

venía a todo lo que daba — it was traveling at full speed

ponen la radio a todo lo que da — they turn the radio on full blast

11) (causar, provocar)

la comida muy salada da sed — salty food makes you thirsty

estos niños dan tanto trabajo! — these kids are such hard work!; (+ me/te/le etc)

¿no te da calor esa camisa? — aren't you too warm in that shirt?

el vino le había dado sueño — the wine had made him sleepy

me da mucha pena verla tan triste — it hurts me to see her so sad

qué susto me has dado! — you gave me such a fright!

este coche no me ha dado problemas — this car hasn't given me any trouble; ver tb asco, hambre, miedo, etc

dar que + inf: el jardín da muchísimo que hacer there's always such a lot to do in the garden; lo que dijo me dio que pensar — what he said gave me plenty to think about; ver tb dar III 1)

Sentido III

12) ( presentar) < concierto> to give

¿qué dan esta noche en la tele? — what's on TV tonight? (colloq)

ayer daban una obra de Calderón — there was a Calderón play on yesterday

¿dónde están dando esa película? — where's that film showing?

13)

a) < fiesta> to give; <baile/banquete> to hold

b) < conferencia> to give; < discurso> (AmL) to make

c) (CS) < examen> to take o (BrE) sit; ver tb clase 5)

Sentido IV

14) ( realizar la acción que se indica)

dar lectura a un comunicado — to read out a communiqué

dar un grito/un suspiro — to give a shout/heave a sigh

dar un paso atrás/adelante — to take a step back/forward

dame un beso/abrazo — give me a kiss/hug; ver tb golpe, paseo, vuelta, etc

Sentido V

15) ( considerar)

dar algo/a alguien por algo: lo dieron por muerto they gave him up for dead; doy por terminada la sesión I declare the session closed; ese tema lo doy por sabido I'm assuming you've already covered that topic; puedes dar por perdido el dinero you can say goodbye to that money; dalo por hecho! consider it done!; si apruebo daré el tiempo por bien empleado — if I pass it will have been time well spent
2.
dar vi

Sentido I

1)

a) ( entregar)

no puedes con todo, dame que te ayudo — you'll never manage all that on your own, here, let me help you

¿me das para un helado? — can I have some money for an ice cream?

b) ( en naipes) to deal

te toca dar a ti — it's your deal

2) (ser suficiente, alcanzar)

dar para algo/alguien: este pollo da para dos comidas this chicken will do for two meals; con una botella no da para todos one bottle's not enough to go round; (+ me/te/le etc) eso no te da ni para un chicle you can't even buy a piece of chewing gum with that; no me dio (el) tiempo I didn't have time; dar de sí to stretch; qué poco dan de sí mil pesetas! a thousand pesetas doesn't go very far!; no dar para más: su inteligencia no da para más that's as much as his brain can cope with; lo que gano no da para más what I earn doesn't go any further; la fiesta no daba para más — the party was beginning to wind down

3) dar a

a) puerta to give onto, open onto; ventana to look onto, give onto

b) fachada/frente ( estar orientado hacia) to face

la terraza da al mar — the balcony overlooks o faces the sea

c) ( llegar hasta) río to flow into, go into; calle to lead to

4) ( arrojar un resultado)

el análisis le dio positivo/negativo — her test was positive/negative

¿cuánto da la cuenta? — what does it come to?

a mí me dio 247 — I made it (to be) 247

5) ( importar)

da lo mismo, ya iremos otro día — it doesn't matter, we'll go another day

qué más da! — what does it matter!

¿qué más da un color que otro? — what difference does it make what color it is?; (+ me/te/le etc)

¿el jueves o el viernes? - me da igual — Thursday or Friday? - I don't mind o it doesn't make any difference to me

¿y a ti qué más te da si él viene? — what's it to you if he comes? (colloq)

Sentido II

6)

a) (pegar, golpear)

darle a alguien — to hit somebody; ( como castigo) to smack somebody

le dio en la cabeza/con un palo — he hit him on the head/with a stick

dale al balón con fuerza — kick the ball hard

te voy a dar (de palos) — I'm going to give you a good beating

el balón dio en el poste — the ball hit the post

b) (fam) (a tarea, asignatura)

darle a algo: me pasé todo el verano dándole al inglés I spent the whole summer working on my English; cómo le da al vino! he really knocks back o (AmE) down the wine (colloq); cómo le han dado al queso! ya casi no queda! — they've certainly been at the cheese, there's hardly any left! (colloq)

c) ( acertar) to hit

dar en el blanco/el centro — to hit the target/the bull's-eye

7) (accionar, mover)

darle a algo — a botón/tecla to press something; a interruptor to flick something; a manivela to turn something; (+ compl)

dale al volante hacia la derecha — turn the wheel to the right

dale a esa palanca hacia arriba — push that lever up

dale para atrás — back up

8)

a) (fam) ( indicando insistencia)

y dale! ya te he dicho que no voy — there you go again! I've told you I'm not going (colloq)

y dale con lo de su edad! — stop going on about her age!

dale que dale or (Esp) dale que te pego! — (fam)

he estado todo el día dale que dale — I've been hard at it all day

dale que dale con lo mismo! — stop going on about it!

b) (RPl fam) ( instando a hacer algo) come on

dale, prestámelo — come on o go on, lend it to me

9) dar con ( encontrar) < persona> to find; < solución> to hit upon, find; < palabra> to come up with

Sentido III

10) (acometer, sobrevenir) (+ me/te/le etc)

le dio un mareo — she felt dizzy

le dio un infarto — he had a heart attack

me va a dar algo — (fam) I'm going to have a fit (colloq); ver tb dar verbo transitivo II 3, escalofrío, frío, gana, etc

11) (hablando de manías, ocurrencias)

darle a alguien por + inf — to take to -ing

le ha dado por pintar — he's taken to painting

le ha dado por decir que... — he's started saying that...

le ha dado por el yoga — she's got into yoga

le ha dado con que me conoce — she's got it into her head that she knows me

12) sol/viento/luz

aquí da el sol toda la mañana — you get the sun all morning here

en esa playa da mucho el viento — it's very windy on that beach

la luz le daba de lleno en los ojos — the light was shining right in his eyes
3.
1) darse v pron

Sentido I

2) ( producirse) to grow

en esta zona se da bien el trigo — wheat grows well in this area

3) ( presentarse) oportunidad/ocasión to arise

se dio el caso que iba pasando por ahí — it so happened that I was passing by

4) ( resultar) (+ me/te/le etc)

se le dan los idiomas — she's good at languages

¿cómo se te da a ti la costura? — are you any good at sewing?

Sentido II

5)

a) (dedicarse, entregarse)

darse a algo: se dio a la bebida she took to drink; se ha dado por entero a su familia/a la causa — she has devoted herself entirely to her family/to the cause

b) (CS, Ven) ( ser sociable)

darse con alguien — to get on with somebody

no se da con los suegros — she doesn't have much to do with her in-laws

Sentido III

6)

a) (refl) ( realizar la acción que se indica)

me di una ducha — I took o had a shower

darse un banquete — to have a feast

dárselas de algo: se las da de que sabe mucho he likes to make out he knows a lot; dárselas de listo to act smart; ¿y de qué se las da ése? — who does he think he is?

b) (golpearse, pegarse)

se dio con el martillo en el dedo — he hit his finger with the hammer

no te vayas a dar con la cabeza contra el techo — don't hit o bang your head on the ceiling

se dieron contra un árbol — they crashed into a tree

se dio dar un golpe en la rodilla — he hit his knee

c) (recípr)

se estaban dando (de) patadas/puñetazos — they were kicking/punching each other

Sentido IV

7) ( considerarse)

darse por algo: con eso me daría por satisfecha I'd be quite happy with that; darse por vencido — to give up; ver tb aludir a, enterado 1

* * *

= allow, give, issue, pitch, hand over, pass over, give away, give out, get + free.

Ex: Folders allow a set of papers to be kept together when a set on a given topic is removed from the file.

Ex: An abstract of a bibliography can be expected to note whether author affiliations are given = Es de esperar que el resumen de una bibliografía indique si se incluyen los lugares de trabajo de los autores.

Ex: Once a user is registered, a password will be issued which provides access to all or most of the data bases offered by the host as and when the user wishes.

Ex: Thus pitching instructions at the right level can be difficult.

Ex: Eventually, teachers should be able to ' hand the chalk over to the students' and take a back seat.

Ex: She also indicated in passing that in future authors would not automatically pass over the copyright of research results in papers to publishers.

Ex: This must be done in a fully commercial way, not by giving away machines or paper, nor by giving away imported books.

Ex: Similarly, equipment such as this can often give out quite a lot of heat which has to be adequately dissipated.

Ex: Most people know 'earbuds' as the cheap-o earphones you get free with a cell phone.

* acción de dar un nombre a Algo = naming.

* antes de darse cuenta = before + Pronombre + know what + happen, before + Pronombre + know it.

* con la sabiduría que da la experiencia = with the benefit of hindsight.

* cosas que dan miedo = things that go bump in the night.

* da la casualidad = as it happens.

* dale alas a tu imaginación = let + your imagination fly!.

* dando sacudidas = jerkily.

* dar el esquinazo a = give + Nombre + a wide berth.

* dar a = look onto, give onto, overlook.

* dar a Algo el nombre de = earn + Nombre + the name of.

* dar a Algo más importancia de la que tiene = oversell.

* dar a Algo una nueva dimensión = take + Nombre + into a new dimension.

* dar a Algo una nueva perspectiva = give + Nombre + a new twist.

* dar a Alguien el beneficio de la duda = give + Nombre + the benefit of the doubt.

* dar a Alguien una mano y te cogen el brazo = give + Pronombre + an inch and + Pronombre + take a mile, give + Pronombre + an inch and + Pronombre + take a mile.

* dar a Alguien una oportunidad de triunfar = give + Nombre + a fighting chance.

* dar a Alguien una palmada en la espalda = pat + Alguien + on the back for + Algo.

* dar a Alguien una palmadita en la espalda = pat + Alguien + on the back for + Algo.

* dar a Alguien una puñalada por la espalda = stab + Alguien + in the back.

* dar a Alguien una puñalada trapera = stab + Alguien + in the back.

* dar a Alguien un margen de confianza = give + Nombre + the benefit of the doubt.

* dar abasto = cope.

* dar abasto con = cope with.

* dar acceso = provide + access.

* dar acceso a = give + access to.

* dar a conocer = bring to + the attention, communicate, publicise [publicize, -USA], report, articulate, make + known.

* dar a conocer la presencia de = make + Posesivo + presence known.

* dar a entender = give to + understand, hint, send + a clear signal that, lull + Nombre + into thinking, insinuate, intimate.

* dar agua = lose + water, leak.

* dar a la calle = give onto + the street.

* dar a la caza de = chase down.

* dar Algo a conocer = get + the word out.

* dar alguna esperanza = give + some cause for hope.

* dar al traste con los planes = upset + the applecart.

* dar al traste con + Posesivo + planes = upset + Posesivo + plans, ruin + Posesivo + plans.

* dar al traste con todo = upset + the applecart.

* dar a luz = birth, deliver.

* dar a luz a = give + birth to.

* dar ánimos = give + a word of encouragement, hearten.

* dar apoyo = give + support, support, provide + support.

* dar asco = stink, disgust.

* dar aullidos = caterwaul.

* dar autoría = lend + authoritativeness.

* dar autoridad a Algo = lend + authority to.

* dar bandazos = lurch.

* dar bastante importancia a = place + great store on.

* dar brillo a = buff, buff up.

* dar buen uso a Algo = put to + good use.

* dar cabida a = accommodate, include, hold, take, make + room (for), leave + room for, leave + room for.

* dar cabida al crecimiento = accommodate + growth.

* dar caladas = puff.

* dar calidad = deliver + value.

* dar caprichos = pamper.

* dar cera = wax.

* dar chillidos = shriek.

* dar cien mil vueltas = beat + Nombre + hands down, win + hands down.

* dar clase = give + a lesson, teach + class, teach + lesson, hold + class.

* dar coba = toady, fawn (on/upon/over).

* dar comienzo a = give + a start to.

* dar como ejemplo = cite + as an example.

* dar como norma = rule.

* dar como resultado = add up to, result (in), lead to.

* dar con = hit on/upon, put + Posesivo + finger on, stumble on.

* dar conferencia = lecture.

* dar consejo sobre = give + advice on.

* dar consentimiento = give + licence.

* dar con una esponja húmeda = sponging.

* dar con una idea = hit on/upon + idea.

* dar con una solución = come up with + solution.

* dar coraje = peeve.

* dar corte = self-conscious, feel + shy.

* dar credibilidad = give + credence, lend + credence, bestow + credibility, provide + credibility.

* dar crédito = give + credence.

* dar cualquier cosa por Algo = give + an eye-tooth for/to.

* dar cuenta = render + an account of.

* dar cuenta de = account for.

* dar cuenta de Algo = be held to account.

* dar cuerda a un reloj = wind + clock.

* dar cuerpo = give + substance.

* dar cuerpo a = flesh out.

* dar cuerpo y forma a = lend + substance and form to.

* dar datos de = give + details of.

* dar de alta = discharge from + hospital.

* dar de baja = take out of + circulation.

* dar de cara a = front.

* dar de comer = feed.

* dar de lado = short-circuit [shortcircuit], give + Nombre + the cold shoulder.

* dar de lleno = hit + home.

* dar de mala gana = begrudge, grudge.

* dar de mamar = breast-feeding [breastfeeding].

* dar de mamar a = breast-feed [breastfeed].

* dar demasiada información y muy rápidamente = trot out.

* dar de qué hablar = raise + eyebrows, fuel + rumours, give + rise to rumours.

* dar de quilla = keel over.

* dar derecho a = entitle to.

* dar descanso de = give + relief from.

* dar de sí = stretch out.

* dar detalles de = give + details of.

* dar de Uno mismo = give of + Reflexivo.

* dar dinero = pay + money, donate + Posesivo + money.

* dar dirección = lend + direction.

* dar directrices = give + guidance, provide + guidance.

* dar duro = pack + a wallop.

* dar ejemplo = set + an example, lead by + example.

* dar ejemplo de = illustrate.

* dar el brazo a torcer = give in to.

* dar el brazo derecho = give + Posesivo + right arm.

* dar el do de pecho = do + Posesivo + best, pull out + all the stops, do + Posesivo + utmost.

* dar el efecto de = give + the effect of.

* dar el esquinazo = dodge.

* dar el esquinazo a = steer + clear of, steer away from.

* dar el golpe de gracia = administer + the coup de grace, deliver + the coup de grace.

* dar el nombre = label.

* dar el oro y el moro = give + Posesivo + right arm.

* dar el pecho = breast-feed [breastfeed].

* dar el pésame = pass + Posesivo + condolences.

* dar el pistoletazo de salida = fire + the starting gun.

* dar el primer paso = make + a start, take + the first step.

* dar el puntillazo a = put + an end to, bring + an end to, bring to + an end.

* dar el salto = make + the leap.

* dar el todo por el todo = give + Posesivo + all.

* dar el último empujón = go + the last mile, go + the extra mile.

* dar el último repaso = tie + the pieces together.

* dar el visto bueno = approve, clear, give + green light, give + the go-ahead.

* dar el visto bueno a una factura = clear + invoice.

* dar el/un espectáculo = make + a spectacle of + Reflexivo.

* dar empujones = shove.

* dar en el blanco = hit + the bull's eye, strike + home, put + Posesivo + finger on, hit + the truth, hit + home.

* dar en el clavo = hit + the nail on the head, be spot on, strike + home, put + Posesivo + finger on, hit + the truth.

* dar en el larguero = hit + the crossbar, hit + the crossbar.

* dar en el travesaño = hit + the crossbar.

* dar energía = energise [energize, -USA].

* dar énfasis = give + emphasis, place + stress, give + stress.

* dar énfasis a = place + emphasis on.

* dar en garantía = pawn.

* dar en la diana = hit + home.

* dar en mano = hand (over).

* dar entrada = enter.

* dar esperanza = nurture + hope, give + hope, bring + visions of.

* dar esperanzas = raise + expectations, raise + hopes.

* dar estímulo = provide + boost.

* dar evasivas = stonewall, play for + time.

* dar evidencia = furnish with + evidence.

* dar fe = attest, certify.

* dar fe de = testify (to/of), vouch (for), be testimony to.

* dar fe de que = attest to + the fact that.

* dar fin = bring to + a close, draw to + a close, wind down.

* dar forma = become + cast, give + shape, shape, mould [mold, -USA], inform.

* dar forma cuadrada = square.

* dar fruto = bear + fruit, come to + fruition.

* dar fuerte = pack + a wallop.

* dar fuerza = empower, bring + strength.

* dar gato por liebre = buy + a pig in a poke, pass off + a lemon.

* dar golpes = pound.

* dar gracias por lo que Uno tiene = count + Posesivo + blessings.

* dar gritos = shriek, shout.

* dar guerra = act up, play up.

* dar gustirrinín = tickle + Posesivo + fancy.

* dar gusto = oblige, bring + pleasure, flavour [flavor, -USA].

* dar hipo = hiccup.

* dar ideas = offer + clues.

* da rienda suelta a tu imaginación = let + your imagination fly!.

* dar ímpetu = lend + force, give + impetus.

* dar importancia = attach + importance, give + prominence, stress, give + pre-eminence, give + relevance, place + importance, give + importance.

* dar importancia a = give + weight to, place + emphasis on, attach + weight to, create + a high profile for, give + a high profile, place + weight on.

* dar importancia a Algo = put + Algo + on the agenda, be on the agenda.

* dar indicios de = show + signs of.

* dar indicios y pistas = drop + hints and clues.

* dar información = provide + information, give + information, release + information.

* dar información adicional = give + further details.

* dar información de = give + details of.

* dar interés = spice up, add + spice.

* dar la alarma = sound + alarm.

* dar la apariencia de = place + a veneer of.

* dar la bienvenida = welcome.

* dar la casualidad que + Indicativo = happen to + Infinitivo, chance to + Infinitivo.

* dar la cuenta atrás = count + Nombre + out.

* dar la enhorabuena = give + congratulations.

* dar la entrada para = make + a deposit on.

* dar la espalda = turn + aside.

* dar la idea = give + the impression that.

* dar la imagen = give + the impression that.

* dar la impresión = convey + impression, strike + Pronombre Personal, give + the impression that, confer + impression, come off as.

* dar la impresión de = contrive, conjure up + a picture of, come across as.

* dar la impresión de seriedad en el trabajo = appear + businesslike.

* dar la la lata = nag (at).

* dar la lata = play up.

* dar la mano = extend + Posesivo + hand.

* dar la mano derecha = give + Posesivo + right arm.

* dar la murga = be a pest.

* dar la noticia = give + the news.

* dar la opinión sobre = give + opinion on.

* dar la oportunidad = give + chance.

* dar la oportunidad de = present with + opportunities for, allow + the opportunity to.

* dar la oportunidad de expresarse libremente = give + voice to.

* dar la oportunidad de opinar = give + voice to.

* dar la puntilla a = put + an end to, bring + an end to, bring to + an end.

* dar largas = stonewall, play for + time, fob + Alguien + off with + Algo.

* dar las cosas masticadas = spoon-feeding [spoonfeeding], spoon-feed [spoon feed/spoonfeed].

* dar la sensación = give + a sense.

* dar la sensación de = give + the effect of.

* dar la señal = give + the word, give + the signal.

* dar la señal de alarma = sound + the clarion.

* dar la señal de alerta = sound + the clarion.

* dar la señal de estar listo = prompt.

* dar lástima = feel + sorry for, pity.

* dar la talla = be up to the mark, be up to scratch, measure up (to), be up to snuff, make + the cut.

* dar latigazos = lash.

* dar la vida = lay down + Posesivo + life, give + Posesivo + life.

* dar la vuelta = turn + Nombre + (a)round, flip, swing around, swing back, turn (a)round.

* dar la vuelta a = round, turn on + its head.

* dar la vuelta en el aire = give + a toss.

* darle a Alguien carta blanca = give + Nombre + a blank cheque.

* darle a Alguien un cheque en blanco = give + Nombre + a blank cheque.

* darle a la botella = booze.

* darle a la lengua = shoot + the breeze, shoot + the bull.

* darle a la manivela de arranque = turn + the crank.

* darle alas a Alguien = let + Nombre + do things + Posesivo + (own) way.

* darle al palique = gas.

* darle a Uno escalofríos por Algo desagradable = make + Nombre + flinch.

* darle caña = hurry up, get + a move on, put + pressure on.

* darle caña a = have + a go at, get + stuck into.

* dar lecciones = give + lessons.

* darle cien mil vueltas a Alguien = knock + spots off + Nombre.

* darle el puntillazo = nail it.

* darle la razón a Alguien = side in + Posesivo + favour.

* darle largas = play + Nombre + along.

* darle largas a Algo = drag + Posesivo + feet, drag + Posesivo + heels.

* darle la vuelta a la tortilla = turn + the tables (on).

* darle sopas con hondas a Alguien = knock + spots off + Nombre.

* darle una interpretación = give + interpretation.

* darle una lección a Alguien = school.

* darle una paliza a Alguien = take + Nombre + to the cleaners, give + Nombre + a beating, school.

* darle un buen repaso a Alguien = take + Nombre + to the cleaners.

* darle un repaso a = buff up on, brush up on.

* darle un repaso a Alguien = school.

* darle vueltas a = dwell on/upon.

* darle vueltas a Algo = mull over, agonise over [agonize, -USA].

* darle vueltas a la idea = toy with, toy with + idea of.

* darle vueltas a la idea de = flirt with + the idea of.

* darle vueltas a un asunto = chew + the cud.

* darle vueltas a un problema = puzzle over + problem.

* dar libertad = give + licence.

* dar libertad a un esclavo = manumit.

* dar libertad para + Infinitivo = afford + the freedom to + Infinitivo.

* dar lo mejor de Uno mismo = give of + Posesivo + best.

* dar los pasos necesarios = take + steps.

* dar los primeros pasos en = venture into.

* dar los últimos retoques a = put + the finishing touches on.

* dar lugar = produce.

* dar lugar a = cause, generate, give + rise to, mean, result (in), leave + room for, bring about, lead to, cause, open + the door to, give + cause to, give + occasion to.

* dar lugar a la reflexión = provide + food for thought.

* dar lugar a problemas = give + rise to problems.

* dar lugar a queja = evoke + complaint.

* dar lugar a rumores = fuel + rumours, give + rise to rumours.

* dar luz verde = give + green light, give + the go-ahead.

* dar mala impresión = look + bad.

* dar marcha atrás = do + an about-face, back up, backpedal [back-pedal].

* dar masaje = massage.

* dar más de sí = go further.

* dar más explicaciones = elaborate on.

* dar materia para la reflexión = provide + food for thought.

* dar mayor importancia a = give + pride of place to.

* dar media vuelta = do + an about-face.

* dar mejora (en) = give + improvement (in).

* dar menos de lo debido = shortchange.

* dar mucha importancia = put + a premium on.

* dar mucho en qué pensar = give + Nombre + much to think about, give + Nombre + a lot to think about.

* dar mucho valor a Algo = value + Nombre + highly.

* dar muestras de = show + signs of.

* dar + Nombre + una oportunidad = give + Nombre + a fair chance.

* dar notoriedad a = create + a high profile for, give + a high profile.

* dar nueva forma = reformat [re-format].

* dar nueva vida = give + Nombre + new life, give + a second life.

* dar opción = give + option.

* dar origen = mother.

* dar origen a = give + rise to, bring about, lead to, give + cause to, give + occasion to.

* dar otro paso muy importante = reach + another milestone.

* dar pábulo a = fuel, spark off.

* dar pábulo a rumores = fuel + rumours, give + rise to rumours.

* dar palos de ciego = grope (for/toward).

* dar pánico = scare + the living daylights out of, frighten + the living daylights out of, dread, scare + the hell out of.

* dar parte de = report.

* dar paso (a) = give + way (to), yield to, make + way (for).

* dar patadas en el estómago = stick in + Posesivo + craw.

* dar pavor = be scared stiff, be frightened to death, be petrified of, be terrified, scare + the living daylights out of, frighten + the living daylights out of, scare + the hell out of.

* dar pecho = breast-feeding [breastfeeding].

* dar pereza = can't/couldn't be bothered.

* dar permiso = give + permission, give + time off, grant + Alguien + leave.

* dar permiso en el trabajo = give + time off work.

* dar pie a = spark off, give + rise to, bring about, lead to, cause, open + the door to, give + cause to, give + occasion to.

* dar pisotones = stomp.

* dar pistas = throw + hints.

* dar pistas falsas = throw out + false leads.

* dar placer = give + pleasure, give + enjoyment.

* dar poderes = give + powers.

* dar por = tickle + Posesivo + fancy.

* dar por concluido = put to + bed, close + the book on.

* dar por culo = piss + Nombre + off.

* dar por descontado = take for + granted, discount.

* dar por hecho = take for + granted.

* dar por perdido = be past praying for, write off.

* dar por saldado = close + the book on.

* dar por seguro que = rest + assured that.

* dar por sentado = take for + granted.

* dar por sentado Algo que realmente no lo está = beg + the question.

* dar + Posesivo + vida = give + Posesivo + all.

* dar preferencia = give + preference.

* dar prestigio = lend + authoritativeness.

* dar prioridad = award + priority, emphasise [emphasize, -USA], give + priority, give + precedence, assign + priority, give + preference.

* dar prioridad a = give + pride of place to, place + emphasis on, prioritise [prioritize, -USA].

* dar prioridad a algo = make + a priority.

* dar problemas = play up.

* dar propina = tipping.

* dar pruebas = provide + evidence.

* dar publicidad = publicise [publicize, -USA], give + publicity.

* dar puntapiés = kick + Posesivo + feet.

* dar punzadas = throb, twinge.

* dar quebraderos de cabeza = give + headaches.

* dar que hablar = fuel + rumours, give + rise to rumours, raise + eyebrows.

* dar quehacer = make + trouble.

* dar rabia = incense, gall, peeve.

* dar razón de ser = bring + purpose.

* dar recompensa = mete out + reward.

* dar registro = accession.

* dar relevancia = give + relevance.

* dar relevancia a = create + a high profile for, give + a high profile.

* dar relevancia a Algo = put + Algo + on the agenda.

* dar resoplidos = chug.

* dar respuesta = provide + answer, elicit + answer, develop + answer.

* dar resultado = be successful, give + result, work, pay off, be a success, pay.

* dar resultados = produce + results.

* dar rienda suelta = unleash.

* dar rienda suelta a = give + free rein to, allow + vent for, give + vent to, vent.

* dar rienda suelta a + Nombre = let + Nombre + run riot.

* dar riqueza a = add + richness to.

* dar risitas = giggle.

* dar sabor = spice up, add + spice.

* dar salida a = vent.

* dar saltitos = hop, skip.

* dar sangre = donate + Posesivo + blood.

* darse = appear, occur.

* darse a = lend + Reflexivo + to.

* darse aires = strut.

* darse aires de grandeza = give + Reflexivo + such airs, aggrandise + Reflexivo.

* darse a la fuga = flee, lam (it), go into + hiding, make + a quick getaway, take to + Posesivo + heels, run off.

* darse a los demás = give of + Reflexivo.

* darse con un canto en los dientes = count + Reflexivo + lucky, think + Reflexivo + lucky, consider + Reflexivo + lucky.

* darse cuenta = become + aware, dawn on, detect, perceive, find, note, make + aware, come to + realise, wise up, reach + understanding, eye + catch, strike + home, suss (out), hit + home.

* darse cuenta de = be aware of, be cognisant of, realise [realize, -USA], sense, wake up to, sink in, become + cognisant of, see through.

* darse cuenta del peligro que = see + the danger that.

* darse cuenta de un problema = alight on + problem.

* darse de baja de una suscripción = unsubscribe.

* darse el caso que + Indicativo = happen to + Infinitivo, chance to + Infinitivo.

* darse el gusto de = indulge in.

* darse el gusto de comprar = splurge on.

* darse el lote = snog, neck.

* darse el lujo de = splurge on.

* darse golpes de pecho = beat + Posesivo + breast.

* darse golpes en el pecho = beat + Posesivo + breast.

* darse la mano = join + hands, shake + hand.

* dárselas de = fancy + Reflexivo.

* dársele Algo bien a Uno = be good at.

* dársele a Uno bien las plantas = have + a green thumb, have + green fingers.

* dársele a Uno mejor Algo = be better at.

* dársele mejor a Uno = do + best.

* darse media vuelta = turn on + Posesivo + heel.

* darse (muchos) aires = give + Reflexivo + such airs, aggrandise + Reflexivo.

* dar sentido = make + sense (out) of, make + sense of life.

* dar sentido a = make + meaningful, give + meaning to.

* dar sentido a las cosas = sense-making, meaning making.

* dar sentido a la vida = give + meaning to life.

* dar sentido a + Posesivo + vida = make + sense of + Posesivo + life.

* dar señales de = show + signs of.

* dar señales de vida = show + signs of life.

* darse por afortunado = count + Reflexivo + lucky, think + Reflexivo + lucky, consider + Reflexivo + lucky.

* darse por aludido = take + things personally, take + a hint, take + things personally, get + a hint.

* darse por derrotado = sound + note of defeat.

* darse por vencido = throw in + the towel, throw in/up + the sponge.

* darse prisa = hurry, hurry up, get on + Posesivo + running shoes, shake + a leg, hot-foot it to, make + haste, rattle + Posesivo + dags, get + a wiggle on, put + Posesivo + skates on, get + Posesivo + skates on, get + a move on.

* darse prisa con calma = make + haste slowly.

* dar servicio = service.

* darse una comilona = make + a pig of + Reflexivo, pig out (on).

* darse una leche = come + a cropper.

* darse un apretón de manos = clasp + hands.

* darse una situación más esperanzadora = sound + a note of hope.

* darse un atracón = make + a pig of + Reflexivo, pig out (on), stuff + Posesivo + face.

* darse una transacción económica = cash + change hands.

* darse una tripotada = make + a pig of + Reflexivo, pig out (on).

* darse una vacante = occur + vacancy.

* darse un baño de sol = sunbathe.

* darse un chapuzón = take + a dip.

* darse un descanso = give + Reflexivo + a break, rest on + Posesivo + oars.

* darse un festín de = feast on.

* darse un garbeo = mosey.

* darse un porrazo = come + a cropper.

* darse un respiro = lie on + Posesivo + oars, rest on + Posesivo + oars.

* darse un tortazo = come + a cropper.

* dar significado = imbue with + meaning.

* dar sombra = shade.

* dar su conformidad a = assent to.

* dar sugerencias = give + suggestions.

* dar terror = scare + the living daylights out of.

* dar testimonio = bear + witness, give + testimony.

* dar tiempo = give + time, donate + Posesivo + time.

* dar tiempo a Alguien = give + Nombre + some time.

* dar título = title.

* dar todo de Uno mismo = give of + Posesivo + best.

* dar todo el oro del mundo = give + Posesivo + right arm.

* dar tono = tone.

* dar trabajo = present + burden.

* dar una advertencia = raise + caveat, issue + warning.

* dar una apariencia de = provide + a semblance of, give + a semblance of.

* dar una azotaina = spank.

* dar una bofetada = cuff, slap.

* dar una bofetada a Alguien = give + Nombre + a slap in the face.

* dar una buena paliza = whitewash, thrash.

* dar una cabezadita = nap, catching 10, napping.

* dar una carcajada = give + a laugh, let out + a laugh.

* dar una charla = give + address, give + a talk, give + a presentation, give + speech.

* dar una conferencia = deliver + talk, make + a speech, give + speech, deliver + lecture, give + a lecture.

* dar una contractura muscular = pull + a muscle.

* dar una cornada = gore.

* dar una excusa = give + excuse.

* dar una explicación = present + explanation.

* dar una falsa impresión = keep up + facade, put on + an act.

* dar una fiesta = give + a party.

* dar una galleta = slap.

* dar una guantada = slap.

* dar una idea = give + idea, give + glimpse, provide + an understanding.

* dar una idea de = give + a feel for, give + indication, provide + a glimpse of, give + a flavour of, be indicative of, provide + insight into, give + a picture, give + an insight into, give + an inkling of.

* dar una idea general = put in + the picture, give + a general picture, paint + a broad picture.

* dar una imagen = convey + image, present + picture, paint + a picture, present + an image, present + a picture.

* dar una imagen de = give + an impression of.

* dar una impresión = make + an impression, leave + an impression, present + an image.

* dar una impresión de = give + an impression of.

* dar una impresión equivocada = send + the wrong signals.

* dar una lección de humildad = humble.

* dar una llamada de atención = sound + a wake-up call.

* dar una norma = give + prescription.

* dar una opinión = offer + opinion.

* dar una oportunidad = give + opportunity, provide + opportunity, grant + opportunity, present + an opportunity, create + opportunity.

* dar una oportunidad a Alguien = give + Nombre + a head start.

* dar una orden = issue + command, issue + instruction.

* dar una paliza = clobber, pummel, slaughter, knock + the living daylights out of, knock + the hell out out of, whip, whitewash, thrash, wallop, lick, baste, take + a pounding, take + a beating, belt, trounce, beat + Nombre + (all) hollow.

* dar una paliza a Alguien = beat + Nombre + up, beat + Nombre + black and blue.

* dar una patada = kick, boot.

* dar una pista = give + a hint.

* dar una posibilidad = afford + opportunity.

* dar un apretón de manos = shake + hand.

* dar una rabieta = throw + a tantrum.

* dar una razón = give + reason.

* dar una respuesta = furnish + answer, frame + response.

* dar una sacudida = give + a shake, give + a jerk.

* dar una segunda oportunidad = give + a second chance.

* dar una segunda vida = give + a second life.

* dar una solución = provide + solution, develop + solution.

* dar una solución por buena que realmente no lo es = beg + the solution.

* dar un aspecto + Adjetivo = give + a + Adjetivo + look.

* dar un ataque de nervios = have + an attack of hysterics.

* dar una torta = slap.

* dar una torta a Alguien = give + Nombre + a slap in the face.

* dar una tunda = trounce.

* dar una ventaja = give + Nombre + an edge.

* dar una ventaja a Alguien = give + Nombre + a head start.

* dar una visión = present + view, provide + an understanding.

* dar una visión general = give + a general picture.

* dar una visión global = give + overview, present + an overview, present + an overall picture, give + an overall picture, overview.

* dar una visión total = give + a complete picture.

* dar un aviso = make + warning.

* dar una voltereta = somersault, do + a somersault, summersault.

* dar una voz = holler.

* dar una vuelta de campana = capsize, somersault, do + a somersault, summersault.

* dar una vuelta en coche = go out for + a drive.

* dar un berrinche = throw + a tantrum.

* dar un beso de despedida = kiss + Nombre + goodbye.

* dar un bocado a = take + a bite out of.

* dar un bofetón = cuff, slap.

* dar un bofetón a Alguien = give + Nombre + a slap in the face.

* dar un cachete = spank, cuff, slap.

* dar un cachete a Alguien = slap + Nombre + on the wrist.

* dar un calambre = cramp.

* dar un chillido = holler.

* dar un comienzo a = give + a start to.

* dar un coscorrón = cuff.

* dar un ejemplo = give + example.

* dar un empujón = give + a boost.

* dar un golpe = knock.

* dar un golpe por detrás = rear-end.

* dar un gran paso adelante = reach + milestone.

* dar un grito = holler.

* dar un guantazo = slap.

* dar un hachazo = hack.

* dar un hervor = parboil.

* dar un impulso = kick-start [kickstart].

* dar un lavado de cara = spruce up.

* dar un manotazo = swat at, cuff, slap.

* dar un manotazo a Alguien = give + Nombre + a slap in the face.

* dar un nivel de prioridad alto = put + Nombre + high on + Posesivo + list of priorities.

* dar un nuevo acabado = refinish.

* dar un nuevo impulso = pep up.

* dar un nuevo nombre = rename.

* dar un ojo de la cara por Algo = give + an eye-tooth for/to.

* dar unos azotes = spank.

* dar un paseo = take + a stroll, t

* * *

dar [ A25 ]

GUIA DE BUSQUEDA

■ dar (verbo transitivo)

Sentido I

A entregar

B regalar, donar

C en naipes

D

1 proporcionar

2 Música

E conferir, aportar

F

1 aplicar capa de barniz etc

2 dar: inyección etc

G

1 conceder prórroga etc

2 atribuir

3 pronosticando duración

4 dar: edad, años

H

1 expresar, decir

2 señalar, indicar

Sentido II

A producir

B rendir, alcanzar hasta

C causar, provocar

D arruinar, fastidiar

Sentido III

A presentar

B ofrecer, celebrar

C dar: conferencia

Sentido IV

A realizar la acción indicada

B dar: limpiada etc

Sentido V considerar

■ dar (verbo intransitivo)

Sentido I

A

1 entregar

2 en naipes

B ser suficiente, alcanzar

C

1 dar a: puerta etc

2 llegar hasta

3 estar orientado hacia

D comunicar

E arrojar un resultado

F importar

Sentido II

A

1 pegar, golpear

2 darle a algo: tarea

3 darle a algo: hacer uso de

4 acertar

B

1 darle a algo: accionar

2 mover

C

1 indicando insistencia

2 instando a alguien a hacer algo

D dar con

Sentido III

A acometer, sobrevenir

B

1 darle a alguien por algo

2 darle a alguien con algo

C dar en

D dar: sol, viento, luz

E acabar

■ darse (verbo pronominal)

Sentido I

A producirse

B ocurrir

C resultar

Sentido II

A dedicarse, entregarse

B tratarse, ser sociable

Sentido III

A realizar la acción indicada

B

1 golpearse, pegarse

2 darse (de) golpes

3 darse (de) patadas etc

Sentido IV considerarse

vt

Sentido I

A (entregar) to give

dale las llaves a Jaime give the keys to Jaime, give Jaime the keys

se las di a Jaime I gave them to Jaime

dale esto a tu madre de mi parte give this to your mother from me

deme un kilo de peras can I have a kilo of pears?

500 dólares ¿quién da más? any advance on 500 dollars?

dar algo A + INF:

da toda la ropa a planchar/lavar she sends all her clothes to be ironed/washed, she has all her ironing/washing done for her

comer¹ vi A 2. (↑ comer (1)), conocer, entender¹ vt A 2. (↑ entender (1)), mamar

B (regalar, donar) to give

¿me lo prestas? — te lo doy, yo no lo necesito can I borrow it? — you can have it o keep it, I don't need it

a mí nunca nadie me dio nada nobody's ever given me anything

daría cualquier cosa por que así fuera I'd give anything o ( colloq) I'd give my right arm for that to be the case

donde las dan las toman two can play at that game

estarlas dando ( Chi fam): entremos sin pagar, aquí las están dando let's just walk in without paying, they're asking for it ( colloq)

con ese profesor las están dando they get away with murder with that teacher ( colloq)

para dar y tomar or vender: coge los que quieras, tengo para dar y tomar or vender take as many as you want, I have plenty to spare o ( colloq) I've stacks of them

C (en naipes) to deal

¡me has dado unas cartas horribles! you've dealt o given me a terrible hand

D

1 (proporcionar) ‹fuerzas/valor/esperanza› to give

sus elogios me han dado ánimos his praise has given me encouragement o has encouraged me

eso me dio la idea para el libro that's where I got the idea for the book, that's what gave me the idea for the book

me dio un buen consejo she gave me some useful advice

mi familia no pudo darme una carrera my family weren't in a position to send me to o put me through university o to give me a university education

es capaz de robar si le dan la ocasión given the chance he's quite capable of stealing

pide que te den un presupuesto/más información ask them to give you o supply you with an estimate/more information

2 ( Música) to give

¿me das el la? can you give me an A?

E (conferir, aportar) ‹sabor/color/forma› to give

las luces le daban un ambiente festivo a la plaza the lights gave the square a very festive atmosphere, the lights lent a very festive atmosphere to the square

les dio forma redondeada a las puntas he rounded off the ends

necesita algo que le dé sentido a su vida he needs something that will give his life some meaning

F

1 (aplicar) ‹capa de barniz/mano de pintura› to give

dale otra capa de barniz/otra mano de pintura give it another coat of varnish/paint

hay que darle cera al piso we have to wax the floor

dale una puntada para sujetarlo put a stitch in to hold it

2 ‹inyección/lavativa/sedante› to give, administer ( frml); ‹masaje› to give

G

1 (conceder) ‹prórroga/permiso› to give

te doy hasta el jueves I'll give you until Thursday

¿quién te ha dado permiso para entrar allí? who gave you permission to go in there?, who said you could go in there?

si usted nos da permiso with your permission, if you will allow us

el dentista me ha dado hora para el miércoles I have an appointment with the dentist on Wednesday

dan facilidades de pago they offer easy repayment facilities o terms

nos dieron el tercer premio we won o got third prize, we were awarded third prize

al terminar el cursillo te dan un diploma when you finish the course you get a diploma

2

(atribuir): no le des demasiada importancia don't attach too much importance to it

yo le doy otra interpretación a ese pasaje I see o interpret that passage in a different way

tuvieron que darme la razón they had to admit I was right

3 (pronosticando duración) to give

no le dan ni dos meses de vida they've given him less than two months to live

no le doy ni un mes a esa relación I don't think they'll last more than a month together

4

( RPl) ‹edad/años› ¿cuántos años or qué edad le das? how old do you think o reckon she is?

yo no le daba más de 28 I didn't think he was more than 28

H

1

(expresar, decir): ¿le diste las gracias? did you thank him?, did you say thank you?

no me dio ni los buenos días she didn't even say hello

dales recuerdos de mi parte give/send them my regards

darle la bienvenida a algn to welcome sb

tenemos que ir a darles el pésame we must go and offer our condolences

me gustaría que me dieras tu parecer or opinión I'd like you to give me your opinion

le doy mi enhorabuena I'd like to congratulate you

¿me da la hora, por favor? have you got the time, please?

me tocó a mí darle la noticia I was the one who had to break the news to him

te han dado una orden you've been given an order, that was an order

han dado orden de desalojar el edificio they've ordered that the building be vacated

2

(señalar, indicar): me da ocupado or ( Esp) comunicando the line's busy o ( BrE) engaged

el reloj dio las cinco the clock struck five

muestra

Sentido II

A

(producir): estos campos dan mucho grano these fields have a high grain yield

esta estufa da mucho calor this heater gives out a lot of heat

esta clase de negocio da mucho dinero there's a lot of money in this business

esos bonos dan un 7% those bonds give a yield of 7%

los árboles han empezado a dar fruto the trees have begun to bear fruit

no le pudo dar un hijo she was unable to bear o give him a child

B

(rendir, alcanzar hasta): ¿cuánto da ese coche? how fast can that car go?

da 150 kilómetros por hora it can do o go 150 kilometers an hour

ha dado todo lo que el público esperaba de él he has lived up to the public's expectations of him

el coche venía a todo lo que daba the car was traveling at full speed

ponen la radio a todo lo que da they turn the radio on full blast

C

(causar, provocar): la comida muy salada da sed salty food makes you thirsty

¡estos críos dan tanto trabajo! these kids are such hard work!

(+ me/te/le etc): ¿no te da calor esa camisa? aren't you too warm in that shirt?

el vino le había dado sueño the wine had made him sleepy

me da mucha pena verla tan triste I can't bear o it hurts me to see her so sad

¡qué susto me has dado! you gave me such a fright!

me da no sé qué que se tenga que quedar sola I feel a bit funny about leaving her on her own

este coche no me ha dado problemas this car hasn't given me any trouble

ver tb asco, hambre, miedo, etc dar QUE + INF:

el jardín da muchísimo que hacer there's always such a lot to do in the garden

los niños dan que hacer children are a lot of work

lo que dijo me dio que pensar what he said gave me plenty of food for thought o plenty to think about

ver tb dar vi Sense III A.

D ( Esp fam) (arruinar, fastidiar) to spoil, ruin

Isabelita nos dio la noche we had an awful night thanks to little Isabel

Sentido III

A

(presentar): ¿qué dan esta noche en la tele? what's on TV tonight? ( colloq)

en el cine Avenida dan una película buenísima there's a really good movie on at the Avenida, they're showing a really good movie at the Avenida

ayer fuimos al teatro, daban una obra de Calderón we went to the theater yesterday, it was a play by Calderón

va a dar un concierto el mes que viene he's giving a concert next month

deja de gritar así, estás dando un espectáculo stop shouting like that, you're making a spectacle of yourself

B (ofrecer, celebrar) ‹fiesta› to give; ‹baile/banquete› to hold

C ‹conferencia› to give

dar examen (CS); to take o ( BrE) sit an exam

ver tb clase¹ f E. (↑ clase (1))

Sentido IV

A

(realizar la acción indicada): dieron lectura al comunicado they read out the communiqué

estuvo dando cabezadas durante toda la película he kept nodding off all through the film

dio un grito/un suspiro she shouted/sighed, she gave a shout/heaved a sigh

dio un paso atrás/adelante he took a step back/forward

(+ me/te/le etc): dame un beso/abrazo give me a kiss/hug

me dio un tirón del pelo he pulled my hair

golpe, paseo, vuelta, etc

dársela a algn ( Esp fam); to take sb in, put one over on sb

dárselas a algn ( Chi fam); to beat sb up

B

‹limpiada/barrida/planchazo› con que le des una enjuagada alcanza just a quick rinse will do

hay que darle una barrida al suelo de la cocina the kitchen floor needs a sweep o needs sweeping

quiero darle otra leída a este capítulo ( AmL); I want to run o read through this chapter again

Sentido V (considerar) dar algo/a algn POR algo:

lo dieron por muerto they gave him up for dead

doy por terminada la sesión I declare the session closed

ese tema lo doy por sabido I'm assuming you've already covered that topic

si le has prestado dinero ya lo puedes dar por perdido if you've lent him money you can kiss it goodbye

¿eso es lo que quieres? ¡dalo por hecho! is that what you want? consider it done! o ( AmE colloq) you got it!

si apruebo daré el tiempo por bien empleado if I pass it will have been time well spent

sentado

■ dar

vi

Sentido I

A

1

(entregar): dame, yo te lo coso let me have it o give it here, I'll sew it for you

no puedes con todo, dame que te ayudo you'll never manage all that on your own, here, let me help you

¿me das para un helado? can I have some money for an ice cream?

2 (en naipes) to deal

te toca dar a ti it's your deal, it's your turn to deal

B (ser suficiente, alcanzar) dar PARA algo/algn:

este pollo da para dos comidas this chicken is enough o will do for two meals

con una botella no da para todos one bottle's not enough to go round

da para hablar horas y horas you could talk about it for hours

(+ me/te/le etc): eso no te da ni para un chicle you can't even buy a piece of chewing gum with that

no le da la cabeza para la física he hasn't much of a head for physics

no me dio (el) tiempo I didn't have time

dar de sí to stretch

me quedan un poco ajustados, pero ya darán de sí they're a bit tight on me, but they'll stretch o give

¡cuánto ha dado de sí esa botella de jerez! that bottle of sherry's gone a long way!

¡qué poco dan de sí seis euros! six euros don't go very far!

el pobre ya no da más de sí the poor guy's fit to drop

no dar para más: su inteligencia no da para más that's as much as his brain can cope with

yo me voy, esto ya no da para más I'm leaving, this is a waste of time

ya no da para más or (CS) ya no da más de tanto trabajar he's worked himself into the ground

estoy que no doy más I'm all in ( colloq), I'm shattered o dead beat ( colloq), I'm pooped ( AmE colloq)

C dar a

1 «puerta/habitación» (comunicar con) to give on to

la puerta trasera da a un jardín/a la calle Palmar the back door opens o gives onto a garden/onto Palmar Street

todas las habitaciones dan a un patio all the rooms look onto o give onto a courtyard

2 (llegar hasta) «río» to go o flow into; «camino/sendero» to lead to

la calle va a dar directamente a la playa the street goes right down o leads straight to the beach

3 «fachada/frente» (estar orientado hacia) to face

la fachada principal da al sur the main facade faces south

la terraza da al mar the balcony overlooks o faces the sea

D

( RPl) (comunicar) darle a algn CON algn: ¿me das con Teresa, por favor? can I speak to Teresa, please?

en seguida le doy con el señor Seco I'll just put you through to Mr Seco

E

(arrojar un resultado): ¿cuánto da la cuenta? what does it come to?

a mí me dio 247 ¿y a ti? I made it (to be) 247, how about you?

el análisis le dio positivo/negativo her test was positive/negative

F

(importar): ¿cuál prefieres? — da igual which do you prefer? — I don't mind

da lo mismo, ya iremos otro día it doesn't matter, we'll go another day

(+ me/te/le etc): ¿el jueves o el viernes? — a mí me da igual Thursday or Friday? — I don't mind o it doesn't matter o it doesn't make any difference to me o it's all the same to me

la sopa se ha enfriado un poco — ¡qué más da! the soup's gone a bit cold — never mind o it doesn't matter

¿qué más da un color que otro? surely one color is as good as another!, what difference does it make what color it is?

(+ me/te/le etc): ¡qué más le da a él que otros tengan que hacer su trabajo! what does he care if others have to do his work?

¿y a ti qué más te da si él viene? what difference does it make to you if he comes?, what's it to you if he comes? ( colloq)

no quiere venir — tanto da she doesn't want to come — it makes no difference o so what?

(+ me/te/le etc): ¿a qué hora quieren cenar? — tanto nos da what time do you want to have dinner? — it's all the same to us o whenever

Sentido II

A

1 (pegar, golpear) (+ me/te/le etc):

le dio en la cabeza it hit him on the head

dale al balón con fuerza kick the ball hard

¡te voy a dar yo a ti como no me obedezcas! you're going to get it from me if you don't do what I say ( colloq)

le dio con la regla en los nudillos she rapped his knuckles with the ruler

cuando te agarren te van a dar de palos when they get you they're going to give you a good beating

2 ( fam) (a una tarea, asignatura) darle A algo:

me pasé todo el verano dándole al inglés I spent the whole summer working on o studying my English ( colloq)

vas a tener que darle más fuerte si quieres aprobar you're going to have to push yourself harder o put more effort into it if you want to pass

quiero darle un poco más a esta traducción antes de irme I want to do a bit more work on this translation before I go

3 ( fam) (hacer uso de) darle A algo:

¡cómo le da al vino! he really knocks back o ( AmE) down the wine ( colloq)

¡cómo le han dado al queso! ¡ya casi no queda! they've certainly been at the cheese, there's hardly any left! ( colloq)

¡cómo les has dado a estos zapatos! you've really been hard on these shoes!, you've worn these shoes out quickly!

lengua

4 (acertar) to hit

dar en el blanco/el centro to hit the target/the bull's-eye

clavo

B

1 (accionar) darle A algo:

dale a esa palanca hacia arriba push that lever up

le dio al interruptor she flicked the switch

le di a la manivela I turned the handle

dale al pedal press the pedal

tienes que darle a este botón/esta tecla you have to press this button/key

2 (mover) (+ compl):

dale al volante hacia la derecha turn the wheel to the right

dale para atrás ( Auto) back up

C

1 ( fam)

(indicando insistencia): ¡y dale! ya te he dicho que no voy there you go again! I've told you I'm not going ( colloq)

estuvo todo el día dale que dale con el clarinete he spent the whole day blowing away on his clarinet

¡y dale con lo de la edad! ¿qué importa eso? stop going on about her age! what does it matter?

¡dale que te pego! ( fam): he estado toda la mañana dale que te pego con esto I've been slaving away at this all morning

yo quiero olvidarlo y él ¡dale que te pego con lo mismo! I want to forget about it and he keeps on and on about it o he keeps banging on about it

2

( RPl fam) (instando a algn a hacer algo): dale, metete, el agua está lindísima come on, get in, the water's lovely

dale, prestámelo come on o go on, lend it to me

D dar con (encontrar) to find

por mucho que buscaron no dieron con él although they searched high and low they couldn't find him

creo que ya he dado con la solución I think I've hit upon o found the solution

cuando uno no da con la palabra adecuada when you can't come up with o find the right word

Sentido III

A (acometer, sobrevenir) (+ me/te/le etc):

le dio un mareo she felt dizzy

le dio un infarto he had a heart attack

como no se calle, me va a dar algo ( fam); if you don't shut up, I'm going to have a fit ( colloq)

¡me da una indignación cuando hace esas cosas …! I feel so angry when he does those things!

me da que ya no vienen ( fam); I have a (funny o sneaky) feeling they're not coming ( colloq)

ver tb dar vt Sense II C., escalofrío, frío² m B. (↑ frío (2)), gana, impresión, etc

B (hablando de ocurrencias, manías)

1 darle a algn POR algo:

le ha dado por decir que ya no lo quiero he's started saying that I don't love him any more

le ha dado por beber he's taken to drink, he's started drinking

le ha dado por el yoga she's got into yoga

¡menos mal que me dio por preguntar por cuánto saldría! it's just as well it occurred to me to ask o I thought to ask how much it would be!

darle a algn por ahí ( fam): ¿ahora hace pesas? — sí, le ha dado por ahí is he doing weights now? — yes, that's his latest craze o that's what he's into now

¿por qué lo hiciste? — no sé, me dio por ahí why did you do it? — I don't know, I just felt like it

cualquier día le da por ahí y la deja one of these days he'll just up and leave her

2 darle a algn CON algo:

le ha dado con que me conoce he's got it into his head he knows me

C dar en

(tender a): ha dado en salir acompañada por galanes jóvenes she has taken to being escorted in public by handsome young men

ha dado en esta locura she has got this crazy idea into her head

lo que se ha dado en llamar `drogodependencia' what has come to be known as `drug-dependence'

D

«sol/viento/luz»: aquí da el sol toda la mañana you get the sun all morning here

siéntate aquí, donde da el sol sit down here in the sun

en esa playa da mucho el viento it's very windy on that beach

la luz le daba de lleno en los ojos the light was shining right in his eyes

E

(acabar): ir/venir a dar: la pelota había ido a dar al jardín de al lado the ball had ended up in the next door garden

¿cómo habrá venido a dar esto aquí? how on earth did this get here?

■ darse

v pron

Sentido I

A (producirse) to grow

en esta zona se da bien el trigo wheat grows well in this area

B

(ocurrir) «caso/situación»: bien podría darse una situación así this kind of situation could well arise o occur

se dio la circunstancia de que la alarma estaba desconectada the alarm happened to be disconnected

para esto se tienen que dar las siguientes circunstancias this requires the following conditions

¿qué se da? ( fam); what's going on o happening? ( colloq)

C (resultar) (+ me/te/le etc):

se le dan muy bien los idiomas she's very good at languages

¿cómo se te da a ti la costura? how are you at sewing?, how's your sewing?

Sentido II

A (dedicarse, entregarse) darse A algo:

se dio a la bebida she took to drink, she hit the bottle ( colloq)

se da a la buena vida he spends his time having fun o living it up

se ha dado por entero a su familia/a la causa she has devoted herself entirely to her family/to the cause

B

( RPl) (tratarse, ser sociable) darse CON algn: no se da con la familia del marido she doesn't have much to do with her husband's family

Sentido III

A ( refl)

(realizar la acción indicada): voy a darme una ducha I'm going to take o have a shower

vamos a darnos un banquete we're going to have a feast

dárselas de algo: se las da de que sabe mucho he likes to make out he knows a lot

va dándoselas de rico y no tiene un duro he makes out he's rich but he hasn't got a penny

¿pero ése de qué se las da? si es un obrero como tú y yo who does he think he is? he's just another worker like you and me

no te las des de listo don't act so smart

B

1

(golpearse, pegarse): se dio con el martillo en el dedo he hit his finger with the hammer

no te vayas a dar con la cabeza contra el techo don't hit o bang your head on the ceiling

se dieron contra un árbol they crashed o went into a tree

se va a dar un golpe en la cabeza/espalda he's going to hit o bump his head/hit his back

se dio con la nariz or de narices contra la puerta he ran/walked straight into the door, he went smack into the door ( colloq)

2 ( refl):

darse (de) golpes to hit oneself

¡podría darme (de) patadas! I could kick myself!

3 ( recípr):

se estaban dando (de) patadas/tortazos en plena calle they were kicking/punching each other right there on the street

Sentido IV (considerarse) darse POR algo:

con eso me daría por satisfecha I'd be quite happy with that

no se dará por vencida hasta que lo consiga she won't give up until she gets it

puedes darte por contento de haber salido con vida you can count yourself lucky you weren't killed

no quiere darse por enterado he doesn't want to know

aludir vi 1. (↑ aludir)

* * *

dar ( conjugate dar) verbo transitivo
1
a) ( entregar) to give;

◊ dale las llaves a Pedro give the keys to Pedro;

déme un kilo de peras can I have a kilo of pears?;
See Also→ conocer verbo transitivo 3 b, entender verbo transitivo
b) ‹cartas/mano› to give

2
a) (donar, regalar) ‹sangre/limosna› to give;

◊ me dio su reloj she gave me her watch

b) ( proporcionar) ‹fuerzas/valor/esperanza› to give;

‹información/idea› to give
3
a) (conferir, aportar) ‹sabor/color/forma› to give

b) ( aplicar) ‹mano de pintura/barniz› to give

c) ‹sedante/masaje› to give

4 ( conceder) ‹prórroga/permiso› to give;
◊ el dentista me dio hora para el miércoles I have an appointment with the dentist on Wednesday;

nos dieron un premio we won o got a prize
5
a) (expresar, decir) ‹parecer/opinón› to give;

◊ ¿le diste las gracias? did you thank him?, did you say thank you?;

dales saludos give/send them my regards;
tuve que darle la noticia I was the one who had to break the news to him
b) (señalar, indicar): me da ocupado or (Esp) comunicando the line's busy o (BrE) engaged;

◊ el reloj dio las cinco the clock struck five

1
a) ( producir) ‹fruto/flor› to bear;

‹ dividendos› to pay;
◊ un negocio que da mucho dinero a business which makes a lot of money

b) (AmL) ( alcanzar hasta):

◊ da 150 kilómetros por hora it can do o go 150 kilometres an hour;

venía a todo lo que daba it was travelling at full speed;
ponen la radio a todo lo que da they turn the radio on full blast
2 (causar, provocar) ‹placer/susto› to give;
‹ problemas› to cause;
◊ dar trabajo to be hard work;

el calor le dio sueño/sed the heat made him sleepy/thirsty
1 ( presentar) ‹ concierto› to give;
◊ ¿qué dan esta noche en la tele? what's on TV tonight? (colloq);

¿dónde están dando esa película? where's that film showing?
2
a) ‹fiesta/conferencia› to give;

‹baile/banquete› to hold;
‹ discurso› (AmL) to make
b) (CS) ‹ examen› to take o (BrE) sit;

ver tb clase 4
( realizar la accion que se indica) ‹ grito› to give;
◊ dar un paso atrás to take a step back;

dame un beso give me a kiss;
ver tb golpe, paseo, vuelta, etc
( considerar) dar algo/a algn por algo:
◊ lo dieron por muerto they gave him up for dead;

ese tema lo doy por sabido I'm assuming you've already covered that topic;
¡dalo por hecho! consider it done!
verbo intransitivo
1
◊ dar a [ puerta] to give onto, open onto;

[ventana/balcón] to look onto, give onto;
[fachada/frente] to face
2 (ser suficiente, alcanzar) dar para algo/algn to be enough for sth/sb;
◊ no me dio (el) tiempo I didn't have time;

dar de sí ‹zapatos/jersey› to stretch
3 ( arrojar un resultado):
◊ el análisis le dio positivo her test was positive;

¿cuánto da la cuenta? what does it come to?;
a mí me dio 247 I made it (to be) 247
4 ( importar):
◊ da lo mismo it doesn't matter;

¡qué más da! what does it matter!;
¿qué más da? what difference does it make?;
me da igual I don't mind
5 ( en naipes) to deal
1
a) (pegar, golpear): darle a algn to hit sb;

( como castigo) to smack sb;
◊ dale al balón kick the ball;

el balón dio en el poste the ball hit the post
b) ( acertar) to hit;

◊ dar en el blanco to hit the target

2 (accionar, mover) darle a algo ‹a botón/tecla› to press sth;
‹ a interruptor› to flick sth;
‹a manivela/volante› to turn sth
3
◊ dar con ( encontrar) ‹ persona› to find;

‹ solución› to hit upon, find;
‹ palabra› to come up with
4 (hablando de manías, ocurrencias) darle a algn por hacer algo ‹por pintar/cocinar› to take to doing sth;
◊ le ha dado por decir que … he's started saying that …

5 [sol/luz]:
◊ aquí da el sol toda la mañana you get the sun all morning here;

la luz le daba de lleno en los ojos the light was shining right in his eyes
darse verbo pronominal
1 ( producirse) [fruta/trigo] to grow
2 ( presentarse) [oportunidad/ocasión] to arise
3 ( resultar) (+ me/te/le etc):
◊ se le dan los idiomas she's good at languages

a) ( refl) ( realizar lo que se indica) ‹ducha/banquete› to have;

◊ dárselas de algo: se las da de valiente/de que sabe mucho he likes to make out he's brave/he knows a lot;

dárselas de listo to act smart
b) (golpearse, pegarse):

◊ se dio con el martillo en el dedo he hit his finger with the hammer;

se dieron contra un árbol they crashed into a tree;
se dio dar un golpe en la rodilla he hit his knee
( considerarse) darse por algo:
◊ con eso me daría por satisfecha I'd be quite happy with that;

ver tb aludir a, enterado 1
dar
I verbo transitivo
1 to give: dame la mano, hold my hand
2 (conceder) to give: mi padre me dio permiso, my father gave me permission
le doy toda la razón, I think he is quite right
3 (transmitir una noticia) to tell
(un recado, recuerdos) to pass on, give
dar las gracias, to thank
4 (retransmitir u ofrecer un espectáculo) to show, put on
5 (organizar una fiesta) to throw, give
6 (producir lana, miel, etc) to produce, yield
(fruto, flores) to bear
(beneficio, interés) to give, yield
7 (causar un dolor, malestar) dar dolor de cabeza, to give a headache
(un sentimiento) dar pena, to make sad
le da mucha vergüenza, he's very embarrassed
8 (proporcionar) to provide: su empresa da trabajo a cincuenta personas, his factory gives work to fifty people
9 (una conferencia, charla) to give
(impartir clases) to teach
(recibir una clase) to have
US to take
10 (presentir) me da (en la nariz/en el corazón) que eso va a salir bien, I have a feeling that everything is going to turn out well
11 (estropear) to ruin: me dio la noche con sus ronquidos, he spoilt my sleep with his snoring
12 (abrir el paso de la luz) to switch on
(del gas, agua) to turn on
13 (propinar una bofetada, un puntapié, etc) to hit, give
14 (aplicar una mano de pintura, cera) to apply, put on
(un masaje, medicamento) to give
15 (considerar) dar por, to assume, consider: lo dieron por muerto, he was given up for dead
ese dinero lo puedes dar por perdido, you can consider that money lost
dar por supuesto/sabido, to take for granted, to assume
16 (la hora, un reloj) to strike: aún no habían dado las ocho, it was not yet past eight o'clock
17 (realizar la acción que implica el objeto) dar un abrazo/susto, to give a hug/fright
dar un paseo, to go for a walk
dar una voz, to give a shout
II verbo intransitivo
1 (sobrevenir) le dio un ataque de nervios, she had an attack of hysterics
2 dar de comer/cenar, to provide with lunch/dinner 3 dar a, (mirar, estar orientado a) to look out onto, to overlook
(una puerta) to open onto, lead to: esa puerta da al jardín, this door leads out onto the garden 4 dar con, (una persona, objeto) to come across: no fuimos capaces de dar con la contraseña, we couldn't come up with the password
dimos con él, we found him 5 dar de sí, (una camiseta, bañador) to stretch, give 6 dar en, to hit: el sol me daba en los ojos, the sun was (shining) in my eyes 7 dar para, to be enough o sufficient for: ese dinero no me da para nada, this money isn't enough for me
♦ Locuciones: dar a alguien por: le dio por ponerse a cantar, she decided to start singing
le dio por nadar, he got it into his head to go swimming
dar a entender a alguien que..., to make sb understand that...
dar la mano a alguien, to shake hands with sb
dar para: el presupuesto no da para más, the budget will not stretch any further
dar que hablar, to set people talking
dar que pensar: el suceso dio que pensar, the incident gave people food for thought
dar a conocer, (noticia) to release
' dar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
abasto
- abrigar
- acelerón
- acertar
- acogerse
- acomodar
- acreditar
- admitir
- aflojar
- agradecer
- alarma
- albergue
- alcance
- alerta
- alimentar
- alojamiento
- alta
- amagar
- apetecer
- apurar
- armar
- asesorar
- atinar
- baño
- batalla
- blanca
- blanco
- bola
- bote
- brazo
- brinco
- buena
- bueno
- cabezada
- cabida
- cada
- calabaza
- calentar
- callar
- callada
- callo
- campanada
- cancha
- cante
- cara
- carpetazo
- carrete
- casar
- chivatazo
- citar
English:
about-face
- about-turn
- act up
- advance
- amplify
- announce
- around
- attach
- attest
- back
- backpedal
- barge into
- bear
- beat
- beat up
- beg
- begrudge
- birth
- block
- bluster
- bolster
- bop
- boss about
- boss around
- bother
- bounce
- bound
- breast-feed
- brief
- buff
- bull's-eye
- butt
- call
- chase down
- checkmate
- cheer
- chime
- circle
- clout
- coach
- come across
- credence
- day
- deal
- death
- deliver
- deposit
- direct
- discharge
- disgust

* * *

dar

♦ vt

1. [entregar, otorgar] to give;

dar algo a alguien to give sth to sb, to give sb sth;

da parte de sus ingresos a los necesitados she gives o donates part of her income to the poor;

dame el azúcar, por favor could you pass o give me the sugar, please?;

¡dámelo! give it to me!, give me it!;

se lo di a mi hermano I gave it to my brother;

daría cualquier cosa por saber lo que piensa I'd give anything to know what he's thinking

2. [pagar] to give;
[ofrecer en pago] to offer;
¿cuánto te dieron por la casa? how much did they give you for the house?;

el concesionario me da 2.000 euros por la moto vieja the dealer's offering 2,000 euros for my old motorbike;

300 dólares, ¿quién da más? [en subasta] is there any advance on 300 dollars?

3. [proporcionar] to give, to provide with;

la salsa le da un sabor muy bueno the sauce gives it a very pleasant taste, the sauce makes it taste very nice;

este color le da un aspecto diferente a la habitación this colour makes the room look different;

le di instrucciones de cómo llegar a casa I gave her directions for getting to my house;

no nos dio ninguna explicación sobre su ausencia he didn't give us o provide us with any explanation for his absence;

le dimos ánimos para que siguiera con su trabajo we encouraged her to continue with her work;

su familia hizo un gran esfuerzo por darle estudios universitarios his family went to a great deal of effort to enable him to go to university

4. [conceder] to give;

le han dado el Premio Nobel she has been awarded o given the Nobel Prize;

le dieron una beca he was awarded o given a grant;

yo no le daría demasiada importancia I wouldn't attach too much importance to it;

al final me dieron la razón in the end they accepted that I was right;

le dieron una semana más para presentar el informe they gave o allowed him one more week to hand in the report;

me dieron permiso para ir al médico I got o was allowed time off work to go to the doctor;

¿da su permiso para entrar? may I come in?;

nos dieron facilidades de pago they offered us easy payment terms;

los médicos no le dan más de seis meses de vida the doctors don't give him more than six months (to live);

¿qué interpretación das a este descubrimiento? how would you interpret this discovery?

5. [decir]
dar los buenos días to say hello;

dar la bienvenida a alguien to welcome sb;

le di las gracias por su ayuda I thanked her for her help;

fuimos a darles el pésame we went to offer them our condolences;

dale recuerdos de mi parte give him my regards, say hello to him from me;

dale la enhorabuena give her my congratulations;

me dio su opinión al respecto he gave me his opinion on the matter;

¿quién le dará la noticia? who's going to tell o give her the news?

6. [producir] to give, to produce;
[frutos, flores] to bear; [beneficios, intereses] to yield;
estas vacas dan mucha leche these cows produce a lot of milk;

esta cuenta da un 5 por ciento de interés this account offers a 5 percent interest rate, this account bears interest at 5 percent;

esta lámpara da mucha luz this light is very bright;

le dio tres hijos she bore him three children

7. [provocar] to give;

me da vergüenza/pena it makes me ashamed/sad;

me da risa it makes me laugh;

me da miedo it frightens me;

¡me da una rabia que me traten así! it infuriates me that they should treat me in this way!;

me dio un susto tremendo she gave me a real fright;

el viaje me dio mucho sueño the journey made me really sleepy;

da gusto leer un libro tan bien escrito it's a pleasure to read such a well-written book;

los cacahuetes dan mucha sed peanuts make you very thirsty;

este paseo me ha dado hambre this walk has made me hungry o given me an appetite;

estas botas dan mucho calor these boots are very warm

8. [luz, agua, gas] [encender] to turn o switch on;
[suministrar por primera vez] to connect; [suministrar tras un corte] to turn back on
9. [fiesta, cena] to have, to hold;

dar una cena en honor de alguien to hold o give a dinner in sb's honour;

darán una recepción después de la boda there will be a reception after the wedding

10. [en naipes] [repartir] to deal

11. [sujeto: reloj] to strike;

el reloj dio las doce the clock struck twelve

12. Cine, Teatro & TV to show;
[concierto, interpretación] to give;
¿qué dan esta noche en la tele? – dan una película del oeste what's on the TV tonight? – they're showing a western o there's a western on;

dieron la ceremonia en directo they broadcast the ceremony live

13. [propinar]
le di una bofetada I slapped him, I gave him a slap;

dio una patada a la pelota he kicked the ball;

darle un golpe/una puñalada a alguien to hit/stab sb

14. [untar con, aplicar]
dar una capa de pintura al salón to give the living-room a coat of paint;

dar barniz a una silla to varnish a chair

15. [señales, indicios] to show;

dar pruebas de sensatez to show good sense;

dar señales de vida to show signs of life

16. [enseñar] to teach;
[conferencia] to give;
dar inglés/historia to teach English/history;

dio una clase muy interesante she gave a very interesting class;

mañana no daremos clase there won't be a class tomorrow

17. Esp [recibir] [clase] to have;

doy clases de piano con una profesora francesa I have piano classes with a French piano teacher;

doy dos clases de francés a la semana I have two French classes a week

18. [expresa acción]
dar un grito to give a cry;

dar un suspiro to sigh, to give a sigh;

dar un vistazo a to have a look at;

dio lectura a los resultados de la elección she read out the election results;

cuando se enteró de la noticia, dio saltos de alegría when he heard the news, he jumped for joy;

voy a dar un paseo I'm going (to go) for a walk

19. Esp Fam [fastidiar] to ruin;

es tan pesado que me dio la tarde he's so boring that he ruined the afternoon for me;

el bebé nos da las noches con sus lloros the baby never lets us get a decent night's sleep

20. [considerar]
dar algo por to consider sth as;

eso lo doy por hecho I take that for granted;

doy por sentado que vendrás a la fiesta I take it for granted that o I assume you'll be coming to the party;

doy por explicado este periodo histórico that's all I want to say about this period of history;

doy esta discusión por terminada I consider this discussion to be over;

dar a alguien por muerto to give sb up for dead

21. Fam [presentir]
me da que no van a venir I have a feeling they're not going to come

22. RP [inyección] to give

23. Comp

donde las dan las toman you get what you deserve;

no dar una to get everything wrong

♦ vi

1. [en naipes] [repartir] to deal;

me toca dar a mí it's my deal

2. [entregar]
dame, que ya lo llevo yo give it to me, I'll carry it

3. [horas] to strike;

dieron las tres three o'clock struck

4. [golpear]
le dieron en la cabeza they hit him on the head;

la piedra dio contra el cristal the stone hit the window;

como no te portes bien, te voy a dar if you don't behave, I'll smack you

5. [accionar]
dar a [llave de paso] to turn;
[botón, timbre] to press;
dale al control remoto hit the remote control;

dale al pedal press down on the pedal;
Informát
dale a la tecla de retorno hit o press return;

dale a la manivela turn the handle

6. [estar orientado]
dar a [sujeto: ventana, balcón] to look out onto, to overlook;
[sujeto: pasillo, puerta] to lead to; [sujeto: casa, fachada] to face;
todas las habitaciones dan al mar all the rooms look out onto o face the sea

7. [sujeto: luz, viento]
el sol daba de lleno en la habitación the sunlight was streaming into the room;

la luz me daba directamente en la cara the light was shining directly in my face;

aquí da mucho viento it's very windy here

8. [encontrar]
dar con algo/alguien to find sth/sb;

he dado con la solución I've hit upon the solution

9. [proporcionar]
dar de beber a alguien to give sb something to drink;

da de mamar a su hijo she breast-feeds her son

10. [ser suficiente]
dar para to be enough for;

Comp

no dar ni para pipas: ¡eso no te da ni para pipas! that's not even enough to buy a bag of peanuts!

11. [motivar]
esta noticia va a dar mucho que hablar this news will set people talking;

aquello me dio que pensar that made me think

12. [importar]
¡y a ti qué más te da! what's it to you?;

me da igual o [m5] lo mismo it's all the same to me, I don't mind o care;

no vamos a poder ir al cine – ¡qué más da! we won't be able to go to the cinema – never mind!;

y si no lo conseguimos, ¿qué más da? if we don't manage it, so what?;

¡qué más da quién lo haga con tal de que lo haga bien! what does it matter o what difference does it make who does it as long as they do it properly?;

lo siento, no voy a poder ayudar – da igual, no te preocupes I'm sorry but I won't be able to help – it doesn't matter, don't worry;

¿vamos o nos quedamos? – da lo mismo should we go or should we stay? – it doesn't make any difference

13. [acertar]
dio en el blanco she hit the target;

diste en el blanco, hay que intentar reducir las pérdidas you hit the nail on the head, we have to try and reduce our losses

14. [tomar costumbre]
le ha dado por el yoga he's decided to go in for yoga;

ahora le ha dado por no comer fruta now she's decided not to eat fruit;

le dio por ponerse a cantar en medio de la clase he took it into his head to start singing in the middle of the class;

¿está aprendiendo ruso? – sí, le ha dado por ahí is she learning Russian? – yes, that's her latest thing;
Formal
dar en hacer algo to take to doing sth;

el viejo dio en leer libros de caballería the old man took to reading books on chivalry

15. [expresa repetición]
le dieron de palos they beat him repeatedly with sticks

16. [afectar]
le dio un infarto he had a heart attack

17.
dar de sí [ropa, calzado] to give, to stretch;

no dar más de sí o [m5] para más [persona, animal] not to be up to much any more;

este sueldo da mucho de sí this salary goes a long way;

estos zapatos no dan para más these shoes have had it;

es un poco tonto, no da para más he's a bit stupid, he's not up to anything else

18. [expresa enfado]
te digo que pares y tú, ¡dale (que dale)! I've told you to stop, but you just carry on and on!;

¡y dale con la música! there he goes again, playing loud music!;

te hemos dicho que no menciones el tema, y tú, dale que te pego we've told you not to mention the subject, but you just carry on regardless o but here you are, bringing it up again;

¡y dale! te lo he dicho bien claro, no voy a ir how many times do I have to tell you? o I've said it once and I'll say it again, I'm not going

19. RP [comunicar]
¿me darías con tu madre? could I speak to your mother?, could you put your mother on?;

le doy con el Sr. Hualde I'll put you through to Mr Hualde

20. Comp
Fam
para dar y tomar: había cerveza para dar y tomar there was loads of beer;
Fam
darle a: ¡cómo le da a la cerveza! he certainly likes his beer!;
Fam
darle algo a alguien: si no se calla me va a dar algo if he doesn't shut up soon, I'll go mad;

si sigues trabajando así te va a dar algo you can't go on working like that;
Esp muy Fam
¡que le den!: ¿que no quiere cooperar? ¡que le den! he doesn't want to co-operate? well, stuff him!

♦ See also the pronominal verb darse

* * *

dar

<part dado>

I v/t

1 give; fiesta give, have;

dar un salto/una patada jump/kick, give a jump/kick;

dar miedo a frighten;

el jamón me dio sed the ham made me thirsty;

dar de comer/beber a alguien give s.o. something to eat/drink

2 fruta bear; luz give off; beneficio yield

3 película show, screen

4

:

el reloj dio las tres the clock struck three

5

:

¡dale (que dale)! fam don’t keep on! fam ;

y siguió dale que te pego fam and he kept on and on

II v/i

1 give; de cartas en juego deal;

dame give it to me, give me it

2

:

dar a de ventana look onto

3

:

dar con algo/alguien come across sth/s.o., find sth/s.o.;

no di con el nombre I couldn’t think of the name

4

:

dar de sí de material stretch, give;

dar para be enough for;

no da para más it’s past its best

5

:

le dio por insultar a su madre fam she started insulting her mother

6

:

¡qué más da! what does it matter!;

da igual it doesn’t matter

7

:

dar contra o

en algo hit sth;

el sol le daba en la cara he had the sun in his eyes, the sun was in his eyes

8

:

dar por muerto a alguien give s.o. up for dead

9

:

dar que hablar give people something to talk about;

da que pensar it makes you think, it gives you something to think about

* * *

dar {22} vt

1) : to give

2) entregar: to deliver, to hand over

3) : to hit, to strike

4) : to yield, to produce

5) : to perform

6) : to give off, to emit

7)

dar como or

dar por : to regard as, to consider

dar vi

1) alcanzar: to suffice, to be enough

no me da para dos pasajes: I don't have enough for two fares

2)

dar a or

dar sobre : to overlook, to look out on

3)

dar con : to run into

4)

dar con : to hit upon (an idea)

5)

dar de sí : to give, to stretch

♦ See also the reflexive verb darse

* * *

dar vb

1. (en general) to give [pt. gave; pp. given]

dale esta carta a tu madre give this letter to your mother

me has dado una idea you've given me an idea

me dio permiso para ir a la excursión he gave me permission to go on the trip

¿cuánto me das por lavarte el coche? how much will you give me for washing your car?

2. (poner en las manos) to pass

me puedes ayudar dándome los libros you can help me by passing me the books

3. (pedir en una tienda)

¿me da un kilo de naranjas, por favor? could I have a kilo of oranges, please?

4. (poner en la televisión) to be on

esta noche dan una película estupenda en la tele there's a great film on TV tonight

5. (ofrecer fiesta) to have

los García dan una fiesta the Garcías are having a party

6. (impartir clases) to teach [pt. & pp. taught]

da clases de inglés she teaches English

7. (tener ataque, enfermedad) to have

le ha dado un ataque de asma she had an asthma attack

8. (producir fruto, flores) to bear [pt. bore; pp. borne]

el peral da peras the pear tree bears pears

9. (sonar las horas) to strike [pt. & pp. struck]

el reloj dio las ocho the clock struck eight

ya han dado las diez it's gone ten o'clock

10. (encender, conectar) to turn on

¿has dado el gas? have you turned the gas on?

11. (chocar, golpear) to hit [pt. & pp. hit]

la pelota dio contra el cristal the ball hit the window

12. (decir) to say [pt. & pp. said]

me dio las buenas noches he said goodnight to me / he wished me goodnight

le di las gracias I thanked him

dar a to overlook / to look onto

esta habitación da a la calle this room overlooks the street

dar a entender to imply [pt. & pp. implied]

dar a luz to give birth [pt. gave; pp. given]

dio a luz a una niña preciosa she gave birth to a beautiful little girl

dar de comer to feed [pt. & pp. fed]

dar igual not to matter / not to mind

da igual it doesn't matter

me da igual I don't mind

¿qué más da? what difference does it make?

Spanish-English dictionary > dar

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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create public opinion

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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create public opinion

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